GB2192482A

GB2192482A - Reserve battery

Info

Publication number: GB2192482A
Application number: GB08713368A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Yariv Geva
Original assignee: Tadiran Israel Electronics Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Tadiran Israel Electronics Industries Ltd
Priority date: 1986-06-09
Filing date: 1987-06-08
Publication date: 1988-01-13
Also published as: IL79066A0; GB8713368D0; IL79066A; DE3718788A1; FR2599895A1

Description

1 GB 2 192 482 A 1 SPECIFICATION double-coated metal plates with

interleaved separators constitutes a multi-cell battery, and this is Reserve battery activated by the shattering of the kinetic weight.

It is clearthat the kinetic weight can be adjusted at Field of the invention 70 will according to the accelerations to which the

The invention relates to a reserve battery cell of the battery will be ultimately subjected, thus providing thionyl-chloride lithium type, having a plurality of an adequate deg ree of safety, yet ensu ring that when cells, where the electrolyte is stored in a sealed such battery is to be actuated, the f rangible ampoule up to the activation of the cell. electrolyte container will be shattered. The invention 75 is illustrated with reference to the enclosed Backgroun d of the in vention schernatical sectional side-views, which are not There exist a large variety of reserve cells. There according to scale, and in which:

exist various such reserve batteriesfor use as electric Figure 1 is a sectional side view of a battery powersupply in shells, wherein the battery is according to the invention; actuated afterthe firing of the shell. Usually, forces 80 Figure2 is an enlarged view of part of the battery resulting from the acceleration of the shell during of Figure 1.

firing are used to rupturethe ampoule containing the As illustrated, the reserve cell 11 comprises a electrolyte. When the projectile is a rotating one, housing 12, in which there is located the multi-cell centrifugal forces force the electrolyte into the cells battery encased in further housing 13, made of a of the battery. The separate storage of the electrolyte 85 conductive material which surrounds the casing 14 provides a very prolonged shelf life and safety of of insulating material, wherein there is provided a storage. It is of importance to use a single source of plurality of stacked toroidal cells 15, where the electrolyte (liquid cathode), and this has to uniformly housing 13 serves as negative terminal of the and rapidly wet all the individual cells of the battery. battery, there being provided terminal 16 inset in the Such rapid wetting and rapid actuation of the battery 90 glass-to-metal sea[ 17 which is secured to the cover cause problems frequently. member 18 which is advantageously welded tothe housing. Insulating O-ring 19 servesto separatethe Summary ofthe invention individual cellsfrom each other, reducing current

There is provided a multi-cell batteryof the leakage of the actuated battery. On top of this battery lithium/thionyl chloride type, with a separate 95 there is positioned ampoule 20 which containsthe container of the electrolyte (liquid cathode) which is liquid electrolyte 21, and serves also as connection to sealed and which is ruptured when such reserve the metal housing. At the other end of the battery battery is to be actuated. The actuation is effected by there is provided a metal disk 22 which is welded to means of a kinetic weightwhich is positioned the positive terminal and which functions as current outside the actual confines of the reserve cell proper, 100 collector, and an insulating washer 23 which and which kineticweight is used for actuating the prevents shortcuiting the current collectorwith the battery underfiring conditions generating an metal housing.

accleration which is notadequateto shatteran Ontop of the ampoule 20there is provided, ampoule of thetype used. outsidethe housing 13, a weight 24with central The battery comprises a plurality of individual 105 protrusion 25, which is used as kinetic weight, and electrochemical cells with an ampoule containing which is suited to shatterthe ampoule when the the electrolyte being arranged on top of the battery battery is subjected to an adequate acceleration.

stack, with a central space being provided for rapid Such activable kinetic weight is very suitable forthe penetration of the electrolyte upon battery actuation. actuation of this type of reserve battery during firing On top of the battery housing, and outside the 110 of projectiles or the like with rather low acceleration.

confines of this housing, there is provided a kinetic

Claims

weightwith a protrusion preferably at its center, CLAIMS which facilitates

the shattering of the ampoule when the battery is subjected to an adequate accleration. 1. A reserve battery of the lithium The sequence of the components of the battery is 115 thionyl-chloride type having a plurality of cells, essentially as follows: shock absorber means, a which comprises a sealed shatterable ampoule current collector, disks of an inert metal such as containing the electrolyte (liquid cathode), where nickel disks to one surface of which there is applied a there are stacked within a suitable container a thin layer of lithium, and to the other surface - a layer sequence of inert metal disks to one surface of which of bonded carbon black. Such disks are separated 120 there is applied a lithium layer and to the other a from each other by suitable separators. layer of bonded carbon black, such disks being Thus, each such nickel platelet, to which there is separated from each other by separators, such stack applied on one side a lithium layer of about 0.2 mm constituting the multi-cell battery, negative and thickness (which may be supported by a suitable positive current collectors being provided, there net), and on the other side - a layer of acetylenic 125 being provided within said containerthe ampoule carbon black, also bonded by a suitable bonding with the electrolyte, there being provided outside material (such as teflon orthe like), serves as both said container a kinetic weight adapted to shatterthe anode, cathode, and connection between these. frangible electrolyte containerwhen an adequate Between such plateletsthere are arranged acceleration is applied to the reserve battery,thus separators. A stack of such sequence of 130 essentially instantaneously actuating the battery by 2 GB 2 192 482 A 2 contacting the components of the battery with said electrolyte.
2. A battery according to claim 1, where the inert metal disks and separators are of annular shape, and where the electrolyte container has a protrusion extending into the opening defined by the central space of the stack of disks and separators.
3. A battery according to claim 1 or 2, where the kinetic weight has a central protrusion facing the battery, which facilitates the shattering of the electrolyte container.
4. Reserve multi-cell lithium thionyl-chloride type reserve cell with means for shattering a frangible electrolyte container upon application of an adequate acceleration, substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to the drawings.
5. A battery having a plurality of cells communicating with positive and negative terminals for drawing off current generated by the cells when containing a liquid electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is initially contained in a sealedfrangible vessel located adjacentthe cells, and the battery further comprising a kinetic weight positioned adjacentthe vessel and adapted to breakthe vessel when the battery undergoes a certain acceleration wherebythe electrolyte is forced from the vessel by said weight and substantially instantaneously actuates the cells of the battery.

Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by Croydon Printing Company (UK) Ltd, 11/87, D8991685. Published byThe PatentOffice, 25 Southampton Buildings, London,WC2A 1AY, from which copies maybe obtained.