GB2187058A - Regeneration of a reference image - Google Patents

Regeneration of a reference image Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2187058A
GB2187058A GB08702602A GB8702602A GB2187058A GB 2187058 A GB2187058 A GB 2187058A GB 08702602 A GB08702602 A GB 08702602A GB 8702602 A GB8702602 A GB 8702602A GB 2187058 A GB2187058 A GB 2187058A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
image
reference image
actual
actual image
cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08702602A
Other versions
GB8702602D0 (en
GB2187058B (en
Inventor
Dieter Coy
Rolf Steinhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of GB8702602D0 publication Critical patent/GB8702602D0/en
Publication of GB2187058A publication Critical patent/GB2187058A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2187058B publication Critical patent/GB2187058B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7864—T.V. type tracking systems
    • G01S3/7865—T.V. type tracking systems using correlation of the live video image with a stored image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/20—Analysis of motion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Abstract

A method of regenerating a reference image comprises storing the image, which is derived from an actual image (b) of a scene picked up by an image-generating sensor, in a store (2). A correlator (1), to which the actual image and the reference image are conducted, supplies a correlation result which is conducted to a logic decision system (3). The actual image and the reference image are conducted to the logic decision system. The system determines, in dependence on the comparison of the correlation result, the actual image and the reference image, two weighting coefficients (k1, k2) which have individual values between 0 and 1 and a sum value of 1. A regeneration of the stored reference image is undertaken in the case of changes relative to the actual image. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Regeneration of a reference image The present invention relates to a method of regenerating a reference image in image comparison equipment and to equipment in which the method can be carried out.
Methods and equipment for target tracking, in which a reference image stored in an image store is adapted (regenerated) to an actual image, picked up by a sensor, of a scene or an article, are generally known. These known methods and equipment operate according to the so-called stacking principle, in which a stacking is performed across the board for the entire reference image. This has the disadvantage that, in the case of moved objects, there arise diffusions which are transmitted into the regenerated reference image.
It would be of advantage to achieve regeneration of a reference image, preferably for image correlation, in dependence on image sequence analysis in such a manner that different image parts are accumulated to different strengths and variations of an object are taken into consideration more precisely than hitherto.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of regenerating a reference image in image comparison equipment, comprising the steps of storing a reference image derived from an actual image sensed by image-sensing means, correlating the reference image and the actual imageto obtain a correlation result, comparing the correlation result, the reference image and the actual image in logic decision means to determineforthe reference image and the actual image respectively a first and a second weighting coefficient having an individual value in the range of O to 1 and a sum value of 1, determining the product of the second coefficient and the actual image at a given instant in one cycle and the product of the first coefficient and the reference image at the given instant in the immediately preceding cycle, adding said products to obtain a reference imageforthe given instant in the one cycle and storing the obtained reference image in place of the previously stored reference image.
Preferably, the reference image is regenerated from image point to image point through the actual image.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided image comparison equipment comprising storage means for storing a reference image derived from an actual image sensed by image-sensing means, correlating means for correlating the reference image and the actual image to obtain a correlation result, logic decision means for comparing the correlation result, the reference image and the actual image to determine for the reference image and the actual image respectively a first and a second weighting coefficient having an individual value in the rangeofOto 1, and a sum value of 1, product determining means to determine the product of the second coefficient and the actual image at a given instant in one cycle and the product of the first coefficient and the reference image atthe given instant in the immediately preceding cycle, and adding means to add said products to obtain a reference imageforthe given instant in the one cycle, the storage means being arranged to store the obtained reference image in place of the previously stored reference image.
A particular advantage of a method exemplifying and apparatus embodying the invention is that a conditional regeneration ofthe reference image, for example within a correlation process, can be performed quasi continuously and variably pixel by pixel. The method admits of a wide optimum and deviations from a set operating point lead to only a small reduction in performance capability. The method can serve above all for improvement in the performance capability of image correlation, in which noise reduction of images is attained in spite of movement (image stacking, image accumulation).
An example of the method and an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will now be more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawing, the single figure of which is a schematic circuit diagram of equipment embodying the invention.
Referring now to the drawing, there is shown target tracking equipment in which an actual image b(1), which is picked up by an opti-electronic sensor (not shown), of a scene or an object as well as a reference image r(1 - 1), which is stored in an image store 2, are conducted to a correlator 1. The correlator 1 compares the received images and calculates a correlation result p, which is conducted to a logic decision sytem 3. The system 3 also receives the actual image and the reference image. The system 3, which can serve for the direct driving of the digital filter 7 illustrated in dashed lines, has two outputs, which are each connected with a first input of a respective one of two multiplication members 4 and 5.A second input ofthefirst member4 is connected to the output of the store 2, whilst a second input of the second member 5 is connected to receive the actual image. The outputs of the members 4 and 5 are conducted to an addition member 6, the output of which is in electrically conductive connection with the input of the store 2.
On variations ofthe actual image b(1 ) with respect to the reference image r(1- 1), a regeneration of the reference image takes place according to thefollowing formula: k2.b(1) + k1.r(1 -1) = r(1) wherein b(1) signifies the actual image at a given cycle instant 1, r(1- 1) signifies the reference image ata cycle instant 1 - 1 which comes before the cycle instant 1 of the actual image b(1 ), and r(1 ) sig nifies the reference image atthe given cycle instant 1.The factors k1 and k2, which are provided by the system 3 in dependence on the comparison of the correlation result, the actual image and the reference image, represent weighting coefficients which can assume respective values between 0 and 1. The sum of the coefficients k1 and k2 always results in the value 1. Thus, the reference image is regenerated (as r(1 )) in dependence on the values of the coefficients k1 and k2. There thus results partial regeneration, complete regeneration or no regeneration at all of the referenceimager(1- 1), wherein the method is distinguished by the inclusion of alternatives as special cases.
Advantageously, a regeneration of the reference image r(1- 1)takes place from image point to image point (adaptively pixel by pixel) through the actual image b(1). It is in that case to be understood by adaptively pixel by pixel thatthe coefficients ka and k2 can vary from pixel to pixel.
The following table gives data on the operational states when the coefficients k1 and k2 have the values 0,1 or 0.5: k2.b(1) rlll l) K1 = 1 0 r(1-1) r(1-1) K2=0 K1 =0 K2=1 b(1) O b(1) K1 = 1/2 1/2.b(1 ) 1/2.r(1 -1 ) 1/2.b(1 ) + 1/2.r( 1 1) K2=1/2

Claims (7)

1. A method of regenerating a reference image in image comparison equipment, comprising the steps of storing a reference image derived from an actual image sensed by image-sensing means, correlating the reference image and the actual image to obtain a correlation result, comparing the correlation result,the reference image and the actual image in logic decision means to determine for the reference image and the actual image respectively a first and a second weighting coefficient having an individual value in the range of 0 to 1 and a sum value of 1, determining the product of the second coefficient and the actual image at a given instant in one cycle and the product of coefficient and the reference image at the given instant in the immediately preceding cycle, adding said products to obtain a reference image for the given instant in the one cycle and storing the obtained reference image in place of the previously stored reference image.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reference image is regenerated from image point to image pointthrough the actual image.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reference image is regenerated adaptively pixel by pixel through the actual image.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
5. Image comparison equipmentcomprising storage means for storing a reference image derived from an actual image sensed by image-sensing means, correlating means for correlating the reference image and the actual image to obtain a correlation result, logic decision means for comparing the correlation result, the reference image and the actual image to determine for the reference image and the actual image respectively a first and a second weighting coefficient having an individual value in the range of to 1 and a sum value of 1, product determining means to determine the product of the second coefficient and the actual image ata given instant in one cycle and the product ofthe first coefficient and the reference image at the given instant in the immediately preceding cycle, and adding means to add said products to obtain a reference image for the given instant in the one cycle, the storage means being arranged to store the obtained reference image in place of the previously stored reference image.
6. Equipment as claimed in claim 5, the product determining means comprising a first multiplication element connected at a first inputthereofto a first output of the logic decision means and at a second input thereof to an output of the storage means and a second multiplication element connected at a first input thereof to a second output of the logic decision means and connectible ata second inputthereofto an output of such image-sensing means, and the adding means being connected at a respective input thereof to an output of each of the multiplication elements and at an outputthereofto an input of the storage means.
7. Equipment substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB8702602A 1986-02-25 1987-02-05 Provision of a reference image. Expired - Fee Related GB2187058B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3606009A DE3606009C1 (en) 1986-02-25 1986-02-25 Method for refreshing a reference image and circuit arrangement for carrying out the method

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8702602D0 GB8702602D0 (en) 1987-03-11
GB2187058A true GB2187058A (en) 1987-08-26
GB2187058B GB2187058B (en) 1990-01-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8702602A Expired - Fee Related GB2187058B (en) 1986-02-25 1987-02-05 Provision of a reference image.

Country Status (3)

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DE (1) DE3606009C1 (en)
FR (1) FR2594981A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2187058B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255699A (en) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-11 Marconi Gec Ltd Image restoration using a neural network

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0733219A1 (en) * 1993-12-08 1996-09-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for background determination and subtraction for a monocular vision system
DE19902681A1 (en) * 1999-01-23 2000-07-27 Lfk Gmbh Procedure to relocate objects in images, replacing image values of overlap areas by gray values

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2020508A (en) * 1978-03-08 1979-11-14 Nippon Electric Co Noise reduction system for colour television signal
GB2020941A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-11-21 Nippon Electric Co Noise reduction system for a television signal
GB1594341A (en) * 1976-10-14 1981-07-30 Micro Consultants Ltd Picture information processing system for television

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352126A (en) * 1977-04-14 1982-09-28 Jacques Poncin System for reducing visible noise in television images
SE411400B (en) * 1977-11-02 1979-12-17 Saab Scania Ab FOR FOLLOWING AN OBJECT INTENDED CORRELATION FOLLOWER
US4133004A (en) * 1977-11-02 1979-01-02 Hughes Aircraft Company Video correlation tracker
US4514818A (en) * 1980-12-04 1985-04-30 Quantel Limited Video image creation system which simulates drafting tool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1594341A (en) * 1976-10-14 1981-07-30 Micro Consultants Ltd Picture information processing system for television
GB2020508A (en) * 1978-03-08 1979-11-14 Nippon Electric Co Noise reduction system for colour television signal
GB2102236A (en) * 1978-03-08 1983-01-26 Tokyo Broadcasting Syst Noise reduction system for colour television signal
GB2102651A (en) * 1978-03-08 1983-02-02 Tokyo Broadcasting Syst Noise reduction system for color television signal
GB2020941A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-11-21 Nippon Electric Co Noise reduction system for a television signal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255699A (en) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-11 Marconi Gec Ltd Image restoration using a neural network
GB2255699B (en) * 1991-05-10 1994-09-28 Marconi Gec Ltd Methods and apparatus for image restoration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3606009C1 (en) 1991-03-28
GB8702602D0 (en) 1987-03-11
FR2594981A1 (en) 1987-08-28
GB2187058B (en) 1990-01-17

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19930205