GB2292848A - Control system for electrically powered boats - Google Patents
Control system for electrically powered boats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2292848A GB2292848A GB9517518A GB9517518A GB2292848A GB 2292848 A GB2292848 A GB 2292848A GB 9517518 A GB9517518 A GB 9517518A GB 9517518 A GB9517518 A GB 9517518A GB 2292848 A GB2292848 A GB 2292848A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- control system
- control
- motor
- module
- dashboard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/22—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the propulsion power units being controlled from exterior of engine room, e.g. from navigation bridge; Arrangements of order telegraphs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
An on-board control system for an electrically powered boat having a dashboard module 10 and a control module 12 interconnectable by a cable 14, the control module having terminals 50,72 for connection of a remote D.C. motor and a battery bank, and terminals for connection of the battery bank to an on-shore charger, while motor speed and drive direction are controlled by a single lever 18 on the dashboard module. <IMAGE>
Description
Control System for Electrically Powered Boats
This invention relates to a control system for an electrically powered boat, wherein the propeller is driven by a D.C.
permanent magnet electric motor unit.
In an endeavour to reduce pollution in inshore waters, it is proposed that boats for use in such waters should be powered by electric motors, in particular D.C. permanent magnet electric motor units. Power for the motor is to be derived from an on-board bank of batteries, rechargeable from units provided at the waterside and connected to the local mains electricity supply.
An object of the present invention is to provide an on-board control system for such boats.
According to the invention, an on-board control system for an electrically powered boat comprises a dashboard module having an accessible ignition switch and an accessible control means for forward/reverse drive control and speed control, an interconnecting cable which at one end, by means of a plug and socket, connects into the dashboard unit, and a control module remote from the dashboard module and into which, by means of a plug and socket, connects the other end of the interconnecting cable, the control module also having sockets for connection thereto of a remote D.C.
permanent magnet electric motor and a bank of electric batteries, together with terminals through which an onshore battery charger unit can be connected to the batteries.
Whereas such control systems as have been proposed hitherto have required the services of a skilled electrician for installation, the modular system in accordance with the invention can readily be installed by the boat builder with the aid of minimal simple instructions supplied with the modular kit.
A preferred control means for forward/reverse drive control and speed control is a single lever having a path of movement, preferably linear, from maximum speed forward drive through a neutral position to maximum speed reverse drive.
The said control lever preferably operates an electromagnetic proximity transducer wherein a moving vane is traversed through a pulsing magnetic field in order to vary the transducer output. The lever preferably also controls forward direction and reverse direction roller switches, closed and opened adjacent opposite sides of the neutral position of the lever.
Power for the dashboard module is supplied from the control module through the interconnecting cable and is required to pass the ignition switch, which is preferably key operable, before being fed to the transducer. The latter produces a D.C. analogue signal of magnitude dependent on the position of the control lever on either side of the neutral position.
The dashboard module preferably also incorporates an ammeter indicative of motor current consumption and a state of charge indicator.
One principal component of the control module is a p.c.b.
receiving a fixed motor supply current from the batteries as well as the output of the speed control transducer.
The p.c.b. is a medium to high powered semiconductor switch using power MOSFET transistors in parallel which are in turn connected in series with the battery and the
D.C. permanent magnet motor. These power MOSFET transistors are switched on/off 25,000 times per second by the preceding control circuitry. The transducer input controls the ratio of the switching on/off times (i.e. the mark to space ratio) which in turn controls the average current, the motor shaft torque and the output speed.
A second principal component of the control module is a solenoid operated reversing switch controlled by the roller switches in the dashboard module. The reversing switch reverses the polarity of the pulse modulated current fed to the motor output socket and thus, assuming the motor to be plugged in, the sense of rotation of the motor output shaft which drives the boat propeller.
The control module also includes a potentiometer for setting the maximum available boat speed, an on/off contactor controlled by the ignition switch on the dashboard module, a fuse, an ammeter shunt for the dashboard ammeter, and a circuit which stabilises the battery input, which is fed to the above described p.c.b. via the contactor and the ammeter shunt.
The battery charger terminals at the control module preferably connect to a socket on the side of the boat.
The invention is now further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the modular control
system;
Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the dashboard module;
Figure 3 shows the interconnecting able, including the
pin sockets; and
Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the control module.
The control system to be described with reference to the drawings is for controlling a reversible D.C. permanent magnet electric motor installed in a boat to drive the propeller shaft.
As shown in Figure 1, the control system is of modular form and comprises a dashboard module 10, a control module 12 and a flexible conduit cable 14 interconnecting the two modules 10, 12.
Accessible to the user on the dashboard module 10 are a key operable ignition switch 16 and a combined speed control/reversing lever 18. The later is movable in a straight linear path from a position of maximum forward speed through a neutral position to a position of maximum reverse speed. Visible to the user on the dashboard unit are an ammeter 20 and a meter 22 showing the state of charge of a bank of batteries which provide power for the system, including the motor.
The control module 12 has an accessible fuse 24 and a maximum speed adjuster 25, normally preset and not intended for user adjustment. Plug and socket connectors 26, 28 on the dashboard module and the control module respectively, provide for the two modules to be interconnected by the conduit 14, which has eight conductors.
Accordingly, the connectors 26, 28 on the modules 10, 12 are eight pin connectors.
Details of the sockets in question are shown in Figures 2 and 4 respectively, while details of the end plugs 30, 32 on the interconnecting conduit 14 are shown in Figure 3.
The pins and pin-connectors are marked with numerals clearly to indicate the circuit connections, and it will be noted that power required for the dashboard module is supplied from the batteries via the control module.
The circuit of the dashboard module (see Figure 2) comprises, in particular, an electromagnetic proximity transducer 34, wherein an aluminium vane 36 shown in dashed line is movable through a pulsed magnetic field, produced by a coil 37. This pulsed magnetic field induces eddy-currents into the aluminium vane, which in turn increases the load current in the producing coil; this is then in turn used to vary the transducer output. Thus, the sensor produces an analogue output signal on line 38 dependent on the position of the vane, which is mechanically linked to the control lever 18. The signal produced is symmetrical on opposite sides of the neutral position of the lever 18.
Additionally, the lever 18 is mechanically linked to two roller switches 40, 42, for forward/reverse control.
Power for the circuit enters at terminal strip 44 which includes circuitry 16 for operating the state-of-charge meter 22, and reaches the roller switches 40, 42 on line 45. The roller switches 40, 42, assuming the ignition switch 16 is closed, provide signals, on lines 46, 47 respectively, to the control module. The ammeter 20 is also shown in Figure 1.
Details of the flexible interconnecting conduit 14 will be clear from Figure 3 without further description.
The principal components of the control module 12 shown in Figure 4 are a p.c.b. 48 and a motor reversing relay 50.
The p.c.b. 48 receives the battery output on line 49, and in effect includes a high frequency chopper for chopping this D.C. output into a pulse sequence. The board 48 also receives the analogue output of the proximity sensor 34 on line 52, limited by the maximum speed adjuster 35, and includes a form of pulse width modulator which acts on pulse sequence output from the chopper to vary the mark/ space rate of the sequence in accordance with the magnitude of the analogue input. In practice, the p.c.b.
is a medium to high powered semiconductor switch using power MOSFET transistors in parallel, which are in turn connected in series with the battery and the D.C. permanent magnet motor. These power MOSFET transistors are switched on/off 25,000 times per second by the preceding control circuitry. The transducer input controls the ratio of the switching on/off times (i.e. the mark to space ratio) which in turn controls the average current, the motor shaft torque and the output speed. The pulse width modulated D.C. current output is fed to a socket 56 for connection of the motor (not shown) via the reversing relay 50, which switches the polarity of the modulated current supplied to the socket 50 in accordance with energisation and de-energisation of the relay.The state of energisation of the relay 50 is controlled by the control signals fed from lines 58, 60 which are derived from the output signals of the roller switches 40, 42 shown in Figure 2, in turn controlled by the speed control/reversing lever 18. Reversing the direction of the pulse width modulated current supplied to the motor reverses the sense of rotational drive of the motor.
Also shown in Figure 4 are a main on/off contactor 62 controlled by the ignition switch 16, a shunt 64 for the ammeter 20, battery charger terminals 66, 68, and the fuse 24. Circuit board 70 stabilises the battery input, fed in at socket 72.
In practice the charger terminals 66, 68 are wired to a socket on the side of the boat to facilitate charging from an on-shore mains electricity charging unit, and a safety device is preferably provided to prevent the boat from being driven while the batteries are being charged from the on-shore unit. This safety device may take various forms. For example, the socket on the side of the boat may include a switching means which disconnects the motor when a plug is inserted to effect battery charging from the on-shore unit. Preferably, however, a dummy socket is provided to which the battery charging cable has to be connected when the cable is disconnected from the on-shore unit, the power circuit to the motor being completed through this dummy socket.
Claims (18)
1. An on-board control system for an electrically powered boat comprising a dashboard module having an accessible ignition switch and an accessible control means for forward/reverse drive control and speed control, an interconnecting cable which at one end, by means of a plug and socket, connects into the dashboard unit, and a control module remote from the dashboard module and into which, by means of a plug and socket, connects the other end of the interconnecting cable, the control module also having sockets for connection thereto of a remote D.C.
permanent magnet electric motor and a bank of electric batteries, together with terminals through which an onshore battery charger unit can be connected to the batteries.
2. A control system according to claim 1, wherein the control means for forward/reverse drive control and speed control is a single lever having a path of movement from maximum speed forward drive through a neutral position to maximum speed reverse drive.
3. A control system according to claim 2, wherein the lever movement is linearly related to the demand speed on each side of the neutral position.
4. A control system according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the control lever operates an electro-magnetic proximity transducer wherein a moving vane is traversed through a pulsing magnetic field in order to vary the transducer output.
5. A control system according to claim 4, wherein the control lever also controls forward direction and reverse direction roller switches, closed and opened adjacent opposite sides of the neutral position of the lever.
6. A control system according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein power for the dashboard module is supplied from the control module through the interconnecting cable and is required to pass the ignition switch before being fed to the transducer.
7. A control system according to claim 6, wherein the ignition switch is key operable.
8. A control system according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the transducer produces a D.C. analogue signal of magnitude dependent on the position of the control lever on either side of the neutral position.
9. A control system according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the dashboard module also incorporates an ammeter indicative of motor current consumption and a state of charge indicator.
10. A control system according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control module includes a p.c.b. receiving a fixed motor supply current from the batteries as well as the output of the speed control transducer.
11. A control system according to claim 10, wherein the p.c.b. is a medium to high powered semiconductor switch using power MOSFET transistors in parallel which are in turn connected in series with the battery and the D.C.
permanent magnet motor.
12. A control system according to claim 11, wherein the power MOSFET transistors are switched on/off approximately 25,000 times per second by the preceding control circuitry, the transducer input controlling the ratio of the switching on/off times (i.e. the mark to space ratio), which in turn controls the average current, the motor shaft torque and the output speed.
13. A control system according to claim 10 or claim 11 when appendant to claim 5, wherein the control module includes a solenoid operated reversing switch controlled by the roller switches in the dashboard module, the reversing switch reversing the polarity of the pulse modulated current fed to the motor output socket and thus, assuming the motor to be plugged in, the sense of rotation of the motor output shaft which drives the boat propeller.
14. A control system according to any of claims 10 to 13, wherein the control module also includes a potentiometer for setting the maximum available boat speed, an on/off contactor controlled by the ignition switch on the dashboard module, a fuse, an ammeter shunt for the dashboard ammeter, and a circuit which stabilises the battery input, which is fed to the p.c.b. via the contactor and the ammeter shunt.
15. A control system according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein battery charger terminals at the control module connect to a socket on the side of the boat.
16. A control system according to any of claims 1 to 15, including a safety device for preventing operation of the motor during battery charging from the on-shore charging unit.
17. A control system according to claim 16, wherein the safety device is constituted by a dummy socket into which a cable used for boat to shore charging must be inserted, when the cable is disconnected from the. on-shore unit, in order to complete the power supply circuit to the motor.
18. An on-board control system for an electrically powered boat, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9417329A GB9417329D0 (en) | 1994-08-27 | 1994-08-27 | Control system for electrically powered boats |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9517518D0 GB9517518D0 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
| GB2292848A true GB2292848A (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| GB2292848B GB2292848B (en) | 1998-02-04 |
Family
ID=10760493
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9417329A Pending GB9417329D0 (en) | 1994-08-27 | 1994-08-27 | Control system for electrically powered boats |
| GB9517518A Expired - Fee Related GB2292848B (en) | 1994-08-27 | 1995-08-25 | Control system for electrically powered boats |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9417329A Pending GB9417329D0 (en) | 1994-08-27 | 1994-08-27 | Control system for electrically powered boats |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9417329D0 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2399238A (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-08 | Siemens Ag | A drive controller system |
| DE102005001817A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-20 | Rotinor Gmbh | Motor watercraft with a control device |
| CN106005343A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-12 | 周长宾 | Automatic parking and charging device of unmanned ship |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2033176A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-05-14 | Read G | Motor control arrangement |
| GB2142492A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1985-01-16 | Outboard Marine Corp | Electric outboard motor control |
| US4626757A (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1986-12-02 | Granchelli Ralph S | Boat controller |
-
1994
- 1994-08-27 GB GB9417329A patent/GB9417329D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-08-25 GB GB9517518A patent/GB2292848B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2033176A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-05-14 | Read G | Motor control arrangement |
| GB2142492A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1985-01-16 | Outboard Marine Corp | Electric outboard motor control |
| US4626757A (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1986-12-02 | Granchelli Ralph S | Boat controller |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2399238A (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-08 | Siemens Ag | A drive controller system |
| GB2399238B (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2006-03-15 | Siemens Ag | A drive controller system |
| DE102005001817A1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-20 | Rotinor Gmbh | Motor watercraft with a control device |
| DE102005001817B4 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2009-01-29 | Rotinor Gmbh | Motor watercraft with a control device |
| CN106005343A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-12 | 周长宾 | Automatic parking and charging device of unmanned ship |
| CN106005343B (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-08-29 | 周长宾 | Unmanned boat berths charging device automatically |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9417329D0 (en) | 1994-10-19 |
| GB2292848B (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| GB9517518D0 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20020825 |