GB2283991A - Papermachine clothing - Google Patents

Papermachine clothing Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2283991A
GB2283991A GB9420963A GB9420963A GB2283991A GB 2283991 A GB2283991 A GB 2283991A GB 9420963 A GB9420963 A GB 9420963A GB 9420963 A GB9420963 A GB 9420963A GB 2283991 A GB2283991 A GB 2283991A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
reinforcing structure
papermachine clothing
papermachine
particles
clothing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9420963A
Other versions
GB2283991B (en
GB9420963D0 (en
Inventor
Ian Christison Sayers
Thomas Saunders
Andrew Allum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scapa Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Scapa Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB939323620A external-priority patent/GB9323620D0/en
Priority claimed from GB9414969A external-priority patent/GB9414969D0/en
Application filed by Scapa Group Ltd filed Critical Scapa Group Ltd
Priority to GB9420963A priority Critical patent/GB2283991B/en
Publication of GB9420963D0 publication Critical patent/GB9420963D0/en
Publication of GB2283991A publication Critical patent/GB2283991A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2283991B publication Critical patent/GB2283991B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1638—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being particulate
    • B01D39/1653—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being particulate of synthetic origin
    • B01D39/1661—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being particulate of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2027—Metallic material
    • B01D39/2031—Metallic material the material being particulate
    • B01D39/2034—Metallic material the material being particulate sintered or bonded by inorganic agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0063—Perforated sheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
    • B01D2239/0225—Side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
    • B01D2239/0428—Rendering the filter material hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0654—Support layers

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Papermachine clothing is made from a sheet of partially fused polymeric or other particles and may include a reinforcing structure embedded wholly within the sheet. Suitable polymers are polyethylene, polypropylene and polyurethane. Instead of a polymer, metal particles may be used. The reinforcement may be a woven or non-woven fabric, a mesh or chopped fibres and may comprise bonding or bicomponent fibres. A coating of fluoropolymer or of organically modified ceramic may be applied. The fused particles may be combined with a needled felt.

Description

PAPERMACH INE CLOTHING The present invention relates to papermachine clothing comprising partially fused particles.
A suitable particulate material can be partially fused by means of a high energy input to give a structure containing a multitude of interstices. When heated above their crystalline melting point, the particles do not fluidise, but adopt a viscoelastic form. The external shape of the individual particles is substantially retained so as to provide an array of contiguously dispersed neighbouring particles. Usually for the successful partial fusion of polymers ultra high molecular weight materials (UHMW) must be used, a typical molecular weight being 3 to 9 x 106 g/mol.
However, some materials such as polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane do not need to possess an ultra high molecular weight for successful partial fusion.
EP 0187967 describes papermachine clothing comprising a base cloth having a coating of a sintered product on one side thereof The sintered product does not cover both sides of the base fabric. The base fabric is thus finely engineered so as to avoid marking of the paper. Such fabrics are made using long and arduous preparation techniques.
According to the present invention there is provided papermachine clothing made from partially fused particles, but optionally comprising a reinforcing structure embedded wholly within the papermachine clothing.
The fabrics of the invention can be made much more quickly than those made by.the method of EP 0187967 and are thus relatively cheap to manufacture.
The particles are preferably polymeric, although other materials such as metals may be used.
This partially fused material exhibits greatly enhanced abrasion resistance. The machine side of the material may be grooved to increase the hydraulic differential between the paper face of the fabric and the press roll and to aid instalment of the fabric on the machine where the papermachine suction box surfaces are grooved.
Preferred polymers for partial particle fusion include polyalkenes such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer). One example polymer is the Hostalon GUR (trade mark of Hoechst AG) range of HUMW polyethylene having a molecular weight of 3.2 to 8 x 106 g/mol. Another example is the Goodrich product 58810 (TM) which has a shore hardness of 90.
A sheet of partially fused polymer may be prepared by evenly spreading the polymer powder into a layer of lmiform thickness of typically 3 to 4 mm and then heating the polymer.
The uniform polymer layer may be obtained by using a roller or blade. Alternatively the polymer powder may be moulded to the desired thickness. The layer of polymer is heated to say 2300C to 2400C for a time period in the order of 1.9 mins per mm of sheet thickness, allowing for shrinkage due to partial fusion forces. Continuous sheet production may involve distributing the powdered polymer onto a tensioned metal belt which passes through an oven where the belt is heated from above and underneath by IR heaters to facilitate partial fusion. The finished product may be mechanically treated, e.g. by grinding to give a smooth finish.
Some materials such as thermoplastic polyurethanes on being subjected to a high energy input partially fluidise and partially adopt a viscoelastic form as previously described so as to provide a partially fused product having superior toughness.
Other materials do not fluidise to a significant extent.
Such sheets of solely partially fused polymeric particles will have only one drawback in that each polymer particle is only bonded at its tangent. The force required to break these bonds will not be particularly great and therefore a partially fused sheet will readily shed polymeric particles when subjected to frictional or impact forces. A reinforcement structure may be embedded wholly within such materials. This may comprise fibres extending through the partially fused product. Alternatively the reinforcement may comprise a fabric such as a nonwoven fabric, a mesh fabric, a plain weave fabric or a random dispersion of chopped fibres.
Bonding or bicomponent fibres are preferred, the melting or softening point of which is greater than that of the polymeric particles. On a macro scale the fibres may be formed into yarns. The yarns may form a woven or nonwoven matrix.
An example bicomponent fibre is Danaklon ES-C (trade mark) which comprises a polyethylene core and a polypropylene sheath. The fibre has a high adhesion strength and a low bonding temperature of 135 to 1450C. An example bonding fibre is Dacron 134 (trade mark of DuPont) which is a polyethylene terephthalate fibre with a melting/softening point of 205 cC.
One particularly suitable fibre is polyamide 6, having a melting point of 235"C. A sheath core bicomponent fibre with a polyamide 6 sheath and polyamide 6:6 core may also be appropriate.
The permeability of the partially fused product may be improved by incorporating a blowing agent into the product during partial particle fusion or using a porous support medium (e.g. partially fused metal) to enable the partially fusible powder to be fluidised immediately prior to melt bonding.
The particles may be layered in different size fractions to produce a pyramidal porosity profile and, therefore, a permeability gradient. The partially fused sheet may be coated with fluoropolymers to give an improved wipe-clean, hydrophobic surface particularly advantageous for preventing re-wet of papermachine clothing and reducing fabric contamination. An ormocer (organically modified ceramic) coating would confer significant abrasion resistance, with back-flushing of air being employed at the point of lick-up during coating application to ensure the permeability of the structure is maintained.
A hybrid needled felt/partially fused particle surface may be formed by partially embedding polymer particles in the fibrous surface to act as a foundation for the final partially fused layer.
A further advantage of this method is the ease of addition of pigments, for example, a marking such as a bar may be incorporated to aid alignment of fabrics on machines and a logo can easily be incorporated.

Claims (13)

1. Papermachine clothing made from partially fused particles, but optionally comprising a reinforcing structure embedded wholly within the papermachine clothing.
2. Papermachine clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said particles are polymeric.
3. Papermachine clothing as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the particles comprise a polyalkene, polyurethane or EPDM.
4. Papermachine clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said particles comprise a metal.
5. Papermachine clothing as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the side of the clothing operative to be located on the papermachine comprises grooves.
6. Papermachine clothing comprising the said reinforcing structure as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises fibres extending through the mass of partially fused particles.
7. Papermachine clothing comprising the said reinforcing structure as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises a fabric.
8. Papermachine clothing comprising the said reinforcing structure, as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises a random dispersion of chopped fibres.
9. Papermachine clothing comprising the reinforcing structure as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises fibres having a melting or softening point which is greater than that of said partially fused particles.
10. Papermachine clothing comprising the reinforcing structure as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises bonding or bicomponent fibres.
11. Papermachine clothing as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the partially fused particles are layered in different size fractions.
12. Papermachine clothing as claimed in any preceding claim, having a fluoropolymer coating thereon.
13. Papermachine clothing as claimed in any preceding claim, having an ormocer coating thereon.
GB9420963A 1993-11-16 1994-10-18 Papermachine clothing Expired - Fee Related GB2283991B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9420963A GB2283991B (en) 1993-11-16 1994-10-18 Papermachine clothing

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939323620A GB9323620D0 (en) 1993-11-16 1993-11-16 Partial particle fusion
GB9414969A GB9414969D0 (en) 1994-07-26 1994-07-26 Papermachine clothing
GB9420963A GB2283991B (en) 1993-11-16 1994-10-18 Papermachine clothing

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9420963D0 GB9420963D0 (en) 1994-12-07
GB2283991A true GB2283991A (en) 1995-05-24
GB2283991B GB2283991B (en) 1997-05-21

Family

ID=27266935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9420963A Expired - Fee Related GB2283991B (en) 1993-11-16 1994-10-18 Papermachine clothing

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2283991B (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2324543A (en) * 1997-04-23 1998-10-28 Scapa Group Plc Belt with edge reinforcements.
WO2000036213A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Paper machine substrates resistant to contamination by adhesive materials
GB2346387A (en) * 1999-02-03 2000-08-09 Scapa Group Plc Transfer fabric with reinforcing structure encapsulated in polymer matrix
US6638579B2 (en) 1999-12-15 2003-10-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process of making paper machine substrates resistant to contamination by adhesive materials
EP1629953A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-01 Voith Fabrics Patent GmbH Method for producing a web structure
EP2088236A3 (en) * 2008-02-08 2012-06-27 Voith Patent GmbH Clothing for use in machines to manufacture material webs in the form of paper, cardboard or tissue webs and method of manufacturing paper machine clothing
US11752688B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2023-09-12 Structured I, Llc Manufacturing process for papermaking belts using 3D printing technology

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883905A (en) * 1958-01-02 1961-12-06 Portals Ltd Papermaking apparatus and processes employing improved drainage supports
GB1090877A (en) * 1963-09-20 1967-11-15 Little Inc A Method and apparatus for removing liquids from fibrous articles
EP0187967A2 (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-23 Albany International Corp. Papermakers wet-press felt and method of manufacture
EP0342171A2 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-15 Albany International Corp. Method for depositing particles and a binder system on a base fabric

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883905A (en) * 1958-01-02 1961-12-06 Portals Ltd Papermaking apparatus and processes employing improved drainage supports
GB1090877A (en) * 1963-09-20 1967-11-15 Little Inc A Method and apparatus for removing liquids from fibrous articles
EP0187967A2 (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-23 Albany International Corp. Papermakers wet-press felt and method of manufacture
EP0342171A2 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-15 Albany International Corp. Method for depositing particles and a binder system on a base fabric

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2324543A (en) * 1997-04-23 1998-10-28 Scapa Group Plc Belt with edge reinforcements.
WO2000036213A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Paper machine substrates resistant to contamination by adhesive materials
US6455447B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2002-09-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Paper machine substrates resistant to contamination by adhesive materials
GB2346387A (en) * 1999-02-03 2000-08-09 Scapa Group Plc Transfer fabric with reinforcing structure encapsulated in polymer matrix
GB2346387B (en) * 1999-02-03 2002-12-11 Scapa Group Plc Transfer fabric
US6638579B2 (en) 1999-12-15 2003-10-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process of making paper machine substrates resistant to contamination by adhesive materials
EP1629953A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-01 Voith Fabrics Patent GmbH Method for producing a web structure
EP2088236A3 (en) * 2008-02-08 2012-06-27 Voith Patent GmbH Clothing for use in machines to manufacture material webs in the form of paper, cardboard or tissue webs and method of manufacturing paper machine clothing
US11752688B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2023-09-12 Structured I, Llc Manufacturing process for papermaking belts using 3D printing technology

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2283991B (en) 1997-05-21
GB9420963D0 (en) 1994-12-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20031018