GB2295777A - Filter element and substrate for making same - Google Patents

Filter element and substrate for making same Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2295777A
GB2295777A GB9424767A GB9424767A GB2295777A GB 2295777 A GB2295777 A GB 2295777A GB 9424767 A GB9424767 A GB 9424767A GB 9424767 A GB9424767 A GB 9424767A GB 2295777 A GB2295777 A GB 2295777A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
substrate
filter element
absorbent
substrate according
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9424767A
Other versions
GB9424767D0 (en
Inventor
Brian John Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FSI FILTER SYSTEMS
Original Assignee
FSI FILTER SYSTEMS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FSI FILTER SYSTEMS filed Critical FSI FILTER SYSTEMS
Priority to GB9424767A priority Critical patent/GB2295777A/en
Publication of GB9424767D0 publication Critical patent/GB9424767D0/en
Publication of GB2295777A publication Critical patent/GB2295777A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/08—Thickening liquid suspensions by filtration
    • B01D17/10—Thickening liquid suspensions by filtration with stationary filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/2805—Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G33/06—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/43—Acrylonitrile series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A filter element substrate 2 with a multi-layer structure comprises two support layers 4, 6, e.g. webs of woven or non-woven polypropylene, and in between them a highly water-absorbent layer 8, e.g. a non-woven web of polyacrylate fibres. The substrate is used for forming a filter element in the form of a bag for extracting water or other aqueous liquids from essentially non-aqueous liquids such as aviation fuel or petrol. <IMAGE>

Description

FILTER ELEMENT AND SUBSTRATE FOR MAKING SAME This invention relates to a filter element, more particularly to a filter element for removing water and/o aqueous media from a product, preferably a liquid product.
containing same. The invention further relates to substrate material for making such a filter element.
The use of a filter comprising one or more filtei elements to extract certain specific, often unwanted, substances from a product is well known in a large number and variety of technical fields. In one particularl] relevant known context, there are commercially available filters for the extraction of oil or other water-insoluble or immiscible substances from aqueous media. For example, a known filter bag formed from a substrate comprising e layer of melt blown polypropylene (200gm/sq meter) interposed between two polypropylene support layers, may be used to remove oil, hydrocarbons and silicone from foi instance aqueous base paints.
Up to now, however, there have been few techniques available for easily and effectively removing water and/oz aqueous media from liquid or gaseous products, particularl] oil-based or essentially non-aqueous products, for example fuels and non-aqueous solvents . For technical and economic reasons this is especially desirable in the case of, for example, fuels such as aviation fuel and petrol for motor vehicles, and engine or other lubrication oils, where the presence of water can give rise to serious technical problems such as reduced engine performance and increased wear. Known techniques for removing water from such products employ relatively expensive and complicated methods and/or apparatus and frequently the efficiency of the extraction process is low or limited. Examples of these known methods include chemical extraction such as calcium chloride treatments and treatments employing silica gel, distillation, centrifuging, hydrolysis and reverse osmosis.
It is an object of the present invention therefore to ameliorate the above problems by providing a novel filter element, and a novel substrate for making same, which allows for simple and efficient extraction of water and/or aqueous liquids, solutions or the like, from products, especially substantially (or ultimately desirably so) non-aqueous liquids.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a substrate for the forming of a filter element for extracting water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, the substrate having a multi-layer structure comprising at least one support layer permeable to the medium to be filtered, and at least one absorbent layer capable of absorbing and retaining therein water and/or aqueous liquid contained in the medium to be filtered by the substrate. Preferably, the absorbent layer(s) of the substrate is/are permeable to the non-aqueous-component(s) of the medium to be filtered.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method of producing the substrate defined above, wherein the one or more support layers and the one or more absorbent layers are brought together, and optionally bonded or secured together, in a manner so as to produce the defined multi-layer substrate structure.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a filter element for extracting water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, comprising a multi-layer substrate according to the first aspect of the invention.
The present invention further provides, in a fourth aspect, a filtration apparatus comprising one or more filter elements according to the third aspect of the invention.
Also provided by the invention, in a fifth aspect, is a method of removing water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, comprising filtering the medium through a filter element according to the third aspect of the invention.
In preferred embodiments of the substrate of the invention, there are provided two support-layers, one on either side of a single, central absorbent layer.
The material from which the support layers are made is permeable to the medium to be filtered, and in preferred forms is a woven or non-woven fibrous or unitary web material having sufficient structural integrity and/or rigidity to provide an adequate supporting function for the central, absorbent substrate layer, in both the dry and the wet states.
Examples of suitable material from which the support layers of the substrate may be formed include melt blown and spun bonded polypropylene, spun bonded polyester and nylon, felts (e.g. nylon, polyester and polypropylene felts), monofilament and multifilament mesh materials (e.g. nylon, polyester and polypropylene mesh materials) and muslins.
A particularly preferred material is a porous unitary moulded web of polypropylene, available for example from Corovin (UK) Ltd. under the trade marks Corovin PP-S-A20 AOO and Corovin PP-S-A60 AOO.
Preferably the absorbent substrate layer (or layers, in less simple embodiments) comprises a highly waterabsorbent fibrous non-woven web material which is impermeable, to as great a degree as possible by virtue of its aqueous-retention and/or absorption properties, to water and other aqueous liquids applied to it, and preferably substantially permeable to non-aqueous components of the medium to be filtered.
The thickness of the absorbent layer may be selected to give a desired total potential absorption volume per unit area, according for example to the application for which the filter element is to be used and the type and/or maximum volume of liquid it is expected to be needed to extract before needing replacement.
An example of a suitable material for forming the absorbent layer of a preferred substrate material according to the invention is a non-woven, fibrous web formed from polyacrylate fibres, which is available for example from Technical Absorbents Limited under the trade mark OASIS.
The absorbent substrate layer may be formed from this material exclusively or alternatively may be formed from a blend of such material fibres with one or more other synthetic or natural fibres, in order to produce an absorbent material having properties tailored to a particular use or application. Such blending techniques are well known in the art.
In embodiments of the substrate of the invention, the faces of the one or more support layers may or may not be bonded to the faces of the absorbent layer(s). Suitable bonding means, if employed, may include for example thermal bonding, needle- or stich-bonding, latex bonding or steam/calendering bonding. Such techniques are well known in the art.
Preferably, the substrate according to the invention is produced as a continuous web that can be readily cut and/or otherwise formed to produce a filter element.
Conveniently, the substrate web can for example be supplied for use in the form of a roll.
A filter element according to the third aspect of the invention may be of known general shape and construction, the dimensions, configuration, and shape of the filter element being selected according to the application to which the filter element is to be put, as is the case with known filter elements.
In one practical form the filter element is in the form of a bag, preferably formed from a sheet of the substrate material folded over on itself and secured, e.g. by bonding and/or sewing along its base and one side, a mouth of the bag being arranged for mounting onto an inlet element of a filter apparatus, via which the medium to be filtered may be introduced into the filter bag. Preferably the medium is a liquid, but alternatively it may be gaseous.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention, in its main aspects, will now be described in detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a substrate according to the invention; and Figure 2 is a front face view of a preferred form of filter bag formed from the substrate of Figure 1.
Referring firstly to Figure 1, substrate 2, for the forming of a filter element for extracting water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium (e.g. a liquid or gaseous medium) containing same, comprises two support layers 4, 6 and a highly water-absorbent layer 8 interposed between the two support layers 4, 6.
Both of the support layers 4, 6 are formed from porous unitary moulded webs of polypropylene, available from Corovin (UK) Ltd. under the trade marks Corovin PP-S-A20 AOO and Corovin PP-S-A20 AOO respectively. These materials are selected to be permeable to the medium to be filtered and to provide the required degree of support and protection for the central absorbent layer 8 according to the practical application to which the resulting filter element is to be put.
The absorbent layer 8 of the substrate 2 is a non-woven fibrous web formed from polyacrylate fibres, namely the material sold under the trade mark OASIS, from Technical Absorbents Limited. This material is highly water-absorbent and substantially permeable to non-aqueous liquids and gases. The thickness of the absorbent layer is selected to give the desired or required total potential absorption volume per unit area according to the application for which the resulting filter element is to be used. Typically, the thickness of the absorbent layer way be in the range from about 2 to about 10 millimetres.
Turning to Figure 2, a filter bag 10 is formed from the novel substrate 2 of Figure 1 in a conventional manner.
Typically, a sheet of the substrate material 2 is folded over on itself, in a manner such that the support layer 4 formed from Corovin PP-S-A20 AOO forms the inner layer of the bag, and sealed by sewing along the principal border region of its base 12a and up one side 12b. A mouth 14 of the filter bag 10, via which the medium to be filtered may be introduced into the filter bag 10, is provided at the top of the bag 10. A support ring 16, of a substantially rigid material such as metal or plastic, is attached to the bag 10 and extends around the perimeter of the mouth 14. The ring 16 is clampable to an inlet element of a filter apparatus in which the bag 10 to be mounted.
One or more such filter bags 10 may be used in such a filtration apparatus, for easily and effectively removing water, saline solution or other aqueous media from liquid products such as aviation fuel and petrol for motor vehicles. The product to be filtered is introduced, e.g.
pumped, into the interior of the filter bag 10 through the mouth 14. As the product permeates through the walls of the filter bag 10, the absorbent substrate layer 8 extracts water and/or aqueous media from the product, allowing the non-aqueous components to pass through the walls of the bag 10, for subsequent collection. If desired or necessary, the collected filtrate may be recycled to the same or another filter element in order to repeat the extraction process.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described above by way of example only with reference to a specific exemplary preferred embodiment. Many variations and modifications from that which has been specifically described and illustrated are possible within the scope of the invention, as will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.

Claims (18)

CLAIMS:
1. A substrate for the forming of a filter element for extracting water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, the substrate having a multilayer structure comprising at least one support layer permeable to the medium to be filtered, and at least one absorbent layer capable of absorbing and retaining therein water and/or aqueous liquid contained in the medium to be filtered by the substrate.
2. A substrate according to claim 1, wherein the absorbent layer or layers thereof is/are permeable to the non-aqueous component(s) of the medium to be filtered.
3. A substrate according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein there are provided two support layers, one on either side of a single, central absorbent layer.
4. A substrate according to claim 3, wherein the material from which the support layers are made is a woven or non-woven fibrous or unitary web material having sufficient structural integrity and/or rigidity to support the central, absorbent substrate layer in both the dry and the wet states.
5. A substrate according to claim 4, wherein the material from which the support layers are formed is selected from: melt blown and spun bonded polypropylene; spun bonded polyester and nylon; felts; monofilament and multi-filament mesh materials; and muslins.
6. A substrate according to any preceding claim, wherein the absorbent substrate layer or layers comprise a highly water-absorbent fibrous non-woven web material which is substantially impermeable to water or other aqueous liquids applied to it.
7. A substrate according to claim 6, wherein the material from which the absorbent substrate layer or layers is/are formed is a non-woven, fibrous web of polyacrylate fibres.
8. A substrate according to claim 6, wherein the material from which the absorbent layer or layers is/are made is a non-woven fibrous web of a blend of polyacrylate fibres with one or more other synthetic or natural fibres.
9. A substrate according to any preceding claim, wherein the thickness of the absorbent layer(s) is in the range of from 2 to 10mum.
10. A substrate according to any preceding claim, wherein the faces of the one or more support layers are bonded to the adjacent faces of the absorbent layer( s).
11. A substrate according to any preceding claim, which is in the form of a continuous web supplied for use in the form of a roll.
12. A method of producing the substrate according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more support layers and the one or more absorbent layers are brought together, and optionally bonded or secured together, to produce the said multilayer substrate structure.
13. A filter element for extracting water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, the filter element comprising a multi-layer substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
14. A filter element according to claim 13, which is in the form of a bag.
15. A filtration apparatus comprising one or more filter elements according to claim 13 or claim 14.
16. A method of removing water and/or aqueous liquid from a medium containing same, comprising filtering the medium through a filter element according to claim 13 or claim 14.
17. A method according to claim 16, wherein the medium to be filtered is fuel for aircraft or vehicles, or a non-aqueous solvent.
18. A substrate or filter element manufactured therefrom, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9424767A 1994-12-05 1994-12-05 Filter element and substrate for making same Withdrawn GB2295777A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9424767A GB2295777A (en) 1994-12-05 1994-12-05 Filter element and substrate for making same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9424767A GB2295777A (en) 1994-12-05 1994-12-05 Filter element and substrate for making same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9424767D0 GB9424767D0 (en) 1995-02-08
GB2295777A true GB2295777A (en) 1996-06-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9424767A Withdrawn GB2295777A (en) 1994-12-05 1994-12-05 Filter element and substrate for making same

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220008850A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Solge Corp. Super-absorbent filter capable of rapidly and economically removing moisture in lubricant

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358372A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-11-09 General Motors Corporation Filler tube fuel strainer
US4584092A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-04-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Dehydrating method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358372A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-11-09 General Motors Corporation Filler tube fuel strainer
US4584092A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-04-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Dehydrating method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220008850A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Solge Corp. Super-absorbent filter capable of rapidly and economically removing moisture in lubricant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9424767D0 (en) 1995-02-08

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