GB2226178A

GB2226178A - Magnetic disk pack with a servo recording surface

Info

Publication number: GB2226178A
Application number: GB8909426A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Yoshitaka Ohno
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 1988-12-05
Filing date: 1989-04-25
Publication date: 1990-06-20
Anticipated expiration: 2009-04-25
Also published as: GB8909426D0; JPH02154361A; DE3940058A1; US5047880A; GB2226178B

Abstract

Index patterns on a magnetic disk pack are disclosed. The disk pack includes a plurality of coaxially stacked magnetic disks on one of which is formed a servo recording surface for generating a servo positioning signal. The servo tracks on the servo recording surface include an index pattern consisting of missing pairs of dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered serve tracks; the index is formed at a starting and ending position of the tracks to mark the circumferential position thereof. In the index pattern, at least three non-missing dibit pairs are interposed between adjacent missing dibit pairs. The examples of the index pattern are: 011110, 0111110, 01111110, etc., in which four, five, or six 1's (representing the non-missing dibit pairs) are inserted between two 0's (representing missing dibit pairs). This organization of the index pattern is effective in reducing the adverse effects of the missing dibits in the index pattern upon the radial position signal obtained from the dibits on the serve tracks. …<IMAGE>…

Description

11 i 1

8965 MAGNETIC DISK PACK WITH A SERVO RECORDING SURFACE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to interchangeable packs of coaxially stacked magnetic disks which are utilized in information processing systems, and more particularly to an improvement in the index pattern on the servo recording surface which is formed on one of the magnetic disks of such packs.

In information processing systems, interchangeable magneticdisk packs are in wide use. These disk packs consist of a plurality of coaxiallY stacked magnetic disks which are rotatably accomodated in a housing; data are recorded on the cocentric tracks formed on the data recording surfaces formed on the magnetic disks. The disks in the pack are rotated together when information is written into or read out from the data recording surfaces of the disks. A servo recording surface is formed on one of the disks of a pack for the positioning of the read/write head relative to the data recording tracks on the data recording surfaces of the disks. The servo recording surface comprises concentric servo tracks on which regular pattern of positive and negative bits are recorded; more precisely, on the odd numbered tracks are recorded, for example, positve dibits (i.e. a pair of succeeding positive and negative pulses) at a predetermined fixed circumferential spacing, while on the even numbered tracks are recorded negative dibits (i.e. a pair of succeeding negative and positive pulses) at the same predetermined circumferential spacing; the dibits on the odd numbered tracks are circumfereti ally displaced from the dibits on the even numbered tracks by half the spacing between the dibits on an odd or even numbered track. The servo tracks formed on the servo recording surface are radially displaced by half the pitch (i.e. width) of the tracks with respect to the data recording tracks formed on data recording surfaces, and the servo head of the recording and reproducing device runs between odd and even number servo tracks to generate a signal whose level is approximately proportional to the radial position of the head; this signal is used as the radial position signal for positioning the read/write head of the information processing device.

Thus, the positve and negative dibits, respectively, are disposed on the odd and even numbered servo tracks on the servo. recording surface at a fixed circumferential spacing along the circumferential direcfion; however, at a certain circumferential position, i.e., at the starting and ending point of the tracks, some of the dibits are dropped to form a special pattern (called index pattern) of dibits which marks the starting and ending point of the tracks.

Let us describe the above structure of the servo recording surface of a magnetic disk pack more in detail in reference to Fig. 1, which shows, at the upper three rows (a) through (c) thereof, an index pattern on the servo tracks, which, by the way, is identical to that shown in the chapter: "Interchageable Magnetic Twelve-Disk Pack (100 Mbytes), C 6287" in the "JIS Handbook: Information Processing," Japanese Standards Association, 1986, p. 911.

The second and third rows W and W in Fig. 1 shows an index portion of a representative pair of odd and even numbered servo tracks formed on the servo recording surface of a disk pack comprising a plurality of coaxially stacked magnetic disks; the odd and even numbered concentric servo tracks, as shown at rows W and (c) in Fig. 1, alternate in the radial direction on the servo recording surface of the magnetic disk pack to cover an annular servo domain on the servo recording surface. On the odd numbered tracks are formed positve dibits bl (which consist of two successive reversions of magnetization at the first of which two north poles N are adjecent to each other and at the second of which two south poles S are adjacent to each other, as shown in the f igure) at a fixed predetermined cicumferentical spacing; however, at the index portion marking the starting and ending circumferentical position of the tracks, some of the dibits are dropped and missing; the missing dibits are shown by a pair of dotted vertical lines U at the row (b) in Fig. 1. Similarly, on the even numbered tracks are formed. negative dibits bl (two adjacent south poles S and two immediately succeeding adjacent north poles N) at the fixed predetermined cicumferentical spacing; at the index portion, the dibits c2 which immediately precede the missing dibits b2 of the adjacent odd numbered track are dropped and missing, as shown by pairs of dotted vertcial lines at the row (c) in Fig. 1.

Thus, when the servo serface on a retating magnetic disk of the disk pack moves toward left in the figure with respect to the servo head 2 positioned between an adjacent pair of odd and even numbered servo tracks (i.e. when the head 2 moves, in effect, with respect to the servo surface, toward right in the figure between the odd and even numbered tracks (b) and M), a voltage is induced whose waveform d comprises positive dibits dl (i.e. pairs of a positive and an immediately succeeding negative pulse) corresponding to positive dibits bl on the odd numbered track (b), and negative dibits d2 (i.e. pairs of a negatvie and an immediately succeeding positve pulse) corresponding to negative dibits cl on the odd numbered track (c). Except where the servo head 2 is at the index portion, pairs of a negative dibit U and an immediately succeeding positive dibit C which pairs are each represented by a numeral 1 at the top row (a) in Fig. 1, recur regularly at a predetermined period dertermined by the circumferential spacing of the dibits in 4the servo tracks; however, when the head 2 moves over a missing pair of a negative and a positve dibit c2 and U in the index portion of the even and odd numbered tracks (c) and (b) (missing dibit pairs are each represented by a numeral 0 at the top row (a) in Fig. 1), a dibit pair corresponding to the missing dibit pairs c2 and b2 vanishes in the waveform d, as shown in f ourth row (d) in Fig. 1, wherein the missing dibits are represented by dotted curves. The index portion shown in Fig. 1 consists of the pattern: 010110, as. shown at the top row (a) thereof.

Fig. 2 shows a portion of the index pattern in greater detai wherein the pairs of a negative and an immediately succeeding positive dibit on the adjacent even and odd numbered tracks (b) and (c) are represent by 1's, the missing of such a pair by a 0. Thus, the portion represented in Fig. 2 comprises the pattern: 101. Accordingly, the output waveform d of the servo head comprises a corresponding dibit pair pattern of 101, wherein the missing dibit pair is represented by a dotted curve.

Position signal is obtained from the output waveform d of the servo head 2 via a circuit such as that shown in Fig. 3. Namely, the servo head 2 moves relatvie the servo recording surface 1 in the circumferential direction between the odd and even numbered tracks thereon, to supply to the amplifier 3 an output voltage having the waveform d shown in Fig. 1. The heights of the positive and negative dibits dl and d2 of the waveform d correspond to the radial position of the servo head 2 with respect to the odd and even tracks (b) and (c). The amplifier 3 outputs an amplified wavform d to a discriminator circuit 4 coupled thereto. The discriminator circuit 4 discriminates the positive and the negative dibits dl and d29 from each other, and outputs pulse trains e and f (waveforms are shown at rows (e) and (f) in Fig. 1), corresponding to the positive and 1, 1 negative dibits, respectively, to peak level holding circuits 5a and 5b, respectively. As shown at row (e) in Fig. 1, the waveform e consists of positive pulses each of which corresponds to a positive pulse (shown in solid black in the figure) of a positve dibit dl of the waveform d. Thus, except when the head 2 is at the index portion, the waveform e consists of positive pulses occurring at a fixed period; at the index portion, the pulses (shown by dotted curves) corresponding to a missing pair of dibits (shown by a 0 atthe top row (a) in Fig. 1) are dropped. Similarly, as shown at row (f) in Fig. 1, the waveform f consists of positive pulses each of which corresponds to a negative pulse (shown in shade in the figure) of a negative dibit d2 of the waveform d. Thus, except when the head 2 is at the index portion, the waveform f consists of positive pulses occurring at the same fixed period as the pulses of the wavefrom e; at the index portion, the pulses (shown by dotted curves) corresponding to a missing pair of dibits (shown by a 0 at the top row (a) in Fig. 1) vanishes.

The peak hold circuits 5a and 5b coupled to the output e and f of the discriminator circuit 4, respectively, effect the peak level holding operation, and thereby output the signals Xe and Xf, respectively, whose waveforms are shown at rows (e) and (f) in Fig. 1. Namely, the circuits 5a and 5b are charged to each peak level of the waveforms e and f, respectively, to be discharged thereafter at a predetermined time constant. Thus, the outputs Xe and Xf of the circuits 5a and 5b have a sawtooth-shaped waveform, whose period is fixed outside of the index portion; the period of the waveforms Xe and Xf is altered in the index portion according to the pattern of the index, as shown in the figure. Namely, the period of the waveforms Xe and Xf are doubled by an occurence of a 0 between two 1's. The substractor 6 coupled to the outputs Xe and Xf of the peak G-- - hold circuits 5a and 5b calculates the difference: g = Re - Xf) between the outputs Xe and Xf of the peak hold circuits 5a and 5b, and outputs the difference g (whose waveform is shown at the bottom row (g) in Fig. 1) to a low pass f ilter 7. Except when the head 2 is at the index portion, the difference g has a substantially rectangular waveform of alternating positve and negative levels whose durations are equal to each other and to half the period of the pulse trains e and f; at the index portion, however, the duration of the positve level of the waveform g is doubled at an occurrence of 0 in the index pattern. The heights of the positve and negative level of the rectangular waveform g correspond to the radial position of the head 2. When the head 2 is precisely positioned between an odd and even tracks (b) and (c), the heights of the positive and the negative level is equal. The low pass filter 7 coupled to the output g of the subtractor 6 thus outputs a signal h whose small variation is centered around a level that corresponds to the radial position of the head 2. When the head 2 is precisely positioned in the raidial direction, the variation of the signal h is centered around the zero level 0. Thus, the signal h is used as the raidal position signal.

However, the conventional index pattern as illustrated at row (a) in Fig. 1 has the following problem: As shown at the bottom row (g) in Fig. 1, the radial position signal h is deviated from the level 0 at the index portion, even in the ca se where the servo head 2 is precisely positioned in the radial direction between odd and even tracks (b) and (c); namely, when the head 2 is at the index portion, the level of the radial position signal h is deviated from the level which corresponds to the radial position of the servo head 2. Thus, the radial positioning of the magnetic head of the information processing apparatus is adversely affected by the index b -7 pattern. This results from the fact that missing pairs of dibits, represented by O's at row (a), occur at short intervals, with only one or two I's inserted therebetween.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The primary object of this invention is therefore to provide a magnetic disk device (such as a magnetic disk pack including a plurality of coaxially stacked magnetic disks) having a servo surface of the above type, wherein the index portion of the servo tracks for marking a circumferential position of the servo tracks on the servo surface does not adversely affect the radial position signal obtained from the dibits recorded on the servo tracks; more particularly, this invnetion aims at providing an index pattern on the servo tracks which serves the purpose of marking a starting and ending position of the tracks, but does not give adverse effects to the level of the radial position signal obtained from the positve and negative dibits recorded on an adjacent pair of odd and even numbered servo tracks.

The above object is accomplished in accordance with the principle of this invention in a magnetic disk device comprising a a servo recording surface having a special index pattern according to this invention formed at a predetermined circumferential position on the servo tracks on the servo recording surface. As in the case of magnetic disk pack described above, the index pattern consists of missing dibit pairs on the odd and even numbered servo tracks on the servo recording surface; however, according to this invention, at least three not missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks are interposed between missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks. Thus, to use the convention of representing missing dibit pairs by O's and non-missing dibit pairs by 1's, the index pattern according to this invention may take the forms: 01110, 011110, 0111110, etc.

The structure of the servo recording surface is otherwise similar to that described above in reference to Fig. 1, and the position signal is obtained by means of a circuit as shown in Fig. 3 from the positive and negative dibits recorded on the odd and even numbered tracks on the servo recording surface.

The deviation of the radial position signal from the level corresponding to the radial position of the servo head is caused by missing pairs of dibits in the index pattern formed in the servo tracks on the servo recording surface. However, according to this invention, thi s deviation of the radial position signal i S suppressed to a minimum. Namely, the deviation of the radial position signal caused by a missing dibit pair is quickly diminished by the succeeding non-missing dibit pairs, whose number is at least three according to this invention; thus, before a following missing dibit pair occurs, the level of the radial position signal returns to the level that corresponds to the radial position of the servo head relative to the servo recording surface. As a result, the deviation of the radial position signal caused by the index pattern can be minimized according to this invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of this invention is set fourth with particularity in the appended claims. This invention itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation, may best be understood from the following description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. I is a diagram showing a conventional index pattern on a servo recording surface of a magnetic disk pack, together with 9 waveforms of the signals generated by the index pattern; Fig. 2 shows the relation between the index pattern and the output of the servo head in detail; Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit for generating a position signal from the output of the servo head; Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the index patterns according to this invention, together with a conventional pattern; and Fig. 5 is a diagram similar to that of Fig. 1, but showing an. index pattern according to this invention, together with the waveforms of the signals generated by the index pattern.

In the drawings, like reference numerals and characters represent like or corresponding parts or waveforms of the signals.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The magnetic disk pack according to this invention, except for the index pattern formed in the servo tracks on the servo surface of the pack, is identical to that described above in reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Thus, the disk pack consists of a plurality of (e.g. twelve) coaxially stacked magnetic disks which are rotatably accomodated in a housing; data are recorded on the cocentric tracks formed on the data recording surfaces formed on the magnetic disks. The disks in the pack are rotated together when information is written into or read out from the data recording surfaces 'of the disks. A servo recording surface is formed on one of the disks of the pack for generating position signals via a servo meagnetic head. The servo recording surface comprises concentric servo tracks on which regular pattern of positive and negative dibits are recorded, as described above. At a certain circumferential position, i.e., at the starting and ending point of the tracks, some of the dibits are dropped to form an index pattern which marks the circumferential position of the starting and ending point of the tracks. For further 1 cl details of the structure of the servo recording surface and of the device for obtaining position signals from the servo signals (dibits) recorded on the servo tracks thereon, reference may be had to the above description made in reference to Figs. 1 through I

Referring now to Fig. 4 of the drawings, let us describe the index patterns formed on the servo tracks according to this invention. The index pattern at the top row (MD in Fig. 4, namely, the pattern: 010110, is the conventional pattern which is illustrated in Fig. 1 and described above in reference thereto. The patterns illustrated at the rows M) through (M6), on the other hand, are those according to this invention. As in the above description made in reference to Figs. 1 and 2, a numeral 1 represents a pair of a negative dibit (on a even numbered servo track) and an immediately succeeding positive dibit (on an adjacent even numbered servo track); on the other hand, a numeral 0 represents a missing pair of such a pair in the index portion of the servo track. Namely, as shown in Fig. 2 in detail, the pairs of a negative and an immediately succeeding positive dibit on the adjacent even and odd numbered tracks (b) and (c) are represent by l's, the missing of such a pair by a 0; the portion represented in Fig. 2 comprises the pattern: 101. Accordingly, the output waveform d of the servo head comprises a corresponding dibit pair pattern of 101, wherein the missing dibit pair is represented by a dotted curve.

In the index patterns according to this invention, not less than three l's (i.e. non-missing dibit pairs) are inserted between two adjacent O's (i.e. missing dibit pairs). Thus, the row (M2) illustrates the index pattern: 011110, in which four I's are interposed between a pair of O's; the row (M3) comprises the index pattern: 0111110, in which five l's are interposed between a pair of O's; the row (M4) comprises the index pattern: 01111110, in which six l's are interposed between a pair of O's; the row (M5) comprises the index pattern: 011111110, in which seven l's are interposed between a pair of O's, and so on.

The top three rows (a) through (c) in Fig. 5 show a representative adjacent pair of odd and even numbered servo tracks (b) and (c) whose index portion coonsists of the pattern identical to that illustrated at row (M3) in Fig. 4, as shown at the top row(a) in Fig. 5. The radial position signal is obtained by means of a device the circuit diagram of which is shown in Fig. 3, in a manner similar to that described above in reference thereto.

Thus, the servo head 2 moves, relative to the servo recording surface, between the odd and even numbered tracks on the rotating servo surface of a magnetic disk 1 to supply to the amplifier 3 an output voltage having the waveform d shown in Fig. 5. The amplifier 3 outputs an amplified waveform d to a discriminator circuit 4 coupled thereto. The discriminator circuit 4 discriminates the positive and the negative dibits dl and d2 from each other, and outputs pulse trains e and f whose waveforms are shown at rows (e) and (f) in Fig. 5. The peak hold circuits 5a and 5b coupled to the output e and f of the discriminator circuit 4, respectively, effect the peak level holding operation to output signals Xe and Xf, respectively, whose waveforms are shown at rows (e) and (f) in Fig. 5. Further, the substractor 6 coupled to the outputs Xe and Xf of the peak hold circuits 5a and 5b calculates the difference between the outputs Xe and Xf: g = Re - Xf), and outputs the difference g (whose waveform is shown at the bottom row (9) in Fig. 5) to a low pass filter 7. The low pass filter 7 coupled to the output g of the subtractor 6 thus outputs a radial position signal h' whose small variation is centered around a level that corresponds to the radial 12, position of the head 2.

Thus, the circuit of Fig. 3 generates a radial position signal h' when the head 2 moves over the neighborhood of the index pattern: 0111110 according to this invention, which is shown at the top row (a) in Fig. 5. The operation of the circuit of Fig. 3 in the generation of the position signal h' is similar to the operation thereof in the generation of the position signal h from the conventional index pattern shown in Fig. 1. However, the deviation of the radial position signal h' from the level 0 (corresponding to the radial position of the servo head 2) is reduced by a value V, compared with the deviation of the radial position signal h' (resulting from the conventional index pattern) shown by a dotted curve at row (g) in Fig. 5. This reduction V of the deviation of the radial position signal h' with respect to the deviation of the radial position signal h results from the insertion of not less than three non-missing dibit pairs, represented by l's at row (a) in Fig. 5, between adjacent missing dibit pairs, represented by O's, according to this invention. Namely, an occurence of a missing dibit pair doubles the duration of a positive level of rectangular waveform signal g, as shown at row (g), which causes a deviation of the position signal h from the level 0 corresponding to the radial position of the head 2. However, according to this invention, this deviation of the radial position signal h' is quickly suppressed to a stable minimum magnitude by the succeeding non- missing dibit pairs whose number is not less than three. In contrast thereto, the deviation of the radial position signal h resulting from the conventional index pattern is reinforced by a succeeding missing dibit pair before the deviation returns to the stable minimum magnitude, since only one non missing dibit pair is inserted between a first and a second missing dibit pair in the conventional index 13 pattern: 010110. Thus, the deviation of the radial position signal h' according to this invention is reduced by a value V compared with the deviation of the radial position signal h obtained from the conventional index pattern.

While we have described and shown the particular embodiments of our invention, it will be understood that many modifications may be m de without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, all the index patterns according to this invention, (M2) through (M6), shown in Fig. 4 comprises only two O's (missing dibit pairs) disposed at the two ends of the pattern, the l's (non-missing dibit pairs) whose number is not less than three being interposed therebetween; however, index patterns which comprises more than two O's may be used according to the principle of this invention, provided that not less than three l's are inserted between adjacent O's; an example of such index pattern may be the following pattern: 011101110. We contemplate to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of our invention.

1 l-

Claims

What is claimed is:

- 1. A magnetic disk device comprising a magnetic disk having a servo recording surface for generating a position signal via a servo head of an information processing apparatus moving relatively along a circumferential direction of the servo recording surface between odd and even numbered servo tracks formed thereon, said servo recording surface including:

concentric odd numbered tracks along which dibits of a first polarity are formed at a fixed circumferential spacing; concentric even numbered tracks alternating with said odd numbered tracks in a radial direction of the servo recording surface, dibits of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity being formed on the even numbered tracks at the same fixed circumferential spacing as on the odd numbered tracks, the dibits on the even numbered tracks being circumferentially displaced with respect to the dibits on the odd numbered tracks by half said circumferential spacing between the dibits on the odd and even numbered tracks; and index portion formed at a predetermined circumferential positon of said odd and even numbered tracks to mark the circumferential position, said index portion consisting of a pattern of missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks, wherein at least three not missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks are interposed between missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks.
2. An information processing system comprising:

a magnetic disk having a servo recording surface including: concentric odd numbered tracks along which dibits of a first polarity are formed at a fixed circumferential spacing; concentric I- il I E even numbered tracks alternating with said odd numbered tracks in a radial direction of the servo recording surface, dibits of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity being formed on the even numbered tracks at the same fixed circumferential spacing as on the odd numbered tracks, the dibits on the even numbered tracks being ci rcumferenti ally displaced with respect to the dibits on the odd numbered tracks by half said circumferential spacing between the dibits on the odd and even numbered tracks; and index portion formed at a predetermined circumferential position of the tracks formed on said odd and even numbered tracks, said index portion consisting of a pattern of missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks, wherein at least three not missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks are interposed between missing pairs of succeeding dibits on adjacent pairs of odd and even numbered tracks; a servo head which moves relative to the servo recording surface of the magnetic disk in a circumferential direction between a pair of adjacent odd and even numbered tracks for generating a signal having a waveform corresponding to the dibits formed on the adjacent odd and even numbered tracks-, discriminator means, coupled to an output of said servo head, for outputting a first pulse train consisting of pulses- each corresponding to a dibit on the odd numbered track, and a second pulse train consisting of pulses each corresponding to a dibit on the even numbered track; first peak hold circuit means, coupled to the first pulse train output of the discriminator means, for holding each peak level of the first pulse train, wherein the level held by the first peak hold circuit means decreases at a predetermined time constant after each peak; I (:;, second peak hold circuit means, coupled to the second pulse train output of the discriminator means, for holding each peak level of the second pulse train, wherein the level held by the second peak hold circuit means decreases at a predetermined time constant af ter each peak; subtractor means, coupled to outputs of said first and second peak hold circuit means, for outputting a difference between the levels held in said first and second peak hold circuit means; and a low pass filter, coupled to an output of the subtractor means, for outputting a radial position signal for a magnetic head of the information processing system.
3. A magnetic disk device, substantially as herein described with reference to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.

ubhshedl99OatThe Patent Office. State House. 56 71 High Ho2born. London WClR4TP Further copies niky be obtainedfrom The Patent Office Sales Branch. St Mary Cray. Orpington. Kent BR5 3RD. Printed by Mult'.plex techniques lt.. St Ma-_v Crkr. Kent. Con 1 87,