GB2186943A - Method of forming a hollow body - Google Patents

Method of forming a hollow body Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2186943A
GB2186943A GB08604531A GB8604531A GB2186943A GB 2186943 A GB2186943 A GB 2186943A GB 08604531 A GB08604531 A GB 08604531A GB 8604531 A GB8604531 A GB 8604531A GB 2186943 A GB2186943 A GB 2186943A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
roller
supply
hollow body
supplies
hollow bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08604531A
Other versions
GB8604531D0 (en
Inventor
Rex Johansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB08604531A priority Critical patent/GB2186943A/en
Publication of GB8604531D0 publication Critical patent/GB8604531D0/en
Publication of GB2186943A publication Critical patent/GB2186943A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
    • B29D99/0021—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings provided with plain or filled structures, e.g. cores, placed between two or more plates or sheets, e.g. in a matrix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/30—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon
    • B28B1/40—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon by wrapping, e.g. winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/42—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by shaping on or against mandrels or like moulding surfaces
    • B28B21/48—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by shaping on or against mandrels or like moulding surfaces by wrapping, e.g. winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/82—Cores or mandrels
    • B29C53/821—Mandrels especially adapted for winding and joining
    • B29C53/825—Mandrels especially adapted for winding and joining for continuous winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method of forming a hollow body is disclosed, the bodies formed subsequently being useful in constructing buildings for human occupation. Hollow bodies are formed wherein initially non-rigid material 5, 6 of planar surface is continuously fed from first and second supplies 8, 11 onto a rotating roller 1, the planar surface of material 5 from the first supply 8 being formed around the roller circumference, and the second supply 11 feeding material 6 onto material which is already present on the roller 1, adjacent edges of material 5, 6 from the supplies 8, 11 being kept in abutment on the roller 1, supplied material becoming coiled around the roller 1 such that material 6 from second supply 11 becomes superposed above material 5 from the first supply 9, the formed coil being displaced towards an end of the roller 1 for subsequent removal of the required length of hollow body. First and second materials 5,6 are preferably spaced by ribs e.g. 5a and useful materials include settable cementitious compositions or plastics materials. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Method of Forming a Hollow Body This invention concerns a method of forming a hollow body. Although the present method lends itself to forming extrusions of material which are initially pliable or mouldable, the invention may find application in the forming of many initially non-rigid materials whether they are obtained via an extrusion process or some other process which is capable of continuously feeding material.
The invention is principally concerned with forming hollow bodies which may be in the form of pipes or tubes having variable internal diameters. In certain aspects the invention is concerned with forming man-sized or even larger internal diameter hollow bodies.
In the construction of structures which need to be rigid and are designed for human occupation it is a prerequisite that the material employed therein must be capable of withstanding external weather conditions and so protecting the interior and the occupants of the said structure. Such materials as are conventionally used in buildings, for example, hospitals and the like, are expensive and the construction thereof is labour-intensive. It has not proved practicable to use pre-formed sections in the construction of structures for human occupation to any substantial extent.
It is from a consideration of the shortcomings of existing man-made structures that has led to the development of the present invention.
According to this invention there is provided a method of forming a hollow body wherein initially non-rigid material having a planar surface is continuously fed from a first supply and second supply onto a rotating roller, the planar surface of material from the first supply being formed around the roller circumference and the second supply feeding material onto that already present on the roller, adjacent edges of material from the first supply and adjacent edges of material from the second supply being maintained in abutment on the roller, the supplied material becoming coiled around the roller, material from the second supply being superposed above material from the first supply, the coiled material being displaced towards an end of the roller upon rotation thereof and the required length of material then forming a hollow body being removed from the roller.
It is preferred that the first and second supplies both supply the same material which is furthermore preferably an extruded cementitious composition as described in my co-pending United Kingdom Application No. 8530399. It is further preferred that the first supply and second supply are both in the form of continuous extrusion apparatus which may again be as described in my said co-pending U. K.
Application. It is most preferred that not only are both first and second supplies in the form of continuous extrusion apparatus and the material supplied being a settable cementitious composition as aforesaid, but also the exit profiles of the extrusion apparatus correspond in shape and dimension. It is still further preferred that the exit profiles of the said extrustion apparatus are identical in all respects save that the relative orientation of one is inverted in relation to the other.
The roller circumference may correspond in cross-sectional shape to the required end form of the hollow body. Examples of suitable crosssections are circular and hexagonal form.
Since the method is directed to a principally continuous process, material removed from the end of the roller can likewise be removed continuously.
Preferably the size of the roller, the width of material supplied thereto, the rate of revolution of the roller and the nature of the material being supplied are so selected that upon reaching the end of the roller the material has set to a hard condition. In this respect it is preferred to use initially formable cementitious compositions which can meet this condition and may also be relatively inexpensive to purchase initially. Thus, the invention may also find application in the forming of hollow bodies from plastics or other materials providing they are initially non-rigid and can be formed about a roller circumference.
In order that the invention may be illustrated and readily carried into effect, embodiments thereof will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a view of a powered roller having an end-sleeve, Figure 2 is a similar view of a roller together with material fed from a first supply, Figure 3 shows the arrangement with first and second material supply means, Figure 4 shows an alternative configuration of supported roller, Figure 5 shows a cross-section of a formed hollow body, Figure 6 shows a cross-section of cylindrical hollow body, and Figure 7 shows a 'honeycomb' of stacked hollow bodies for human use.
As shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, a large and cylindrical roller 1 is supported at one end by an Aframe 2 behind which powered drive means are located to rotate the roller 1. Although a cylindrical form of roller 1 is shown the external cross-section may alternatively correspond to a polygonal shape, for example, a hexagon as illustrated in Figure 4.
The external circumference of the roller will determine the internal and external surface formations of the hollow bodies formed. The diameter and length of the roller 1 can be selected to produce the required size of hollow body. At the other end of the roller 1, a powered double roller device 3 is shown which provides support for this end of the tube and assists in driving subsequently formed material around this end of the roller. A sleeve 4 is initially located on the roller 1 adjacent the end 13 and having a thickness corresponding to that of material which initially travels over the powered rollers. In use, the sleeve is forced off the end 13 of the roller by displacement of material along the roller circumference.The sleeve is present to assist the transition from roller surface to material surface over the powered rollers and reduce any undesirable displacement or jerkiness which could occur in its absence.
Referring to Figure 2, a first supply means (not shown in detail) is arranged to supply material 5 in the form of a continuous extrusion onto the roller circumference. The material is substantially planar and is provided with two equivalent projecting ribs 5a. Adjacent edges 7 of the first material are maintained in abutment and this assists the bonding together of these edges in the event that a settable composition is used as supply material. By choosing a suitable material 5 and an extrustion apparatus located at 8, by the time the material has reached the end of the tube the composition has preferably set hard. The ribs 5a are present to support material from the second supply and provide a hollow body in which the main structural or load bearing surfaces 9 are separated.The planar under-surface 10 of material supplied from the first supply engages the roller circumference and this becomes coiled around the roller as depicted in Figure 2 whilst simultaneously material from a second supply (Figure 3) is also supplied to the rotating roller 1.
Referring to Figure 3, a second supply at 11 is arranged to continuously feed material 6 (corresponding in all respects with material 5) onto material 5 which is already present on the roller.
Material 6 has an uppermost planar surface 10 which becomes the outer surface, also referenced 10, at the end of the rotating roller. Adjacent edges 12 of material 6 from the second supply are maintained in abutment to assist setting of the material into a rigid condition. Material 6 also has a rib 5a and it may further have a supplementary rib such that its cross-section corresponds substantially or even identically with the cross-section of material 5 from the first supply.
After the required length of supplied material has passed beyond the end of the roller it is removed by suitable cutting means (not shown). Since the material supplies at 8 and 11 can be arranged to continuously dispense material, as in continuous extrusion apparatus, the formed bodies can be supplied continuously and simply cut to the required length for subsequent use.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, a view of a hollow body is shown as it leaves the end of the roller (not shown). Material 5 and 6 has now set to a rigid condition. The external surface 10 provides support for the internal structural and weather protection.
The internal surface 9 can be subsequently modified to accommodate level flooring if required. Hollow bodies of polygonal shape have the advantage of stacking ability to make any required number of 'tiers' or levels in the finished structure. The arrangements of Figures 5 and 6 may have excellent flexural stength and may allow for more economical production of structures. Additional strength is provided by ribs 14 located between the spaced layers.
Figure 7 shows a finished structure in the form of a honeycomb of stacked individual hexagonal bodies. Level floors 15 have been included together with load-bearing reinforcement 16. Stairways 17 are shown for human access to the structure. The individual units 18 can either be constructed on-site or made elsewhere and transported to the required destination.
The invention therefore includes use of hollow bodies formed by the present method in the construction of a structure. The structure may be for human use/occupation and a plurality of hollow bodies may be superimposed to form a honeycomb or network. This is particularly appropriate in the case of hollow bodies having a polygonal shape such as hollow bodies in the form of hexagons.
When cementitious materials are used as the supplied material then strong structures may be rapidly and economically produced.

Claims (16)

1. A method of forming a hollow body wherein initially non-rigid material having a planar surface is continuously fed from a first supply and second supply onto a rotating roller, the planar surface of material from the first supply being formed around the roller circumference and the second supply feeding material onto that already present on the roller, adjacent edges of material from the first supply and adjacent edges of material from the second supply being maintained in abutment on the roller, the supplied material becoming coiled around the roller, material from the second supply being superposed above material from the first supply, the coiled material being displaced towards an end of the roller upon rotation thereof and the required length of material then forming a hollow body being removed from the roller.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second supplies are arranged to supply the same material.
3. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the first and/or second supplies is extruded.
4. Method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material is settable cementitious or plastics material.
5. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the first and second supplies comprise continuous extrusion apparatus.
6. Method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the extrustion apparatus has exit profiles which correspond in shape and diameter.
7. Method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the orientation of one exit profile is inverted with respect to the other exit profile.
8. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the hollow body formed has a polygonal cross-section, preferably being hexagonal.
9. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the roller size, material width, rate of roller revolution and nature of material are selected whereby upon reaching the roller end the material sets to a hard condition.
10. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the roller is partially powered and supported by a double-roller mechanism.
11. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the material supplied from first and/or second supply is formed with projecting ribs for spacing and support.
12. Method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the formed hollow bodies are man-sized or larger in internal diameter.
13. Use of hollow bodies formed by a method as claimed in any preceding claim in the construction of a structure.
14. A structure comprising a honeycomb of stacked hollow bodies formed by a method as claimed in any one of claims 1-12.
15. Methodofforming a hollow body substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in any of the accompanying drawings.
16. A structure formed from a plurality of hollow bodies formed according to any one of claims 1-12 substantially as herein described with reference to any of the accompanying drawings.
GB08604531A 1986-02-24 1986-02-24 Method of forming a hollow body Withdrawn GB2186943A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08604531A GB2186943A (en) 1986-02-24 1986-02-24 Method of forming a hollow body

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08604531A GB2186943A (en) 1986-02-24 1986-02-24 Method of forming a hollow body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8604531D0 GB8604531D0 (en) 1986-04-03
GB2186943A true GB2186943A (en) 1987-08-26

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ID=10593572

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08604531A Withdrawn GB2186943A (en) 1986-02-24 1986-02-24 Method of forming a hollow body

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GB (1) GB2186943A (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1020629A (en) * 1963-10-30 1966-02-23 William Frederic Stahl Coil form and method
GB1347248A (en) * 1970-06-18 1974-02-20 Ici Ltd Tubular products
GB1423728A (en) * 1973-04-09 1976-02-04 Shell Int Research Method of producing a fibre reinforced resin pipe
GB1557849A (en) * 1976-05-14 1979-12-12 Kanao S Method and apparatus for producing tube
GB2045889A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-11-05 Wesch L Manufacture of hollow bodies
GB2087031A (en) * 1980-09-20 1982-05-19 Univ Surrey Pipes
GB2108623A (en) * 1981-09-18 1983-05-18 Shiro Kanao Double-walled corrugated synthetic resin pipe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1020629A (en) * 1963-10-30 1966-02-23 William Frederic Stahl Coil form and method
GB1347248A (en) * 1970-06-18 1974-02-20 Ici Ltd Tubular products
GB1423728A (en) * 1973-04-09 1976-02-04 Shell Int Research Method of producing a fibre reinforced resin pipe
GB1557849A (en) * 1976-05-14 1979-12-12 Kanao S Method and apparatus for producing tube
GB2045889A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-11-05 Wesch L Manufacture of hollow bodies
GB2087031A (en) * 1980-09-20 1982-05-19 Univ Surrey Pipes
GB2108623A (en) * 1981-09-18 1983-05-18 Shiro Kanao Double-walled corrugated synthetic resin pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8604531D0 (en) 1986-04-03

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Legal Events

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)