GB2284939A

GB2284939A - Voltage regulating transformer

Info

Publication number: GB2284939A
Application number: GB9419229A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Aziz Fawzy Mekaiel Fanouse
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-08-15
Filing date: 1994-08-05
Publication date: 1995-06-21
Also published as: GB9419229D0

Abstract

In a known voltage regulating (auto)transformer (Fig 2) the supply voltage is applied at 3, 4 and a large cross-section copper wire winding L1, L3 is tapped H to provide a constant voltage across a load L. To reduce the amount of copper, L3 is replaced by a winding L3, Fig 1, of small cross-section and switches S1, S2 enable the transformer to accommodate variations below and above nominal voltage on terminals 3, 4. As shown, when the supply voltage is low, the tap starts at the lower end of L1 and can be moved up as the voltage increases until the full supply voltage is applied across the load when nominal voltage is reached. Above nominal, S1, S2 are actuated to engage contacts 1' and 2' so that the windings act as a potential divider for the load. Other arrangements involve the winding L1 being divided into sections, either each associated (Fig 5) with a relay to short-circuit the respective section or (Fig 6) with a respective secondary winding which can be switched to short-circuit or reverse phase the winding. <IMAGE>

Description

NAME OF INVENTION : NEW TRANSFORMER The full describtions as follows: INTRODUCTION The voltage electric transformer takes a great place in all the world, because it rises the low voltage, decrease the High Voltage, and compensate the drop in volt due to loadingor not loading,and due to the great length of cables. The variation in the volt may be increased in the beginning of cables or decrease at the consumer in the end of cables.

The consumer at the End of th cables will bare high drop during Loading period and high increase in volt during the normal times. On the other hand the consumer at the Beginning of the cables will find the volt is high all the times.(Morlning Night). Therefore their is a great need to use a transformer to decrease the increase in the volt and increase the drop in volt.

There are instruments treats the increase and decrease in volt automitically called Voltage Regulators ( Stabilizers) which include a transformer to treat this variation in volt, also electronic circuit and relies in which the out put voltage will be sable, and will neither increase nor decrease up to certain limits.

THE SUBTECT First: The transformer which treat the increase and decrease in volt will have a higher no. of turns, but the turns added to treat the increase in volt is in the same radios of that treat the drop in volt, that means high size, weight also high space in the instrument, therefore we need to think to decrease this coils ( C.S area) that means sthe weight, size, power losses will be decreased.

Draw (1) : to reduce the coils weight and transformer size, we add on other coil to (Auto-transformer) which is used to rise the voltage only. this coil is in the same c.s area of coil (L2)( Lower c.s area) with no. of turns suitable to the highest value of in put volt. ( if the highest value is the some with lowest valve- the no. of turns of coil L3 equally to L2) this new coil (low c.s area) will be connected in series with the main coil in the same direction with L3 to make the transformer able to bare the increase in volt.

Be noted that, the load L will change its feeding points from ( 1 , 2,) to points ('1 ,t2 ) on the case of increasing the volt ( upnormal value). we can move the hand (H) through the points of coil (L1) to give suitable value of volt to the load ( In case of increasing the input voltage).

Draw 2 show the known transformer use a coil (L3) to decrease the input voltage this coil is in the same c.s area of coil L1 which use to increase the input volt, that may be treated by coil L3 (Drawl) instead of coil L3 (Draw 2) which is approximately ( 1/4 c.s area).

Second: the New transformer rearrange its coil to be suitable to feed computer and Electronic circuits loads has a memory cancel due to cuttig in the main load curent duuring changing the position of the input end from point to another point on the transformer coil.

in (draw 3) the two coils are < separt ( L1 which load current passes through it ) and coil (L2 + L3) inseries consists one coil), when switch S1 take place to contact the coil ( L2 + L3 ) with point 1 and, switch S2 takes place to contact the coil (L2 + L3) with point 2. therefore an enduced (e.m.f) will appear at coil L1 at certain direction helps the volt between ( 4 - 3 ) or may be in the other direction ( as direction of coils turns).

If S1 change its place to 1' and S2 to 2', we find that the en duced ( e.m.f) will change its direction which caused decreasing in volt (e.g.) instead of increasing.

If the switch S1 take place 1' but S 2 remains constant at position 2 therefore the ( e.m.f) at coil L2 = zero, also if S2 change its place to point 2 and Si remains on point 1', therefore the (e.m.f) on coil L1 also be zero in this case.

Therefore, we can get increase in volt or decrease, also zero tention in coil L1, which effect by increase or decrease the volt on load, it may make input volt equal to output volt without any cuttig in the main current, therefore, we can use this type in COMPUTER loads.

In Draw (3) Input power (3-4) , point 5 can be connected with .3 the life end input, or 3' the ouput life end after regulation.

it is always stable value 110 volt/220 volt as the volt of the load.

In Drciw 3 also the input power can be on points ( a, b , c, d e, .. ) instead of (3) that for regulating the volt at the load (L) if the load has no computers or any othors sensitive to small period cutting during changing volt from point to another point higher or lower.

Note : point (5) may be feed from (3) (input power) or (3') output power ) also we can change thepolarity of volt at coil (L1) by switch Si and switch S 2 also equalize it with zero as we explain before.

DEVICES: - In draw (3) the feeding point of coil ( L2 + L3) from input incase of input volt is low. But in case we need to increase input and decrease it, we must connect point (5) with output (3') - To decrease the weight of coils if there is a desire to increase and also decrease the volt:- 1) Connect point 5 with point 3 (input) till volt will reach the normal value which load need.

2) Use switches Ski , S2 , if S1 contact with 1' or S2 contact with 2', we find that the volt on the coil (L1) = zero.

3) We change point of feeding from input ( 3,4 ) to (3' , 4') the loading points with point (5) to 3 to decrease the high voltage using coil ( L1).

That will be done by using a switch change point 5 from 3 to 3' ADVANTAGES OF THE TRANSFORMER ( DRAW 3) 1) It can be used to loads of COMPUTERS if we use the abolve directions.

2) If volt of input is equal to the volt of load we can short circuit coil (L2+L3) using switch S1 or S2 to contact with ( 1', 2' ) each of tlhem is enough, therefore, power losses will be small in this case - when we connect Sl with 1 and S2 with 2 an ( e.m.f) will appear in the coil (L1) (we can choose a suitable value to the load) (Normal load), when we change the position of each switches , (e.g) S1 when connect to 1' the potential difference on coil (L2 + L3) = zero. Also on L1, therefore output volt will be the same input without any change - - - N Draw (5) .High protection agains TRANSIENT, which known when connect a transformer with electricity. also in this draw, if we connect input life end 3 with automatic relayes or manual, when the input volt increases up to reach a value need not increase or decrease, the last relaly (R4 or R5 e.g) will transfer input end 3 to 3' which is the output, therefore this circuit will save a relay (R4, R5 e.g) also power losses equaly zero in this case only draw (5) will prevent from transient if you follow that: 1) when the input volt resies to be suitable to the load volt we must connect input to the load directly through relay R5 or R4 e.g. without connect it the life Endoflthe transformer.

2) change the position of switch S1 or 52 to give (S.C) at coil (L1) which already feeded from point 3 in this case, therefore, we find that load prevented from transient.

3) Reconnect coil (L2) with input in the opposite direction (polarity) use relay (Swit tch) S1, or S2 and use relay R1, R2 .... to give suitable volt to the load as the value of input volt.

NOTICE: When connect L2 with input point 3' which may be the same with the load voltage, it will be need to arrange this coil to bare this volt totally not a part of it, that will increase no. of turns of coil (L1 )also and its cs area.

APPLICATIONS: DRAW1 coil L3 the total no. of turns must be suitable to the (load voltage L) , but disadvantage of this circuit is an increase in the no. of truns of coil (L1), also the advantage is low arc appear between points of connections of hand (H) , it is more less than it without adding coil L3 to coil L2 .

*Draw 6 - It is for electronic circuit has a memory as COMPUTERS.

- Each transformer coils L1, L3, L5 will varies the input volt by a value in which be suitable to the nature of the load L ( 3', 4' , we must feed coils L1, L3, L5 from output life end 3'.

- If input volt will reach a suitable value to the load voltage S1 , S3, S5 will takes aposition to make ( S) on coils L2, L4, L6, the potential difference will be zero in this coils.

- If input increases more than the suitable value of load L we must chanage the direction of this coil to induce a volt in the opposite direction to the 1st volt at coils L1, L3, L5 also we can use electronic circuit to contro relays ( S1, S2, 53,..) to regulate the volt of the load (L) .

- It may consists of many stages to give high accuracy that will be achieved by increasing the no. of transformers.

- In case of high range of regulations: A) by adding more transformers.

B) Increasing the vot of each coil L1, L3, L5 .

THE NEW IN THIS INVENTION: 1) The new is changing coil L3 draw 2 by a coil in the same no. of turns but low in its wire cross sectional area. that is L3 in drawl ,total cost is less, weight is also less .

2) The new is the decrease in power losses if compared with Autotransformer. for example, the coils in draw 2 which is Li, (L2 + L3), when the input volt will reach a value near the suitable valaue of load, the potential difference between ends of coil ( L3 + L2 ) may be zero. also sometimes during regulation, when the volt accross.

WHAT WE NEED To PROTECT IN THE INVENTION: First: As we mentioned before that the new transformer decreases the weight of copper and iron also the total weight and size , if compared with auto-transformer . That can be achieved if: 1) Draw 1 if connect coil LS in series with coil L2 (in the same terms direction) . The number of turns of coil L3 is the same with L1, but the cross sectional area of its wire is more less than the other (L1) (approximately 1/4 that of coil L1) This addition of coil 1-3 must be only for a transformer used to decrease and increase the input voltage (not only increase).

We can use this cil (L3) by two methods :(Draw 1) a) use two switches SI , S2, the load takes its power from S1 connected with 1 and S2 connected with 2 (when input volt is less than the suitable value of load voltage).

When voltage (input) increased more than the load voltage, switch S2 will connect the load with point 2', switch S1 change its position also and connect the load L with point 1' . The potential difference between (1', 2' ) must be suitable to the load voltage, Hand (IH) will move through the coils turns (L1) to give suitable volt to the load (L) .

NONTE: We can use switches instead of liver (H) to obtain the same result.

b) Use one switch only S1, which takes position 1' when input volt is larger than the load voltage also takes position 1' if input volt is less than the load voltage. and also liver H will takes place to otain a suitable value of volt to the load.

Also switches can be put to connect input ( life end) with points in coil LI, to give suitable volt to load instead of liver (H) .

2) Draw 3, if connect L3 in series with L2, each end has a switch (S1, S2), but the other coil L1 is connected in series with load L . Input life end connected with a, b, c, d,... ito give suitable volt to the load. S1 and S2 changes polarity of input volt, which reflected to coil LI- also zero volt at coil L1, when we use the follow direction: A) connect point 5 with 3' b) S1 takes position l,S2 takes position 2 The volt between 3, 3' in the adding direction to input volt ( assumption).

c) Connect input life end to any of points a, b , c, .. to obtain a suitable value of volt at the load.

d) if input volt will reach max. value to load, we must change the position of one of the two switches S1 or S2, assume that S1 takes place to connect point 1' instead of point 1 with the end of coil ( L2 + L3), therefore this coil will be shorted and the potential difference between 3 and 3' becomes zero.

e) if the input volt would be more thatn the load voltage, then we must use switch S2 which takes position 2', in which the voltage polarity will be changed, also the votage polarity on coil L1 will be changed.

f) we can connect input life en with any of points a, b, c, d, .. to obtain a suitable value of volt at load (L).

Second: as we nentioned in the explanation that the new transformer can use for COMPUTER loads that will be achiev ed as follows: In draw (6) low or high number of transformer can be used, each transformer consists of two coils, one of them ( high c.s area wire ) connected in series with load and the other will connected with output voltage.

The ends of coils L2, L4, L6 will connected with switches S1, 52,53. ....S6 Tlhe switches varies its positions to obtain a variation in volt at the ends of coils (Li, L3, 1J5) as we mentioned before, that may be done by increase or decrease also may be zero.

Therefore we can rise the input volt ( 3, 4 ) by a value V1 at the end of coil L1 and by another value V2 at coil L3 also V3 at coil L5 . These values may be equally or not equal. also may be small or large amount to achieve the desired variation in the load voltage also the accuracy which be required to the load . In other words the increase in volt at coils Li, 13, 5 cause a variation in input volt +30% ( e.g) also we must notice that the variation which happen by any of these coils must be suitable to the accuracy required on the load voltage.

THIRD: It is mentioned before that the new transformer decrease the power losses, that will be achieved by the following methods: a) In draw (6) when the transformer used to COMPUTER loads, one or two coils ( L2, L4, L6 ) may be shorted. when the input volt is approximately the sme volt required to the load Draw 6.

b) The power losses in Draw (5) is very small that will be achieved by connecting the input life end with relays or switches R1, R2,... if the input volt reach a certain value ( suitable to the load) then we connect input End during relays or switches with the load directly without connected to the transformer coil end for this stage .the potential difference at the transfonner coil equally 7ERO (notice that ( 1' connected with 3' output vot).

also when we change the position of switch S1 or S2 to make short circuit at coils to increase or decrease th load voltage.

c) In draw (3) low power losses that when the potntial differecne at the coil ( L2 + L3 ) equal zeor. That will happen when switch S1 or S2 make a short circuit on coil ( L2 + L3 ) if the input voltage is near the value of the load voltage.

FOURTH: draw (5). points 1' and 2' feeds from input life end 3.

As we mentioned before that the transformer in draw (5) with connecting (1', 2' ) to 3 input instead of 3' prevent loads from danger may be happen during TRANSIENT ( we use relay R, R2, R3 ,.... controlled by electronic circuit or manually at the arrangement becomes follower, also switches or relalys SI , S2 in draw (5) a small capacitor between ends of L2.

If you follow the following steps you will be safe from any bad effection in the TRANSIENT period: 1) Assume that the input voltage began to rises, Relay Ri, R2 ,R3 .... will change input life end on the coil L1 to achieve a suitable output voltage at the load (L) . also the last relay R4 or R5 will connect input life end 3 with load (L) [ without connecting it with coil L1] .

2) If input volt reached to the suitable value of load voltage swich S1 will takes a position 1' instead of 1 causing short circuit at the ends of coil L2 (which arranged to bear highest volt) 3) If the input volt rises up to this value switch S2 operates to change the polarity of voltage at L2 windings the electronic control circuit will give an order to the relays RI , R2, R3 to give a suitable volt on load according to its nature.

Claims

1. The improved regulating voltage transformer which consists mainly from two coils L1 of high copper wire C.S area and coil (Lg L3) of low copper wire C.S area can regulate the lowest input volt and the higher input volt with the same coil L, approximately (1/2 half) the weight and number ofturns of both coils L, and L3 in Fig 2 which achieved the same aim by using the ordinary out-transformer shown in Figure 2.

This regulation by the improved transformer can be done by many methods.

2. The improved transformer as claimed in claim 1 wherein switch Sl takes position 1 and S2 position 2 when input volt < 220V (assume 220 voltage supply).

Handle H will move in the taps of coil L1.

- If the input volt reach 220V, handle H will reach the upper end of the transformer (Fig 1) and switch S1 connect the upper end ofthe load with point 1.

In this case we can make a S.C between 3 and upper end ofthe load L.

- If the input voltage increase more than 220V, switch S, will transfer to point 1" then the handle H will change its position across the taps of coil L, to adjust the O/P volt to the load L.

3. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claims 1 and 2 use a switch S2 to transfer the neutral end from point 2 to 2 in case of increasing input volt more than 220 volt.

4. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claims 1, 2 and 3, can be used without switch S, if we added the number of turns of coil L3 (lower copper wire C.S area) from the beginning in series with coil L2 in the same turns polarity and same copper wire C.S area to consist 1 coil connected with neutral (without using switch S2).

5. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, can be used to regulate the input volt to the load (L)without switch S, also - if we connect the upper end of the load (L) with point 1.

In this case handle H will reach the upper point (top) on the coil L1 when input volt is equal to 220V approx.

Notice: Load L connected with point 1 and handle H reached point 1.

Therefore, we can make a short C.S between 3 and 1.

If we change the feeding input point ofthe supply voltage (point 3) which feeds the handle H, with the upper point of the load L with a reversible switch (not appearing in the Fig 1). Then the handle H will transfer the load L through the taps of coil L, if the input will increase more than normal voltage (220V). [point 1 will be connected with the input end in case of increasing the supply voltage more than 220V] 6. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5 wherein handle H feeds from the input point end 3 and the same handle H will feed from the upper point of load L. We used only 1 handle in both cases, but we can also use two handles each separate to the other.

CLAIMS Handle H, connected with input power end 3 and handle H2 (separate) connected with the upper load point 1.

In case of increasing input volt more than 220 volt, handle H2 will move across the taps of coil L, and H1 remains constant.

7. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5 in which coil LI increased by number of turns of coil L3 and neutral point connected with 2 - the movement of the handle H can be changed by taps and relays changes input power end across the taps of coil Ll.

8. The improved regulating transformer, claimed in claim 2 wherein switch S2 used to add another number ofturns to coil L2 in case of increasing the input voltage more than 220V is not use to add another number of turns to regulate the O/P voltage by this additional number ofturns, but only used to add a number of turns equal to the number of turns of coil 5 in Fig 2 but in a lower C.S copper wire area, but handle H used to regulate the volt after this additional part of turns (L3).

9. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5 can be used for computer loads due to the non-cutting in the current flow through the load. If we marked an S.C between 3 and upper end load L before reversing the electric power end 3 with the load upper end (when the handle reaches point 1).

10. The improved regulating transformer as illustrated in the application shown in Fig 4, in which coil L2 increased by the additional number of turns of coil L3 (in the lower C.S wire area) can be separately feeding from the supply through switches S, and S2 (if full number of turns must be suitable to the max. expected volt in the supply voltage) and there is no need to switch to transfer the load feeding points, but to change the flux polarity with magnetic circuit by changing the polarity of input voltage feeding the coil L2 + L3 (Fig 4) by using switches S, and S2 in the sequence given:: a) if the input volt is less than 220V (assume 220 voltage supply) - point 1 will feed the upper end ofthe coil (L2 + L3) with life end - point 2 will feed the lower end of the coil (L2 + L3) with neutral.

The e.m.f. induced in coil LI will be in a direction to add a certain volt to the load L (assumption). If the input volt will reach neutral value 220 volt handle H should be in point (d) on coil LI - then Sí will take position 1 [coil (L2 + L3) is S.C] - then S2 will take position 2 when the input volt increases more than the normal 220V.

11. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 10 (Fig 4) we can transfer the input power end through the taps of coil L, by using a group of relays connected with electronic circuit sensitive to the input volt (or the O/P volt) to transfer the input power end from one tap to another on the coil L, in both cases a) when the input volt is less than 220V b) when the input volt is higher than 220V.

We should follow the previous arrangement of switch S, and S2 in the case of V < 220 or V > 220 volt.

CLAIMS 12. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 11 Fig 4, we can use this regulator manually if we used a limit switch on the upper position ofthe handle (may be S,) wherein the upper point end of coil (L, + L3) will feed from the supply power end directly where input volt is lower than 220V - and the coil (L, + L3) will short on its turns (as mentioned before) when V=220 Volt, and the handle reaches the upper point of coil L, to make S, (Limit Switch) take position 1 instead of 1.

In this case switch S2 only must connect with a sensitive electronic circuit or elctro mechanizm.

13. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 12, we can use the regulator illustrated in Fig. 4 manually without any electronic system if we use a voltage meter across the load - in which appointed to the increase with a volt more than the normal to change the switch S2 from point 2 to point 2'.

14. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim ten can be used as one step without the help of handle (or relays to transfer the input power end from one point to another on the taps of coil L,) if the number of turns of coil L, is small compared with (L,+ ) - i.e. we can use switch S, and S2 only to raise the input volt and to decrease the input volt as desired (with the sequence mentioned before).

15. The improved regulating voltage transformer illustrated in Fig. 3, which is similar to that illustrated in Fig. 4. except the position of point 5, wherein can feed from point 3 (input power end) or point 3 (output power end).

16. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 15, wherein a handle connected with the input power and (3) transfer through the taps a, b, c, d,.... of coil L, and point 5 connecting with input power end (3) will give us a great stability in the magnetic flux and prevent us from the transient dangerous effect on the electronic circuits. Therefore we can use this application for computer loads if we use the sequence mentioned before, I will mention that again here.

Notice Point 5 should be connected with input power and 3.

a) If the input volt is less than the normal volt V < 220 volt S, takes position 1 S2 takes position 2 assume that, the induced e.m.f. on coil L, in a direction which add a volt to the input volt.

A handle connected with the input power end 3 can move on a group oftaps of coil L, (a, b, c, d, e, f, ...., so on) to adjust the output volt to the load L.

b) If the input volt reach the normal value 220 volt.

The handle (not appear in the Fig. 3) will reach last tap which can be represented by point 3 in Figure 3.

S, can take position 11 now without (large spark).

S2 still taking position 2.

That means, a short circuit across the winding turns 62 + 4) will happen now (but not S.C on the supply ends, due to the change of the position of S, from 1 to 1).

CLAIMS That means also, that the magnetizing current is zero and the total power losses in this case equal zero till the input voltage begins to increase or to decrease.

c) If the input volt begins to increase V > 220 Volt.

- S2 should change its position to point 2 before any movement to the handle across the taps of coil L,.

This can be achieved by the help of electronic circuit connected with a relay or switch S2.

The induced e.m.f. on coil L1, will change its direction. We can adjust the output volt by changing the position of the handle across the taps of coil L,.

17. The improved regulating voltage transformer claims in claim 16 wherein point 5 is connected with (input power end 3), can be achieved by the same previous sequence mentioned in claiml6 - if we connect point 5 with the output power end 3 to save copper of winding [(L2 + L3) in this case arranged to bare 220 only - not more as the previous case in claim 16].

The weight of coil L, will increase to cover the increase with current feeding coil (LI +L3).

18. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim fifteen can be used to regulate the voltage also, if we connect point 5 with input power end 3 when the input volt less than 220 volt and change its position to be connected with the output power end 3 (load power end) when the input volt begins to increase more than the normal V2220 Volt - we should use relay or switch (manual or automatic) to transfer the point (5) from the input power end 3 to the outpower end 3.

NOTICE: the spark does not appear at all on this switch if you make this change between point 5 after the handle reach point 31 (there is no power in coil L, and reflected power in coil (L2 + L3) is zero).

You should notice also this transfer of point 5 from 3 to 31 should be after switch S, took position 1 [coil (Li + L2)] is shorted and isolated from the feeding point 5.

19. The improved regulating voltage transformer consisting oftwo coils mainly L, from higher C.S wire area and L2 of Lower C.S wire, can be used as a regulator as illustrated in Fig.

5, if we connect coil L2 with switch S1 and S2 as claimed in claim 10 and claiml 1 and transferring the input power end 3 across the taps of coil L, using relays or magnetic switches instead of a handle.

The feed point 5 of coil (L2 + L3) Fig 3 can feed from 3 or 3 as claimed in claim 17.

20. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 16 can be used without dangerous transient period when point 1 will be connected to the input power supply 5 figure 5 instead of 31 In this condition coil L2 should bare the maximum expected input volt.

We can follow this sequence to prevent load L from the dangerous transient period. Point 1 connected with 3 in Figure 5 and also 21 (there is an S.C between 1 and 2').

CLAIMS a) If the input volt is less than 220 volt V < 220 Volt S, takes position 1 S2 takes position 21 The induced e.m.f. on coil L1 in a direction to add volt to the input volt (assumption).

Relays (R1, R2, R3,.......) will transfer the input power end 3 to a suitable step on coil L, to give the Load (L) a suitable volt (220V).

NOTICE points 1 and 2 (shorted and still connected with the main input power end (3) all this condition without any change).

b) If the input volt will reach 220 volt V= 220 Volt.

S, will take position 1 S2 still taking position 2' (1 and 2' are connected with 3) The input power end 3 will transfer through relays R1, R2 R3 R4, R5 till it reaches point 3 (output power end).

In this case the power losses in all the transformer = zero.

c) If the input volt will begin to increase more than 220V S, should take position 1 before any other switches or relays (R5, R4, R3, R2, R,), S2 still in position 2.

Relays or switches , R4 will transfer the input power end to a suitable tap in the coil L1, to give 220V to the load.

21. The improved regulating voltage transformer which consisted oftwo coils mainly L, and (L2 + L3) in Fig. 3 which as claimed in claim 18, 19, 20, can be a regulator of one step instead of many steps if the number of coils of L, is low enough to make one step. Fig (3).

22. The improved regulating voltage transformer of Fig 3 can connect with other transformers, in which coils L1, will be in series with another coil L3 of another transformer T2 and this further one connected in series with coil L5 of transformer T3.

Coils (L, + L3) will be L2 which connected in parallel with the supply (3-4) or with the output ofthe groups (31 -41) through switches or relays S" S2 for coil L, and S3 and S4 for coil L4 .... so on. The induced e.m.f. on coils L2, L4, L6 is reflected to coils L1, 5, L5 to add a volt to the input volt if the switches Sl, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, in a certain position - and to cancel this additional volt - and to induce an e.m.f. on coils Ll, L3, L5 if it takes the opposite of the first arrangement.

- coils L2 and L4 and L6 should shunted with suitable capacitor or - Bridge rectifier of zenners in series with suitable resistance - Trial (solid state electronic element) with its components in parallel with L2, L4, L6 or across switches Si, S2, 53 -- ...S6)- - Fire tube for VF > 250 Volt.

in parallel with L2, L4, L6 or across switches (S1, S2, S3, S4, .....S6).

- Or any suggested electronic element to prevent the higher voltage reflected due to opening switches during the load passing in L1, L3, L5.

Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows CLAIMS 1. The improved regulating voltage transformer which consists mainly from two coils L, of high copper wire C.S area and coil (L; Fizz of low copper wire C.S area can regulate the lowest input volt and the higher input volt with the same coil L1 approximately (1/2 half) the weight and number of turns of both coils L1 and L3 in Fig 2 which achieved the same aim by using the ordinary out-transformer shown in Figure 2.

This regulation by the improved transformer can be done by many methods.

2. The improved transformer as claimed in claim 1 wherein switch S1 takes position 1 and S2 position 2 when input volt < 220V (assume 220 voltage supply).

Handle H will move in the taps of coil Ll.

In this case we can make a S.C between 3 and upper end ofthe load L.

4. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claims 1, 2 and 3, can be used without switch S, if we added the number ofturns of coil L3 (lower copper wire C.S area) from the beginning in series with coil L2 in the same turns polarity and same copper wire C.S area to consist 1 coil connected with neutral (without using switch S2).

In this case handle H will reach the upper point (top) on the coil L, when input volt is equal to 220V approx.

Notice: Load L connected with point 1 and handle H reached point 1.

Therefore, we can make a short C.S between 3 and 1.

If we change the feeding input point ofthe supply voltage (point 3) which feeds the handle H, with the upper point of the load L with a reversible switch (not appearing in the Fig 1). Then the handle H will transfer the load L through the taps of coil L, if the input will increase more than normal voltage (220V). [point 1 will be connected with the input end in case of increasing the supply voltage more than 220V]

6. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5 wherein handle H feeds from the input point end 3 and the same handle H will feed from the upper point of load L. We used only 1 handle in both cases, but we can also use help handles each separate to the other.

In case of increasing input volt more than 220 volt, handle H2 will move across the taps of coil L1 and Hl remains constant.

7. The improved regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5 in which coil L2 increased by number of turns of coil L3 and neutral point connected with 2 - the movement of the handle H can be changed by taps and relays changes input power end across the taps of coil Ll.

8. The improved regulating transformer, claimed in claim 2 wherein switch S2 used to add another number ofturns to coil L2 in case of increasing the input voltage more than 220V is not use to add another number ofturns to regulate the O/P voltage by this additional number ofturns, but only used to add a number ofturns equal to the number of turns of coil L3 in Fig 2 but in a lower C.S copper wire area, but handle H used to regulate the volt after this additional part ofturns (L3).

10. The improved regulating transformer as illustrated in the application shown in Fig 4, in which coil Lzincreased by the additional number of turns of coil L3 (in the lower C.S wire area) can be separately feeding from the supply through switches Sl and Sz (if full number ofturns must be suitable to the max. expected volt in the supply voltage) and there is no need to switch to transfer the load feeding points, but to change the flux polarity with magnetic circuit by changing the polarity of input voltage feeding the coil Lz + L3 (Fig 4) by using switches Sl and S2 in the sequence given:: a) if the input volt is h than 220V (assume 220 voltage supply) - point 1 will feed the upper end ofthe coil (L2+ L3) with life end - point 2 will feed the lower end ofthe coil (Lz + L3) with neutral.

The e.m.f. induced in coil L1 will be in a direction to add a certain volt to the load L (assumption). If the input volt will reach neutral value 220 volt handle H should be in point (d) on coil L, - then Sl will take position 1 [coil (L2+ L3) is S.C] - then S2 will take position 2 when the input volt increases more than the normal 220V.

We should follow the previous arrangement of switch Si and S2 in the case of V < 220 or V > 220 volt.

12. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 11 Fig 4, we can use this regulator manually if we used a limit switch on the upper position of the handle (may be S,) wherein the upper point end of coil (L2 + L3) will feed from the supply power end directly where input volt is lower than 220V - and the coil (L2 + L3) will short on its turns (as mentioned before) when V=220 Volt, and the handle reaches the upper point of coil L, to make S, (Limit Switch) take position 1 instead of 1.

14. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim ten can be used as one step without the help of handle (or relays to transfer the input power end from one point to another on the taps of coil L,) if the number of turns of coil L, is small compared with (L2+L3) - i.e. we can use switch Sl and S2 only to raise the input volt and to decrease the input volt as desired (with the sequence mentioned before).

15. The improved regulating voltage transformer illustrated in Fig. 3, which is similar to that illustrated in Fig. 4. except the position of point 5 wherein can feed from point 3 (input power end) or point 3 (output power end).

Notice Point 5 should be connected with input power and 3.

a) If the input volt is less than the normal volt V < 220 volt Sl takes position 1 S2 takes position 2 assume that, the induced e.m.f. on coil L1 in a direction which add a volt to the input volt.

A handle connected with the input power end 3 can move on a group of taps of coil L1 (a, b, c, d, e, f, ...., so on) to adjust the output volt to the load L.

b) If the input volt reach the normal value 220 volt.

Sl can take position 1' now without (large spark).

S2 still taking position 2.

That means, a short circuit across the winding turns 62 + L3) will happen now (but not S.C on the supply ends, due to the change of the position of Sl from 1 to 1').

c) If the input volt begins to increase V > 220 Volt.

- S2 should change its position to point 2 before any movement to the handle across the taps of coil Ll.

The induced e.m.f. on coil Ll, will change its direction. We can adjust the output volt by changing the position of the handle across the taps of coil L,.

17. The improved regulating voltage transformer claims in claim 16 wherein point 5 is connected with (input power end 3), can be achieved by the same previous sequence mentioned in claimed - if we connect point 5 with the output power end 3 to save copper of winding [62 + L,) in this case arranged to bare 220 onlv - not more as the previous case in claim 16].

The weight of coil L1 will increase to cover the increase with current feeding coil (L2+L3).

18. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim fifteen can be used to regulate the voltage also, if we connect point 5 with input power end 3 when the input volt less than 220 volt and change its position to be connected with the output power end 3' (load power end) when the input volt begins to increase more than the normal V2220 Volt - we should use relay or switch (manual or automatic) to transfer the point (5) from the input power end 3 to the outpower end 3.

NOTICE: the spark does not appear at all on this switch if you make this change between point 5 after the handle reach point 31 (there is no power in coil L1 and reflected power in coil (L2 + L3) is zero).

You should notice also this transfer of pQint S from 3 to 31 should be after switch Si took position 1 [coil (Li + L2)] is shorted and isolated from the feeding point 5.

19. The improved regulating voltage transformer consisting of two coils mainly L1 from higher C.S wire area and L2 of Lower C.S wire, can be used as a regulator as illustrated in Fig.

5, if we connect coil L2 with switch Si and S2 as claimed in claim 10 and claim 1 and transferring the input power end 3 across the taps of coil L1 using relays or magnetic switches instead of a handle.

The feed point 5 of coil (L2+ L3) Fig 3 can feed from 3 or 3 as claimed in claim 17.

20. The improved regulating voltage transformer as claimed in claim 16 can be used without dangerous transient period when point 1 will be connected to the input power supply 3, figure 5 instead of 31.

In this condition coil L2 should bare the maximum expected input volt.

We can follow this sequence to prevent load L from the dangerous transient period. Point 1 connected with 3 in Figure 5 and also 21 (there is an S.C between 1' and 2').

CLAIMS In Fig. 5 (Point 1 and 2 connected with 3 instead of 3') a) If the input volt is less than 220 volt V < 220 Volt S1 takes position 1 S2 takes position 2 The induced e.m.f on coil L, in a direction to add volt to the input volt (assumption).

Relays(R1,R2,R3,......) will transfer the input power end 3 to a suitable step on coil L, to give the Load (L) a suitable volt (220V).

b) If the input volt will reach 220 volt V= 220 Volt.

Si will take position 1 S2 still taking position 2 (1 and 2 are connected with 3) The input power end 3 will transfer through relays Rl, Rz R3, R4, R5 till it reaches point 3 (output power end).

In this case the power losses in all the transformer = zero.

c) If the input volt will begin to increase more than 220V S, should take position 1 before any other switches or relays (Rs R4, R3, R2, Rl) S2 will take position 2.

Relays or switches R5, R4 will transfer the input power end to a suitable tap in the coil L1, to give 220V to the load.

21. The improved regulating voltage transformer which consisted of two coils mainly L1 and (L2 + L3) in Fig. 3 which as claimed in claim 18, 19, 20, can be a regulator of one step instead of many steps if the number of coils of L1 is low enough to make one step. Fig (3).

In Fig. 6 shows this arrangement.

Coils (L2 + L3) will be L2 which connected in parallel with the supply (3-4) or with the output ofthe groups (31 - 41) through switches or relays Sl, S2 for coil L2 and S3 and S4 for coil L4 .... so on. The induced e.m.f on coils L2, L4, L6 is reflected to coils Ll, L3, L5 to add a volt to the input volt if the switches S" S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, in a certain position - and to cancel this additional volt - and to induce an e.m.f. on coils L1, L3, L5 if it takes the opposite of the first arrangement.

- coils L2 and L4 and L6 should shunted with suitable capacitor or - Bridge rectifier of zenners in series with suitable resistance - Triack (solid state electronic element) with its components in parallel with L2, L4, L6 or across switches Sl, S2, S3, S6) CLAIMS - Fire tube for VF > 250 Volt.

in parallel with L2, L4, L6 or across switches (S1, S2, CH2S3, S4, S6).

- Or any suggested electronic element to prevent the higher voltage reflected due to opening switches during the load passing in Ll, L3, L5.

23. The improved voltage regulating transformer can be used with the help of Triacks instead of switches or relays.

24. The improved voltage regulating transformer can be used as the application in Fig. 1 if we use two Triacks with the upper end of the load L instead of switch S, (with a suitable series resistance) and two Triacks instead of S2 (with the suitable series resistance).

25. The improved voltage regulating transformer can be used with the application illustrated in Fig. 1 with Triacks instead of switch S, and switch S2 - without resistance due to the existence of the load resistance.

26. The improved voltage regulating transformer in all its applications wherein coil (L2 +11) or coil L2 with the addition number of turns equal to number of coil L3 but in the lower C.S area as Fig. 5 - in all these applications - this coil can be fed from the supply or the output power end 3' when we use two Triacks connected with the upper end ofthis coil (L2 + or or (L2) instead of switch S, and Tow Triacks with the lower end ofthe same coil [(L3 + L2) or (L2)] in its application instead of switch S2. (Obviously the Triacks should be connected with series resistance [each Triack]).

27. The improved voltage regulating transformer in all its applications using Triack instead of switches as it is claimed before in all claims from 1 to claim 22, we can illustrate one of its applications as described before, but with the use of Triacks instead of switch S and relays. Example in Fig. 3.

The upper end of coil (L2+ L3) connected with Triack TRI and TR1.

The lower end of coil (L2 + L3) connected with Triack TR2 and Thr each in series with a suitable resistance.

If the input volt is less than 220V V < 220 Volt TR1 is on - TRi is off also TR2 is on - TRr is off The induced e.m.f. in coil L, in a direction to add volt to the input voltage supply (assumption).

If the input volt is equal to 220V V=220volt TR1 is off in a S.C through a Triack TR1. (and its resistance) will be happened across the turns of coil (L2 + L3) - if the input volt is more than 220V V > 220V TR2 is off TRI. still on the induced e.m.f on coil L1 as (a, b, c, d, e, ...) each Triack with its series resistance connected with the input power supply (3) and transfer through the Triacks across the taps of coil L1 to give a suitable volt to the load L.

28. The improved voltage regulating transformer as it use a Triack instead of switches it can use another Triack in series with coil (L2+ L3) in Fig. 3 with the X ofthe coil 62 + L3) and before the Triack C TR1 and TR1. to adjust the volt to the load L without the help of Triacks connected in series with the taps of coil L1 (a, b, c, d, ) we can change the phase angle resistance to decrease the volt on coil (L2+ L3) and also the volt on coil L1 i.e. the ? volt can be adjusted and also the polarity of feeding points of + L3) to reverse the volt in the coil L1 to decrease the input also.