GB2266563A - Injector system. - Google Patents
Injector system. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2266563A GB2266563A GB9307386A GB9307386A GB2266563A GB 2266563 A GB2266563 A GB 2266563A GB 9307386 A GB9307386 A GB 9307386A GB 9307386 A GB9307386 A GB 9307386A GB 2266563 A GB2266563 A GB 2266563A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- injector
- cylinder
- injector system
- pump assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L25/00—Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means
- F01L25/08—Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means by electric or magnetic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/12—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being elastic, e.g. steam or air
- F04B9/123—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being elastic, e.g. steam or air having only one pumping chamber
- F04B9/125—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being elastic, e.g. steam or air having only one pumping chamber reciprocating movement of the pumping member being obtained by a double-acting elastic-fluid motor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F11/00—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it
- G01F11/02—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement
- G01F11/021—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement of the piston type
- G01F11/029—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement of the piston type provided with electric controlling means
Abstract
An injector system (1) for injecting liquid into a particulate material comprises an injector needle (10), a liquid supply tank (12) and a pump assembly (14). The pump assembly (14) includes a pneumatic cylinder (18) a liquid pump cylinder (20) and a piston (22) driven by a pneumatic drive arrangement. A controlled air supply (24) is provided with flow lines (28) (30) (32) for directing the air. An operator control valve (34) and operating button (36) is located on the injector needle 10. The injector needle 10 is inserted into a container containing a particulate material. In use, the operator control valve (34) is opened to allow air to operate the pump assembly (14) to cause liquid to enter the cylinder (20). The control valves (26) then switch over resulting in the liquid being fed along a feed line (50) towards the injector needle (10). The liquid exits through the injector needle into the particulate material. Once the liquid has been injected a full cycle has been completed and the injector system (1) may be used again by resetting the operating button (36) on the operator control valve (34). <IMAGE>
Description
"Injector System"
This invention relates to an injector system for injecting a liquid into a particulate material located in a container, especially but not exclusively for injecting fuel oil into ammonium nitrate explosives containers.
Ammonium nitrate fuel oil based explosives are used in a number of blasting applications. In one such application the AN-FO material is used in containers, such as disclosed in the patent GB2186954, in wet hole and dry hole blasting applications. The container is either filled with an AN-FO mixture prior to use or stored with a quantity of ammonium nitrate and activated with the addition of fuel oil through a hole at the top of the container.
However, when the fuel oil requires to be added to the ammonium nitrate-filled container the process of manually injecting the fuel oil into the container proves both time consuming and inaccurate. The time factor is especially problematic where a large number of containers require to be injected with fuel oil.
An object of the present invention is to provide a quick and accurate system for injecting fuel oil into ammonium nitrate-filled containers.
According to the present invention there is provided an injector system for use in injecting a liquid into a particulate material comprising an injector needle, a liquid supply, a pump assembly arranged to receive liquid from the liquid supply and to deliver liquid under pressure to the injector needle and control means operable to cause the pump assembly to deliver a predetermined volume of liquid to the injector needle.
Preferably, the pump assembly includes a piston and cylinder of known swept volume which operates through one cycle to deliver said predetermined volume.
The pump assembly may include a pneumatic cylinder and a pump cylinder with the piston being driven between the two cylinders.
The pump assembly may alternatively include a cylinder separated into two sections by a sealed unit and a double-ended piston with each end of the double-ended piston being located in a respective section of the cylinder and connected by a piston rod extending through the sealed unit.
Preferably, the pump assembly is driven by a pneumatic drive arrangement.
Preferably, the pneumatic drive assembly comprises an air supply and at least one control valve.
Preferably, the injector needle is ported to ensure an even distribution of liquid over the particulate material in use.
Preferably, the particulate material is contained within a container which is provided with means to allow access of the injector needle.
A slave cylinder may be connected to the pump assembly for regulating the volume of liquid to be delivered to the injector needle.
Preferably, a manually operable adjuster is located within the slave cylinder providing a means for regulating the volume of liquid to be delivered to the injector needle.
Preferably, the particulate material is ammonium nitrate and the liquid to be injected is fuel oil.
The injector system may incorporate a fixed frame multi-needle head sequentially controlled to facilitate injector of a large number of containers at a time.
The injector system may be fitted to an existing site compressor or may alternatively be an independent unit with its own air and fuel supply.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of
the injector system in accordance with the present
invention, and
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of
the injector system.
Referring to Fig. 1, which shows a first embodiment of an injector system 1, the injector system 1 includes an injector needle 10, a liquid supply in the form of a fuel tank 12 and a pump assembly 14 connected to the fuel tank 12 by way of a feed line 16. The liquid to be transported to the pump assembly 14 is fuel oil. The pump assembly 14 includes a pneumatic cylinder 18, a fuel pump cylinder 20 and a piston 22 driven between the pneumatic cylinder 18 and the fuel pump cylinder 20 by a pneumatic drive arrangement.
A regulated air supply 24 is provided with control valves 26 determining to which part(s) of the pump assembly 14 the air is to be directed. Flow lines 28, 30 direct the air from the control valves 26 to the pneumatic cylinder 18 and flow line 32 directs the air from the control valves 26 to the fuel pump cylinder 20.
An operator control valve 34 is located at the top of the injector needle 10. Attached to the operator control valve 34 is an operating button 36 encased in a protective covering 38 to prevent accidental,operation of the injector system 1. The injector needle 10 is inserted into a container (not shown) containing a particulate material. The container is an explosives container and the particulate material is ammonium nitrate. The injector needle 10 is provided with ports 40 to provide a good fuel distribution over the ammonium nitrate.
In use, the operating button 36 is depressed to open the operator control valve 34. An air feed line 42 connects the control valves 26 and the operator control valve 34.
Low pressure air travels along the air feed line 42 and out through the operator control valve 34. This allows the control valves 26 to be opened. Air, under pressure, is directed from the air supply 24 and through the control valves 26. The air then travels along the flow line 30 into a lower part of the pneumatic cylinder 18.
The air pressure in the pneumatic cylinder 18 forces the piston 22 to move in an upward direction. The end of the piston in the fuel pump cylinder 20 is also forced upwards allowing a predetermined quantity of fuel oil to enter into the fuel pump cylinder 20. The fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 12 and travels along the feed line 16 through a non-return valve 44 and into a lower part of the fuel pump cylinder 20. A visual measure indicator 46 is provided on the feed line 16 allowing the operator to monitor the correct function of the injector system 1.
Once the predetermined quantity of fuel has entered the fuel pump cylinder 20 the control valves 26 switch over such that air, supplied from the regulated air supply 24, is transferred along the flow lines 28, 32 into upper parts of the pneumatic cylinder 18 and fuel pump cylinder 20 respectively. The air pressure in pneumatic cylinder 18 and the fuel pump cylinder 20 forces the pneumatically driven piston 22 in a downward direction which results in the predetermined quantity of fuel being forced out of the fuel pump cylinder 20, through a non-return valve 48 and along a fuel feed line 50 towards the injector needle 10. The fuel exits through the injector needle, which is inserted into the container, by way of the ports 40 which provide an even distribution of the fuel over the ammonium nitrate.
Once the fuel has been injected into the container a full cycle has been completed and the injector system 1 may be used again by resetting the operating button 36 on the operator control valve 34.
In Fig. 2, which shows a second embodiment of the injector system 1, the pump assembly 14 includes a single cylinder 52 separated into two sections 53A, 53B by a sealed unit 54 and a double-ended piston 56 located in each section 53A, 53B and connected by a piston rod 58 which extends through a sealed unit 54.
A slave cylinder 60 is connected to an upper section 53A of the pump assembly 14 and includes a piston 62 and piston rod 64. Attached to the slave cylinder 60 is a narrower screw-on cylinder 66 defined by a bore 68 along which the piston rod 64 can pass. Located in the bore 68 is an adjuster 70 in the form of a manually operable grub screw. The position of the grub screw 70 determines how far along the bore 68 the piston rod 64 may pass. This consequently determines the extent to which the piston 62 moves along the slave cylinder 60.
The fuel tank 12 supplies fuel to the upper section 53A along the feed line 16 and is prevented from returning to the fuel tank 12 by way of the non-return valve 44. The regulated air supply 24 supplies air to a valve assembly 72. From the valve assembly 72 an air flow line 74 directs air to an area 75A between the double-ended piston 56 and the base of the cylinder 52 in the lower section 53B and an area 75B between the double-ended piston 56 and the sealed unit 54 in the upper section 53A. An air flow line 76 also directs air from the valve assembly 72 to an area 77A between the sealed unit 54 and the double-ended piston 56 in the lower section 53B and to an area 77B below the piston 62 in the slave cylinder 60.
In use, air from the regulated air supply 24 transfers air through the valve assembly 72 and along the air flow line 76 into the area 77A in the lower section 53B of the cylinder 52 and into the area 77B in the salve cylinder 60. The air pressure in the area 77A forces the double-ended piston 56 to move downwards and the air pressure in the area 77B forces the piston 62 in an upward direction. Fuel, located above the piston 62 in the slave cylinder 62 is forced into the upper section 53A of the cylinder 52 above the double-ended piston 56.
The double-ended piston 56 is forced downwards by the air pressure in the lower section 53B and the pressure of the fuel in the upper section 53A. As the double-ended piston 56 is being forced downwards air in the area 75A is forced out through an air port 78, along the air flow line 74 and back to the valve assembly 72. The air is then exhausted from the valve assembly 72 along an air exhaust flow line 80 towards an operator pilot valve 82.
Entry of the air into the operator pilot valve 82 forces the direction of the operator pilot valve 82 to be switched over and thus closing off the fuel feed line 50 from the operator pilot valve 82. The air is then flushed through the operator pilot valve 82 and out through the injector needle 10.
As the double-ended piston 56 is being forced down fuel from the fuel tank 12 enters the upper section 53A of the cylinder from the feed line 16. As the double-ended piston 56 in the lower section 53B approaches the base of the cylinder 52 a signal is actuated from a signal box 84 and is transferred along a signal line 86 to the valve assembly 72. This signal switches the valve assembly 72 over such that the air supply is now transferred along the air flow line 74 into the area 75A between the double-ended piston 56 and the base of the cylinder 52 in the lower section 53B and into the area 75B between the double-ended piston 56 and the sealed unit 54 in the upper section 53A. The switching over of the valve assembly 72 also shuts off the opening for the air exhaust flow line 80.
The air pressure in the areas 75A, 75B forces the double-ended piston 56 to move in an upward direction.
This forces the fuel into the slave cylinder 60 and as more fuel enters the slave cylinder 60 the pressure of the fuel forces the piston 62 to move in a downward direction until the piston rod 64 is abutted against the grub screw 70 in the bore 68. The amount of fuel remaining in the upper section 53A is predetermined by the difference in volume capacity between the upper section 53A and the slave cylinder 60. This predetermined amount of fuel then exits from the upper section 53A and is directed along the fuel feed line 50 towards the operator pilot valve 82. As the pressure of the air inside the cylinder 52 forces the double-ended piston 56 in an upward direction air is exhausted out of an air exhaust port 88 back down the air flow line 76 to the valve assembly 72 and out through the pilot valve assembly 72 into the atmosphere.
The operating button 36 is attached to the operator pilot valve 82 and this is pressed to switch over the position of the operator pilot valve 82. This results in the air exhaust flow line 80 being closed off and the fuel in the fuel feed line 50 passing through the operator pilot valve 82. A predetermined quantity of fuel is passed through the injector needle 10 which is inserted in the container. Ports 40 in the injector needle 10 allow the fuel to be evenly distributed over the ammonium nitrate
As the double-ended piston 56 is forced towards the top of the lower section 53B a signal from a second signal box 90 is transferred along a signal line 92 to the valve assembly 72. This switches the valve assembly 72 back to its original position for the cycle to be started again.
The grub screw 70 may be manually adjusted along the bore 68. Adjustment of the grub screw 70 adjusts the volume of fuel accessible to the slave cylinder 60 which consequently allows the volume of fuel passing through the injector needle 10 to be varied.
The injector system 1 allows fuel to be injected into containers of ammonium nitrate in a quick and accurate manner. The ports 40 in the injector needle 10 provide an even distribution over the ammonium nitrate and the system 1 is especially effective where a large number of containers require to be filled. The presence of the slave cylinder 60 and the grub screw 70 allow quick and accurate changes of the measured quantities of fuel to be supplied.
The action of flushing air through the system under pressure and out of the injector needle subsequent to the fuel injection assists in the mixing of the fuel oil and the ammonium nitrate.
Modifications and improvements may be incorporated without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, the injector system 1 may incorporate a fixed frame multi-needle head sequentially controlled to facilitate the injection of a large number of containers at a time.
The injector system 1 may be fitted to an existing site compressor, or as an independent unit with its own air and fuel supply.
Claims (12)
1 An injector system for use in injecting a liquid into a particulate material comprising an injector needle, a liquid supply, a pump assembly arranged to receive liquid from the liquid supply and to deliver liquid under pressure to the injector needle and control means operable to cause the pump assembly to deliver a predetermined volume of liquid to the injector needle.
2 An injector system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the pump assembly includes a piston and cylinder of known swept volume which operates through one cycle to deliver said predetermined volume.
3 An injector system as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the pump assembly includes a pneumatic cylinder and a pump cylinder with the piston being driven between the two cylinders.
4 An injector system as claimed in Claim 2 1wherein the cylinder is separated into two sections by a sealed unit and a double-ended piston with each end of the double-ended piston being located in a respective section of the cylinder and connected by a piston rod extending through the sealed unit.
5 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pump assembly is driven by a pneumatic drive arrangement.
6 An injector system as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the pneumatic drive arrangement comprises an air supply and at least one control valve
7 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the injector needle is ported to ensure an even distribution of liquid over the particulate material in use.
8 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particulate material is contained within a container which is provided with means to allow access of the injector needle.
9 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, where a slave cylinder is connected to the pump assembly for regulating the volume of liquid to be delivered to the injector needle.
10 An injector system as claimed in Claim 9, wherein a manually operable adjuster is located within the slave cylinder providing a means for regulating the volume of liquid to be delivered to the injector needle.
11 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the particulate material is ammonium nitrate and the liquid to be injected is fuel oil.
12 An injector system as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the injector system incorporates a fixed frame multi-needle head sequentially controlled to facilitate injection of liquid into a plurality of discrete containers of particular material at the same time.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB929207703A GB9207703D0 (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1992-04-08 | Injector system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9307386D0 GB9307386D0 (en) | 1993-06-02 |
| GB2266563A true GB2266563A (en) | 1993-11-03 |
Family
ID=10713675
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB929207703A Pending GB9207703D0 (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1992-04-08 | Injector system |
| GB9307386A Withdrawn GB2266563A (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1993-04-08 | Injector system. |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB929207703A Pending GB9207703D0 (en) | 1992-04-08 | 1992-04-08 | Injector system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9207703D0 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1868427A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2007-12-26 | Delaval Holding AB | An arrangement for supplying a liquid medium to a teat of an animal |
| ITMI20091408A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-04 | Pirovano S R L | CYLINDER FOR THE TRANSPORT OF FLUIDS |
| JP2012017952A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-26 | Nof Corp | Feed mechanism of explosive |
| CN103940307A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 杨世梁 | Blasting method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1417939A (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1975-12-17 | Branch W C | Liquid dispenser |
| GB2137286A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-10-03 | Coal Ind | Variable displacement pump |
| US4826050A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1989-05-02 | Murphy Allan P | Spraying and dosing apparatus |
| GB2229773A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-10-03 | Jr Howard William Cole | Apparatus and method for providing a controlled flow of foam |
| GB2231624A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-11-21 | Sous Chef Ltd | Metering food supply |
-
1992
- 1992-04-08 GB GB929207703A patent/GB9207703D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-04-08 GB GB9307386A patent/GB2266563A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1417939A (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1975-12-17 | Branch W C | Liquid dispenser |
| GB2137286A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1984-10-03 | Coal Ind | Variable displacement pump |
| US4826050A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1989-05-02 | Murphy Allan P | Spraying and dosing apparatus |
| GB2229773A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-10-03 | Jr Howard William Cole | Apparatus and method for providing a controlled flow of foam |
| GB2231624A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-11-21 | Sous Chef Ltd | Metering food supply |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1868427A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2007-12-26 | Delaval Holding AB | An arrangement for supplying a liquid medium to a teat of an animal |
| EP1868427A4 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2010-11-17 | Delaval Holding Ab | An arrangement for supplying a liquid medium to a teat of an animal |
| ITMI20091408A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-04 | Pirovano S R L | CYLINDER FOR THE TRANSPORT OF FLUIDS |
| EP2284501A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-16 | Pirovano S.r.l. | Fluid transport cylinder |
| JP2012017952A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-26 | Nof Corp | Feed mechanism of explosive |
| CN103940307A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 杨世梁 | Blasting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9307386D0 (en) | 1993-06-02 |
| GB9207703D0 (en) | 1992-05-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |