GB2248760A - Stabilization of silage - Google Patents
Stabilization of silage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2248760A GB2248760A GB9017286A GB9017286A GB2248760A GB 2248760 A GB2248760 A GB 2248760A GB 9017286 A GB9017286 A GB 9017286A GB 9017286 A GB9017286 A GB 9017286A GB 2248760 A GB2248760 A GB 2248760A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- silage
- cinnamic acid
- crop
- trans
- bacteria
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000191996 Pediococcus pentosaceus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-N trans-cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000286779 Hansenula anomala Species 0.000 description 23
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000192001 Pediococcus Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960005190 phenylalanine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 241000235645 Pichia kudriavzevii Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000223253 Rhodotorula glutinis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223254 Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000001449 Tephrosia candida Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004118 Ammonia-Lyases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000673 Ammonia-Lyases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010062877 Bacteriocins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006000 Garlic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014683 Hansenula anomala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000199866 Lactobacillus casei Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013958 Lactobacillus casei Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000985513 Penicillium oxalicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001851 cinnamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020706 garlic extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940017800 lactobacillus casei Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/41—Pediococcus
- A23V2400/427—Pentosaceus
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The stability of silage is increased by minimizing deterioration in the presence of air. This is achieved by inhibiting the growth of some yeast species using silage fermenting bacteria (such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus) in combination with cinnamic acid or a compound derived from or related to cinnamic acid.
Description
STABILIZATION OF SILAGE
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to the stabilization of silage.
Silage is produced under anaerobic conditions, but becomes exposed to air when used as cattle feed. The aerobic environment permits growth of yeast species, and secondary fermentation by these organisms results in losses of dry matter. It is therefore desirable to eliminate or minimise such losses.
Several strategies exist for achieving this, but all have disadvantages. Acrylic acid is effective at application rates of greater than 0.25% of fresh crop weights (Wilson, R.F., M.K. Woolford, J.E. Cook and
J.M. Wilkinson (1979) "Acrylic acid and sodium acrylate as additives for silage" J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 92, 402-415) but although it is non-corrosive, nonvolatile, and does not result in metabolic problems in cattle, it is expensive. Propionic acid is effective only at high application rates. Formic acid, is less expensive, but is hazardous, corrosive and volatile with a pungent odour, which results in lower animal uptake.
Various compounds produced by microorganisms have antimicrobial activity. Silage fermenting bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Pediococcus are known to produce antimicrobial compounds which inhibit growth of bacteria and in some cases fungi, which allow them to compete more effectively in certain environments (Klaenhammer, T.R. (1988) "Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria" Biochimie 70, 337-349 and Fleming, H.P.,
J.L. Etchells and R.N. Costilow (1975) "Microbial inhibition of an isolate of Pediococcus from cucumber brine" Appl. Environ. Microbiology 30, 1040-1042). The production of an antifungal compound active against
Penicillium oxalicum by Lactobacillus has also been described (EP 0 302 300 A2).
Cinnamic acid and its derivatives have been shown to have anti fungal activities (Ramanan, P.H. and
M.N.A. Lao (1987) "Antimicrobial activity of cinnamic acid derivatives" Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 25, 42-43). Low concentrations of trans-cinnamic acid (g-phenyl acrylic acid) are metabolised by yeasts possessing the enzyme phenyl ammonia lyase (PAL) to phenylalanine, but higher concentrations inhibit the enzyme. Some yeasts decarboxylate cinnamic acid to styrene.
EP-A-0 302 300 discloses a process for producing fungal inhibiting compounds which inhibit yeast and mold and which are referred to as "FIC". In this process live cells of a Lactobacillus species, e.g.
Lactobacillus casei var. rhamnosus NRRL-B-15972, are incubated in a nutrient medium containing growth factors present in cysteine, garlic extract, milk, whey, yeast, yeast extract, molasses or protein digest, a protein source and a carbon source. Cinnamic acid can be added to the nutrient medium to stimulate production of the FIC. After growth of the cells on the nutrient medium the FIC products are recovered, preferably after eliminating most of the live cells.
The recovered FIC can then be dried, lyophilized or frozen prior to use. Application of the FIC to silage is disclosed to prevent infection by mold and yeasts.
The present invention is based on the discovery of a synergistic inhibitory effect on yeast growth resulting from application of silage fermenting bacteria together with cinnamic acid or a compound derived from or related to cinnamic acid. The bacteria alone produce little or no detectable inhibitory compounds against the organisms tested.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the production of silage which comprises applying to a silage crop or to ensiled matter a culture of live silage fermenting bacteria and an effective amount of cinnamic acid or a compound derived from or related to cinnamic acid, and thereafter storing the resulting treated crop under anaerobic conditions. Preferably, the invention employs trans-cinnamic acid. The silage fermenting bacteria and the trans-cinnamic acid or other compound can be applied separately to the silage crop. However it will usually be more convenient to supply such bacteria and the trans-cinnamic acid in a mixture one with another, e.g., in the form of a water-based spray.
Application of the bacteria and of the trans-cinnamic acid may be effected whilst the silage crop is still standing, conveniently during harvest, after it has been cut, prior to ensilage or during ensilage.
Preferably the amount of trans-cinnamic acid used is sufficient to inhibit significantly growth of yeasts.
Typically the amount used corresponds to at least about 0.05% by weight of the fresh silage crop up to about 0.1% by weight. Often it suffices to use about 0.01% by weight of the fresh silage crop, equivalent to about 20 g/t dry matter. Following application of the silage producing bacteria and of the trans-cinnamic acid the treated silage crop is then stored under conventional anaerobic conditions to produce silage. The quantity of bacteria applied per unit weight of fresh silage crop is within conventional limits, for example, from about 1 x 105 colony forming units/g fresh weight of crop to about 1 x 106 colony forming units/g fresh weight of crop.
In experimental work related to the invention,
Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaeceus, bacteria used in the silage inoculant 'Premier' (Bamber
Feeds, Preston U.K.), were grown on MRS agar medium (De- Man, J.C., M. Rogosa and M.E. Sharpe. (1960) "A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli" Appl.
Bacteriol. 23, 130-135) for 24 hours at 37oC. The live bacterial cells were then overlaid with malt extract agar containing approximately 105 yeast organisms per millilitre. After incubation at 300C for 18 hours, clear zones around the bacterial growth indicated inhibition of the yeast; the diameter of the zone gives an indication of the potency of the inhibition.
MRS agar supplemented with 0.01% trans-cinnamic acid, 0.01% sodium propionate or 0.01% D-L phenylalanine was prepared and employed as described above. The results are shown in Table 1, 2 and 3 below. The use of trans-cinnamic acid and L. plantarum or P. pentosaeceus effectively inhibited growth of the yeasts, Hansenula anomala, Candida krusei,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulopsis candida,
Rhodotorula mucilaqinosa, Rhodotorula glutinis and an unidentified yeast isolated from silage undergoing aerobic deterioration.
In all of Tables 1, 2 & 3:
Numbers indicate size of zone of inhibition (mm).
N indicates no inhibition.
0 indicates inhibition of yeast growing directly above bacterial growth but no measurable zone.
Table 1 The inhibition of yeast strains by Pediococcus pentosaceus1 grown on agar supplemented with 0.01% (w/v) trans-cinnamic acid, 0.01% (w/v) sodium propionate or 0.01% (w/v) D-L phenylalanine
Trans
Inhibited Sodium Cinnamic Phenyl
Organism Control Propionate Acid alanine
R. glutinis 1 2 6 1
R. mucilaginosa
NCYC 1659 4 3 11 1.5
NCYC 1660 2 1 9 4
T. candida 2 2 7 1
H. anomala N 0 4 0
C. krusei N 0 3 0
S. cerevisiae N N 2 N
SG32 1 2 5 2 1 indicates strain isolated from silage inoculant 'Premier'.
2 indicates SG3 is a yeast isolated from silage
fermentation undergoing aerobic deterioration.
Table 2 The inhibition of yeast strains by
Lactobacillus plantarum strain AB11 grown on agar supplemented with 0.01% (w/v) trans-cinnamic acid, 0.01% (w/v) sodium propionate or 0.01% (w/v) D-L phenylalanine
Trans
Inhibited Sodium Cinnamic Phenyl
Organism Control Propionate Acid alanine
R. qlutinis 5 3 10 2
R. mucilaginosa
NCYC 1659 4 4 12 3
NCYC 1660 2 2 9 3
T. candida 2 4 6 3
H. anomala 2 3 6 1
C. krusei N 0 5 0
S. cerevisiae N N 3 N
SG32 2 3 7 2 1 indicates strain AB1 is the organism isolated from
silage inoculant 'Premier'.
2 indicates SG3 is a yeast isolated from silage
fermentation undergoing aerobic deterioration.
Table 3 The inhibition of yeast strains by Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus plantarum1 grown on agar supplemented with 0.01% (w/v) trans-cinnamic acid, 0.01% (w/v) sodium propionate or 0.01% (w/v)
D-L phenylalanine
Trans
Inhibited Sodium Cinnamic Phenyl
Organism Control Propionate Acid alanine
R. glutinis 5 4 9 2
H. anomala 2 2 6 1
C. krusei N N 1 N
S. cerevisiae N N 2 N
SG32 1 2 7 2 1 indicates both organisms components of silage
inoculant 'Premier'.
2 indicates SG3 is a yeast isolated from silage
fermentation undergoing aerobic deterioration.
The organisms omitted from this table, but included in Tables 1 and 2 were not tested under these conditions.
The invention can thus be carried into effect by the use of trans-cinnamic acid at 0.01% of fresh crop weight in combination with bacterial silage inoculants, including strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and
Pediococcus pentosauceus. The silage crop is sprayed with a mixture of silage fermenting bacteria at standard application rates and trans-cinnamic acid at the above concentration during harvest or prior to ensilage.
Claims (6)
1. A process for the production of silage comprising the steps of applying to a silage crop or ensiled matter live silage fermenting bacteria and an effective amount of cinnamic acid or a compound derived from or related to cinnamic acid, and storing the treated crop under anaerobic conditions.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 comprising spraying the silage crop or ensiled matter with a mixture of the bacteria and the cinnamic acid or the compound derived from or related thereto.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the bacteria comprises Lactobacillus plantarum or
Pediococcus pentosaceus.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein trans-cinnamic acid is employed.
5. A process as claimed in claim 4 wherein the trans-cinnamic acid is at 0.01% of fresh crop weight.
6. A process for the production of silage substantially as herein described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9017286A GB2248760A (en) | 1990-08-07 | 1990-08-07 | Stabilization of silage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9017286A GB2248760A (en) | 1990-08-07 | 1990-08-07 | Stabilization of silage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9017286D0 GB9017286D0 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
| GB2248760A true GB2248760A (en) | 1992-04-22 |
Family
ID=10680278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9017286A Withdrawn GB2248760A (en) | 1990-08-07 | 1990-08-07 | Stabilization of silage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2248760A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2310124A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-20 | Biotal Ltd | Microorganisms and their use in treating animal feed and silage |
| WO2006007395A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-19 | Lallemand Animal Nutrition North America | Treatment of silage with lactobacillus diolivorans |
| CN102550831A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业大学 | Application of cinnamic acid to preparation of product for improving growth performance of livestock and poultry |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114521613A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 贵州省草地技术试验推广站 | Method for improving quality of whole-plant corn straw silage |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0302300A2 (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-02-08 | Microlife Technics, Inc. | Process for producing novel yeast and mold inhibiting products |
-
1990
- 1990-08-07 GB GB9017286A patent/GB2248760A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0302300A2 (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-02-08 | Microlife Technics, Inc. | Process for producing novel yeast and mold inhibiting products |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2310124A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-20 | Biotal Ltd | Microorganisms and their use in treating animal feed and silage |
| GB2310124B (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1998-01-28 | Biotal Ltd | Microorganisms and their use in treating animal feed and silage |
| WO2006007395A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-19 | Lallemand Animal Nutrition North America | Treatment of silage with lactobacillus diolivorans |
| CN102550831A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-07-11 | 中国农业大学 | Application of cinnamic acid to preparation of product for improving growth performance of livestock and poultry |
| CN102550831B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2015-12-02 | 中国农业大学 | Cinnamic acid improves the application in the product of growth of animals or poultry performance in preparation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9017286D0 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0880323B1 (en) | Microorganisms and their use in treating animal feed and silage | |
| Woolford | Microbiological screening of the straight chain fatty acids (C1‐C12) as potential silage additives | |
| Pahlow et al. | Microbiology of ensiling | |
| Weinberg et al. | The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and L. plantarum, applied at ensiling, on the ensiling fermentation and aerobic stability of wheat and sorghum silages | |
| US4981705A (en) | Bacterial treatment to preserve silage | |
| CA1301060C (en) | Bacterial treatment to preserve hay quality by addition of microorganisms of the genus bacillus | |
| US20080138461A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN1297 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| US20070231311A1 (en) | Method for preserving grain by-products | |
| US20080138463A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN5689 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| US20080138462A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN5665 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| US20090028993A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN1326 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| US20090028992A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN1286 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| US20090028991A1 (en) | Lactobacillus buchneri strain LN1284 and its use to improve aerobic stability of silage | |
| EP0455364B1 (en) | Selective medium for propionibacterium growth | |
| US6054148A (en) | Method and compositions for ensiling silage | |
| JP2886285B2 (en) | Control of mold in feed | |
| US6489158B1 (en) | Non-lactate-assimilating yeast for improving aerobic stability of silage | |
| Woolford | Antimicrobial effects of mineral acids, organic acids, salts and sterilizing agents in relation to their potential as silage additives. | |
| GB2248760A (en) | Stabilization of silage | |
| Shockey et al. | Effect of salt on fermentation of alfalfa. 2. Treatment with sodium chloride, clostridium butyricum, and lactic acid bacteria | |
| GB2310124A (en) | Microorganisms and their use in treating animal feed and silage | |
| Lindgren | Storage of waste products for animal feed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |