GB2188942A - Protective coating - Google Patents

Protective coating Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2188942A
GB2188942A GB08608926A GB8608926A GB2188942A GB 2188942 A GB2188942 A GB 2188942A GB 08608926 A GB08608926 A GB 08608926A GB 8608926 A GB8608926 A GB 8608926A GB 2188942 A GB2188942 A GB 2188942A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
titanium
coating
titanium alloy
nickel
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08608926A
Other versions
GB2188942B (en
Inventor
David Frederick Bettridge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce PLC
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce PLC filed Critical Rolls Royce PLC
Priority to GB8608926A priority Critical patent/GB2188942B/en
Priority to FR878703313A priority patent/FR2601044B1/en
Priority to DE19873708869 priority patent/DE3708869A1/en
Priority to JP62065521A priority patent/JPS62243757A/en
Publication of GB2188942A publication Critical patent/GB2188942A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2188942B publication Critical patent/GB2188942B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A titanium or titanium alloy component is provided with a protective coating by the steps of: (a) electroplating a nickel or cobalt coating on the component surface (b) electroplating a chromium coating on to the nickel or cobalt coating and (c) heat treating the electroplated component at a temperature of 700 DEG C under vacuum. The resultant coating provides resistance to oxidation and alpha phase formation in the component.

Description

SPECIFICATION Protective coating This invention relates to protective coatings and has particular reference to protective coatings for titanium and alloys thereof.
Certain components of gas turbine engines, such as compressor blades, are frequently manufactured from titanium alloys. Such alloys are well suited to operation at temperatures ranging from well below 0 C up to in the region of 500"C. This means that the alloys can be used in all but the highest pressure stages of an axial flow gas turbine engine compressor. However other, usually ferrous, or nickel base alloys must be used in the highest pressure stages because of the high operating temperatures which they are likely to encounter. The use of such alloys is undesirable in view of the weight disadvantage which they have over titanium alloys.There are however, high strength titanium alloys now available which are capable of withstanding temperatures in excess of 500"C. Unfortunately at these temperatures, the alloys tend to oxidise and produce surface scaling as well as being prone to alpha phase formation due to their absorbtion of oxygen.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide protective coating for titanium and titanium alloys which renders the titanium or titanium alloy less prone to surface scaling and alpha phase formation at eievated temperatures then has heretofore been achieved.
According to the present invention, a method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating comprises the steps of a) depositing a coating of nickel or cobalt on said titanium alloy component surface b) depositing a coating of chromium on said nickel or cobalt base coating and c) heat treating said coated titanium or titanium alloy component under non-oxidising conditions to provide at least some interdiffusion between said deposited nickel or cobalt and chromium coatings and between said nickel or cobalt coating and the surface of said titanium or titanium alloy component.
The nickel or cobalt and chromium coatings may be applied by any convenient method.
We prefer to apply them by electroplating in which case it is necessary to etch the titanium or titanium alloy component surface prior to the electroplating operation being carried out.
The necessary degree of etching can be achieved by anodically etching the component surface in a mixture of acetic acid and hydrofluoric acid. Other methods of deposition of the nickel or cobalt and chromium coatings could however be employed if so desired.
Thus the coatings could be deposited by such techniques as physical vapour deposition or electroless deposition.
Although the heat treatment step to provide interdiffusion may be carried out in any atmosphere which is non-oxidising and which does not have a detrimental effect upon the coated component, we pefer to carry out the step under vacuum.
In order to demonstrate the efficacy of the present invention, a titanium alloy test piece was coated in accordance with the method of the present invention and then subjected to testing in a high temperature environment.
More specifically a pin 50 mm long and 7 mm diameter formed from the commercially available alloy known as Ti5331S was initially anodically etched in a mixture containing 87.5 percent by volume acetic acid and 12.5 percent by volume hydrofluoric acid at a current density of 1.8 A/m2 at a temperature of 40-50"C for one minute. Ti5331S is produced by Imperial Metal Industries and contains by weight 5.5% aluminium, 3.5% tin, 3% zirconium and 1% niobium the balance being titanium.
The pin was then rinsed before being electroplated with nickel to a depth of 20-25 um.
The electroplating was carried out in a modified Watts bath for a period of 20 minutes at a temperature of 50 and a current density of 4.5 A/m2. After further rinsing, the pin was electroplated with chromium to a depth of 1-2 um. The electroplating was carried out in a bath containing 375 grams/litre chromic acid and 2.5 grams/litre sulphuric acid for a period of 5 minutes at a temperature of 49"C and a current density of 20.7 A/m2.The pin with its electroplated coatings of nickel and chromium was then rinsed and dried before being heated at a temperature of 700"C for one hour under vacuum to provide a certain degree of interdiffusion of the nickel and chromium coatings as well as to ensure a certain degree of interdiffusion between the nickel coating and the titanium alloy of the pin to provide an effective inerfacial bond between the pin and the coatings.
The pin was then heated in air at a temperature of 650"C for a period of 1000 hours in order to assess the performance of the applied coating at prolonged high temperatures.
It was found upon sectioning the pin that there was only superficial oxidation of the surface of the titanium alloy pin and that there was no evidence of alpha phase formation.
Although in the above example, the test piece was a titanium alloy pin electroplated with nickel and chromium, it will be appreciated that the method of the present invention is applicable to the protection of titanium or other titanium alloys and that a cobalt coating could be substituted for the nickel if so desired.
The present invention therefore provides a useful method of protecting titanium or titanium alloy components which in use are subject to high ambient temperatures, from the effects of oxidation and alpha phase formation.

Claims (7)

1. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating comprising the steps of: a) depositing a coating of nickel or cobalt on said titanium or titanium alloy surface b) depositing a coating of chromium on said nickel or cobalt coating and c) heat treating said titanium or titanium alloy component under non-oxidising conditions to provide at least some interdiffusion between said deposited nickel or cobalt and chromium coatings and between said nickel or cobalt coating and the surface of said titanium or titanium alloy component.
2. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating as claimed in claim 1 wherein said nickel or cobalt and chromium coatings are deposited on said component surface by electroplating.
3. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said heat treatment of said titanium or titanium alloy component is carried out under vacuum.
4. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating as claimed in any one preceding claim wherein said heat treatment of said titanium or titanium alloy component is carried at a temperature of approximately 700"C for a period of approximately one hour.
5. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating as claimed in any one preceding claim wherein said nickel or cobalt coating is deposited to a depth from 20 to 25 um and said chromium coating is deposited to a depth of from 1 to 2 um.
6. A method of providing a component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy with a protective coating substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying example.
7. A component formed from titanium or a titanium alloy provided with a protective coating by the method of any one preceding claim.
GB8608926A 1986-04-11 1986-04-11 Protective coating Expired - Fee Related GB2188942B (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8608926A GB2188942B (en) 1986-04-11 1986-04-11 Protective coating
FR878703313A FR2601044B1 (en) 1986-04-11 1987-03-11 METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A PROTECTIVE LAYER AND PART PROVIDED WITH SUCH A LAYER
DE19873708869 DE3708869A1 (en) 1986-04-11 1987-03-18 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PROTECTIVE COATING ON A WORKPIECE OF TITANIUM OR A TITANIUM ALLOY
JP62065521A JPS62243757A (en) 1986-04-11 1987-03-19 Protective film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8608926A GB2188942B (en) 1986-04-11 1986-04-11 Protective coating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2188942A true GB2188942A (en) 1987-10-14
GB2188942B GB2188942B (en) 1990-04-04

Family

ID=10596077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8608926A Expired - Fee Related GB2188942B (en) 1986-04-11 1986-04-11 Protective coating

Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62243757A (en)
DE (1) DE3708869A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2601044B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2188942B (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0324533A1 (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-07-19 Microdot Inc. Electrodeposited multilayer coating for titanium
US4988415A (en) * 1987-05-20 1991-01-29 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Method of producing an anti-wear coating including a chromium layer on a surface of a structural part of titanium or titanium-based alloy
WO1995025185A1 (en) * 1994-03-17 1995-09-21 Sherritt Inc Low friction cobalt-based coatings for titanium
EP0875596A1 (en) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-04 Masco Corporation Article having a decorative and protective coating
WO2005045102A2 (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-05-19 Aluminal Oberflächentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Coating of substrates
EP1624092A1 (en) 2004-08-06 2006-02-08 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Chromium plated exhaust pipe
EP1900854A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-19 Difcon GmbH Process for hardening of electroplating chromium layer
CN108350595A (en) * 2015-11-19 2018-07-31 赛峰直升机发动机 Aircraft engine component including erosion shield and the method for manufacturing the component
CN110512109A (en) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-29 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of graphene enhancing titanium composite material

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19962641B4 (en) * 1999-12-23 2012-04-19 Erlus Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a microstructure on a metallic surface and microstructured metallic surface
JP2009074141A (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-04-09 Komatsu Ltd Method of forming alloy plated layer and structural component
DE102008019296A1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-10-22 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Process for producing a fire protection for titanium component bodies of an aircraft gas turbine and titanium component body for an aircraft gas turbine
FR3032725B1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2019-04-12 Safran Aircraft Engines METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A COATING AGAINST EROSION ON A METAL PIECE
CN116555854B (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-11-14 广州三孚新材料科技股份有限公司 Golf club head and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3691029A (en) * 1971-03-05 1972-09-12 Superior Plating Co Chrome plating of titanium
GB2039963A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-08-20 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Mult-layer high temperature corosion-protective coating
EP0128383A1 (en) * 1983-06-11 1984-12-19 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Process for producing wear-resistant layers on the surfaces of components made of titanium or alloys based on titanium

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2900715A (en) * 1956-05-28 1959-08-25 Steel Improvement & Forge Co Protection of titanium
US2921888A (en) * 1956-10-26 1960-01-19 Vertol Aircraft Corp Electroplating titanium ano titanium alloys
DE2118364C3 (en) * 1970-04-20 1975-12-04 The Superior Plating Co., Fairfield, Conn. (V.St.A.) Process for hard chrome plating a titanium substrate
JPS5817838B2 (en) * 1978-10-05 1983-04-09 上村工業株式会社 Corrosion resistant plating method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3691029A (en) * 1971-03-05 1972-09-12 Superior Plating Co Chrome plating of titanium
GB2039963A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-08-20 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Mult-layer high temperature corosion-protective coating
EP0128383A1 (en) * 1983-06-11 1984-12-19 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Process for producing wear-resistant layers on the surfaces of components made of titanium or alloys based on titanium

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4988415A (en) * 1987-05-20 1991-01-29 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Method of producing an anti-wear coating including a chromium layer on a surface of a structural part of titanium or titanium-based alloy
EP0324533A1 (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-07-19 Microdot Inc. Electrodeposited multilayer coating for titanium
US5955151A (en) * 1994-03-17 1999-09-21 The Westaim Corporation Low friction cobalt based coatings for titanium alloys
US5601933A (en) * 1994-03-17 1997-02-11 Sherritt Inc. Low friction cobalt based coatings for titanium alloys
WO1995025185A1 (en) * 1994-03-17 1995-09-21 Sherritt Inc Low friction cobalt-based coatings for titanium
EP0875596A1 (en) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-04 Masco Corporation Article having a decorative and protective coating
FR2762859A1 (en) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-06 Masco Corp ARTICLE HAVING A DECORATIVE AND PROTECTIVE COATING
WO2005045102A2 (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-05-19 Aluminal Oberflächentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Coating of substrates
WO2005045102A3 (en) * 2003-11-07 2006-02-16 Aluminal Oberflaechentechnik Coating of substrates
EP1624092A1 (en) 2004-08-06 2006-02-08 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Chromium plated exhaust pipe
US7726121B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2010-06-01 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Engine part
EP1900854A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-19 Difcon GmbH Process for hardening of electroplating chromium layer
CN108350595A (en) * 2015-11-19 2018-07-31 赛峰直升机发动机 Aircraft engine component including erosion shield and the method for manufacturing the component
CN110512109A (en) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-29 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of graphene enhancing titanium composite material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3708869A1 (en) 1987-10-22
GB2188942B (en) 1990-04-04
JPS62243757A (en) 1987-10-24
FR2601044B1 (en) 1991-08-23
FR2601044A1 (en) 1988-01-08

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940411