GB2189809A - Immobilized biological material - Google Patents

Immobilized biological material Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2189809A
GB2189809A GB8610913A GB8610913A GB2189809A GB 2189809 A GB2189809 A GB 2189809A GB 8610913 A GB8610913 A GB 8610913A GB 8610913 A GB8610913 A GB 8610913A GB 2189809 A GB2189809 A GB 2189809A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
biological material
biological
fibre
cells
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8610913A
Other versions
GB8610913D0 (en
Inventor
Michael Storey Otterburn
Peter Lee Spedding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB8610913A priority Critical patent/GB2189809A/en
Publication of GB8610913D0 publication Critical patent/GB8610913D0/en
Publication of GB2189809A publication Critical patent/GB2189809A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
    • C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
    • C12N11/04—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/26—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges flexible
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
    • C12M25/02—Membranes; Filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
    • C12M25/16—Particles; Beads; Granular material; Encapsulation

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)

Abstract

Biological material is solubilized in an inorganic/organic solvent and spun into a thin continuous thread by using a nozzle to extrude the solution into a bath of an aqueous solution. The continuous thread containing the biological material is formed into a cloth or wound on to a mandrel to form a biological reactor or biocatalyst reactor. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Immobilized biological material This invention relates to methods of and apparatus for encapsulating or immobilizing cells, enzymes and other biological materials in such a from thatthe cells, enzymes and other biological materials are readily available to carry out reactions orto act as catalysts for other reactions.
Accordinglythe invention consists of biological materials held by on or in a continuouslyformed filamentorfibreoforganicand inorganic materials.
Cells, enzymes or other biological materials are solubilized in a solvent containing organicand inorganic materials. The solution is extruded through a jet into baths containing aqueous solutions that forms or spins the emerging jet of liquid into a continuousthin filament orfibre. The fibre contains the cells, enzymes or other biological materials in an encapsulated or immobilized form within and/or on thesurface ofthefilm.
The invention provides a very simple way of encapsulating biologically active material to form a very flexible design of biochemical reactor that holds the reactive or catalystic material separate from but in intimate contact with the reacting fluids.
One preferred form of the invention will now be described.
Asolutionofalginateandyeastcells 1 is spun into a thin continuous thread by using a nozzle 2 to extrude the solution into a bath containing an aqueous solution of a calcium salt 3 as shown in Figure 1/2. The speed of emission ofthe alginate/yeast solution into the aqueous salt solutions is such that a thin thread or filament offibre 4 is formed which is capable of being wound onto a bobbin 5. The fibre can be woven into a cloth or wound around aformer to form a pad or bobbin of material.In this case the thread is wound into a mandrel that forms the heart of a biocatalyst/bioreactorsystem.The mandrel 6 with the th read wound onto its surface is placed in a housing 7 shown in Figures 2/2, such that a sugar solution 8 can be passed through the mass offibres which contain the yeast cells. Reactions are stimulated by the cells and proceeds to give alcohol, water and carbon dioxide. The outgoing solution containing these is taken on to downstream processing where the products are separated.
1. Immobilization of biological material by incorporating the biological material in a continuously spun fibre.
2. The fibre incorporating the biological material in Claim 1 can be woven into cloth orfabricorwound onto a mandrel to form a biochemical reactor in which the biological material is the active component.
3. Because the biological material is encapsulated within or on the fibre, it contacts the reactants passing to the biological reactor of Claim 2 but is not present in the products emerging from the reactor thus simplifying downstream processing of the products.
4. The cross-sectional area of the fibre is small compared to the surface area exposed to the reactant fluids ensuring that the maximum exposed area of the biological material is brought ipto intimate contact with the reactants even though the biological material is in stationary form.
5. Despite the availability of the biological material for reaction as expressed in Claim 4, the structure of the fibre is such that it holds the biological material by bonds so that elutriation of the biological material by the product fluids is avoided.
6. A method of immobilizing biological material as shown in Figure 1/2 to form a reactor, one type of which is shown in Figure 2/2.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (6)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Immobilized biological material This invention relates to methods of and apparatus for encapsulating or immobilizing cells, enzymes and other biological materials in such a from thatthe cells, enzymes and other biological materials are readily available to carry out reactions orto act as catalysts for other reactions. Accordinglythe invention consists of biological materials held by on or in a continuouslyformed filamentorfibreoforganicand inorganic materials. Cells, enzymes or other biological materials are solubilized in a solvent containing organicand inorganic materials. The solution is extruded through a jet into baths containing aqueous solutions that forms or spins the emerging jet of liquid into a continuousthin filament orfibre. The fibre contains the cells, enzymes or other biological materials in an encapsulated or immobilized form within and/or on thesurface ofthefilm. The invention provides a very simple way of encapsulating biologically active material to form a very flexible design of biochemical reactor that holds the reactive or catalystic material separate from but in intimate contact with the reacting fluids. One preferred form of the invention will now be described. Asolutionofalginateandyeastcells 1 is spun into a thin continuous thread by using a nozzle 2 to extrude the solution into a bath containing an aqueous solution of a calcium salt 3 as shown in Figure 1/2. The speed of emission ofthe alginate/yeast solution into the aqueous salt solutions is such that a thin thread or filament offibre 4 is formed which is capable of being wound onto a bobbin 5. The fibre can be woven into a cloth or wound around aformer to form a pad or bobbin of material.In this case the thread is wound into a mandrel that forms the heart of a biocatalyst/bioreactorsystem.The mandrel 6 with the th read wound onto its surface is placed in a housing 7 shown in Figures 2/2, such that a sugar solution 8 can be passed through the mass offibres which contain the yeast cells. Reactions are stimulated by the cells and proceeds to give alcohol, water and carbon dioxide. The outgoing solution containing these is taken on to downstream processing where the products are separated. CLAIMS
1. Immobilization of biological material by incorporating the biological material in a continuously spun fibre.
2. The fibre incorporating the biological material in Claim 1 can be woven into cloth orfabricorwound onto a mandrel to form a biochemical reactor in which the biological material is the active component.
3. Because the biological material is encapsulated within or on the fibre, it contacts the reactants passing to the biological reactor of Claim 2 but is not present in the products emerging from the reactor thus simplifying downstream processing of the products.
4. The cross-sectional area of the fibre is small compared to the surface area exposed to the reactant fluids ensuring that the maximum exposed area of the biological material is brought ipto intimate contact with the reactants even though the biological material is in stationary form.
5. Despite the availability of the biological material for reaction as expressed in Claim 4, the structure of the fibre is such that it holds the biological material by bonds so that elutriation of the biological material by the product fluids is avoided.
6. A method of immobilizing biological material as shown in Figure 1/2 to form a reactor, one type of which is shown in Figure 2/2.
GB8610913A 1986-05-03 1986-05-03 Immobilized biological material Withdrawn GB2189809A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8610913A GB2189809A (en) 1986-05-03 1986-05-03 Immobilized biological material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8610913A GB2189809A (en) 1986-05-03 1986-05-03 Immobilized biological material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8610913D0 GB8610913D0 (en) 1986-06-11
GB2189809A true GB2189809A (en) 1987-11-04

Family

ID=10597344

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8610913A Withdrawn GB2189809A (en) 1986-05-03 1986-05-03 Immobilized biological material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2189809A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5158881A (en) * 1987-11-17 1992-10-27 Brown University Research Foundation Method and system for encapsulating cells in a tubular extrudate in separate cell compartments
EP0568940A2 (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Interpharm Laboratories Ltd. Radial flow bioreactor
US5283187A (en) * 1987-11-17 1994-02-01 Brown University Research Foundation Cell culture-containing tubular capsule produced by co-extrusion
US5418154A (en) * 1987-11-17 1995-05-23 Brown University Research Foundation Method of preparing elongated seamless capsules containing biological material

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1361963A (en) * 1972-01-28 1974-07-30 Snam Progetti Process for producing fructose or a syrup containing fructose and glucose
GB1386674A (en) * 1971-04-23 1975-03-12 Snam Progetti Process for the enzymatic production of l-tryptophan
GB1453744A (en) * 1973-03-22 1976-10-27 Snam Progetti Permeable cellulosic bodies containing enzymes
GB1513169A (en) * 1974-07-31 1978-06-07 Snam Progetti Fibres incorporating antibodies antigens and antisera method for their preparation and their use
GB2008966A (en) * 1977-10-13 1979-06-13 Snam Progetti Radial flow reactor for use in catalyzed reactions
GB2041941A (en) * 1979-02-15 1980-09-17 Eni Ente Naz Idrocarb Microporous Bodies having Occluded Agents
EP0125105A2 (en) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-14 Pfizer Inc. Immobilization of catalytically active microorganisms in agar gel fibers
EP0173915A2 (en) * 1984-09-07 1986-03-12 Joachim Prof. Dr. Klein Biocatalyst and process for preparing it

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1386674A (en) * 1971-04-23 1975-03-12 Snam Progetti Process for the enzymatic production of l-tryptophan
GB1361963A (en) * 1972-01-28 1974-07-30 Snam Progetti Process for producing fructose or a syrup containing fructose and glucose
GB1453744A (en) * 1973-03-22 1976-10-27 Snam Progetti Permeable cellulosic bodies containing enzymes
GB1513169A (en) * 1974-07-31 1978-06-07 Snam Progetti Fibres incorporating antibodies antigens and antisera method for their preparation and their use
GB2008966A (en) * 1977-10-13 1979-06-13 Snam Progetti Radial flow reactor for use in catalyzed reactions
GB2041941A (en) * 1979-02-15 1980-09-17 Eni Ente Naz Idrocarb Microporous Bodies having Occluded Agents
EP0125105A2 (en) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-14 Pfizer Inc. Immobilization of catalytically active microorganisms in agar gel fibers
EP0173915A2 (en) * 1984-09-07 1986-03-12 Joachim Prof. Dr. Klein Biocatalyst and process for preparing it

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BIOTECHNOL. NEWSWATCH (MCGRAW-HILLS)VOL 4 ISSUE 20 P6-7 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5158881A (en) * 1987-11-17 1992-10-27 Brown University Research Foundation Method and system for encapsulating cells in a tubular extrudate in separate cell compartments
US5283187A (en) * 1987-11-17 1994-02-01 Brown University Research Foundation Cell culture-containing tubular capsule produced by co-extrusion
US5284761A (en) * 1987-11-17 1994-02-08 Brown University Research Foundation Method of encapsulating cells in a tubular extrudate
US5389535A (en) * 1987-11-17 1995-02-14 Brown University Research Foundation Method of encapsulating cells in a tubular extrudate
US5418154A (en) * 1987-11-17 1995-05-23 Brown University Research Foundation Method of preparing elongated seamless capsules containing biological material
US5643773A (en) * 1987-11-17 1997-07-01 Brown University Research Foundation Preparation of elongated seamless capsules containing a coaxial rod and biological material
EP0568940A2 (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-10 Interpharm Laboratories Ltd. Radial flow bioreactor
EP0568940A3 (en) * 1992-05-05 1995-04-05 Interpharm Lab Ltd Radial flow bioreactor.
US5705390A (en) * 1992-05-05 1998-01-06 Interpharm Laboratories Ltd. Bioreactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8610913D0 (en) 1986-06-11

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