GB2178982A - Method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2178982A
GB2178982A GB08612823A GB8612823A GB2178982A GB 2178982 A GB2178982 A GB 2178982A GB 08612823 A GB08612823 A GB 08612823A GB 8612823 A GB8612823 A GB 8612823A GB 2178982 A GB2178982 A GB 2178982A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
lift valves
blank
coating
internal combustion
combustion engines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08612823A
Other versions
GB2178982B (en
GB8612823D0 (en
Inventor
Bernd Baitz
Udo Stromer
Thomas Linzen
Axel Jahoda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHWERMASCH LIEBKNECHT VEB K
Original Assignee
SCHWERMASCH LIEBKNECHT VEB K
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCHWERMASCH LIEBKNECHT VEB K filed Critical SCHWERMASCH LIEBKNECHT VEB K
Publication of GB8612823D0 publication Critical patent/GB8612823D0/en
Publication of GB2178982A publication Critical patent/GB2178982A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2178982B publication Critical patent/GB2178982B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/001—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings
    • B23P15/002—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings poppet valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

To avoid needing to apply a coating to geometrically complicated applied or shaped bodies a cylindrical blank is coated a tone end with a plant plate and/or its peripheral surface is coated with a substantially hollow cylindrical shaped body consisting of a highly heat and wear-resistant layer of material or of a plurality of radially and/or axially directed layers of materials of different metallic composition, after which it is subjected to a re-shaping process in that by stretching or upsetting of material, bulb and shank are preformed and are then drop forged and finished by machining processes. Coating is by shrinking-in or explosive plating.

Description

SPECIFICATION Method of producing heavy-duty lift valves for internal combustion engines Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, particularly for producing exhaust valves.
Characteristics of the known technical solutions Lift valves for internal combustion engines are subject to high mechanical and thermal stresses. In addition, there are exacting requirements in terms of wear-resistance, heat conduction capacity and resistance to corrosion from chemical influences in the products of combustion. Whereas the demands of the inlet valve's material are by no means so exacting, the exhaust valve which is exposed to high temperaturs calls for considerable heat resistance which is achieved by using steel alloys containing Cr, Si, Ni, Mo or Mn.
Since no steel is capable of satisfying all the properties desirable in an exhaust valve, it has been obligatory to adopt structural measures at particular locations on the valves.
For example, solutions are known which provide for a complete or partial coating of lift valves by the explosive plating of shaped parts or metal plates preformed to fit the contours of the lift valves.
Sources of information: DE-PS 2 653 729, B 23 P 3/09; DD-PS 216 187, B 23 K 20/08.
These solutions have various drawbacks: - Expensive and complicated apparatus is needed for the plating process.
- By reason of the lift valve geometry, reliable controi of the plating process is very difficult.
- The applied bodies or mouldings are difficult to produce because their internal contours must correspond substantially to the geometry of the lift valves.
Object of the invention The object of the invention is to indicate a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines by which it is possible easily and inexpensively to produce surface-refined lift valves.
Statement of the substance of the invention The problem on which the invention is based is that of developing a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, by which it is possible to provide the endangered zones of the lift valves with a coating while at the same time avoiding geometrically complicated applied or shaped members.
According to the invention, the problem is resolved in that the cylindrical blank is coated at one end with a plane plate and/or the outer peripheral surface thereof is covered with a substantially hollow cylindrical shaped member consisting of a highly heat and wear-resistant layer of material or of a plurality of radially and/or axialiy directed layers of materials of different metallic composition, being then subjected to a conversion process in that, by stretching or upsetting of material, bulb and shank are preformed, after which they are drop forged and subsequently finished by machining processes.
In a development of the invention, the cylindrical blank can be completely or partially coated over the length of its peripheral surface. Furthermore, the coating of the blank can be positive, preferably by the shaped body being shrunk on, or material, preferably by explosive plating. Thus, the plating operation does not require any expensive or complicated apparatus such as would otherwise be needed to fit the applied or shaped bodies onto the lift valve.
Thus, too, a reliable and at any time reproducible metallic connection is provided between the blank and the hollow cylindrical shaped body since geometrically complicated applied bodies which are expensive to produce and which furthermore make the plating process difficult, are unnecessary.
Furthermore, an essential advantage lies in the fact that proven successful manufacturing methods can be used without qualification for producing lift valves since instead of the conventional blank which is cut from bar material, only those blanks are used which have been already provided with a coating.
Example of embodiment It is intended to explain the solution according to the invention with reference to two examples of embodiment.
In the first example, a cylindrical blank consisting of the material X 45 CrNiW 18.9 and having a length:diameter ratio of 10:1, is given an explosive coating of a thick-gauge tube over the total length of its peripheral surface and including an end face, the composition of the coating material being X 6 NiCrTiA1 75.20. This stage is followed by forming of the valve by material stretching by means of fine forging, in fact so that a part of the blank retains in the region of the plated end face the original outside diameter of the cylindrical blank. The bulb which is formed in this way is now, after it has been heated to a re-shaping temperature, forged to produce the valve head. Subsequently, valve head and shank are subjected to a final machining.
In the second example, the cylindrical blank which has a ratio of length to diameter of 50:1 and which consists of the material X 45 CrNiW 18.9, is reduced in diameter over half its length by twice the amount of the tube which is to be plated on explosively.
The next stage is explosive plating onto the prepared cylindrical blank of the tube which consists of the material X 6 NiCrTiA1 75.20. The wall thickness of the tube is in this case approx. 5 mm, the inside diameter of the tube corresponding to the sum of the diameter of the machined part of the cylindrical blank and twice the wall thickness of the tube.
By upsetting of material in the partial plated zone, the bulb is pre-shaped by electrical upsetting which is then, after repeated heating to re-shaping temperature, forged out to produce the valve head. The last stage in the machining is the turning of the outside diameter of shank and valve head.
1. A method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, using cylindrical blanks cut from bar material, characterised in that the
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (5)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Method of producing heavy-duty lift valves for internal combustion engines Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, particularly for producing exhaust valves. Characteristics of the known technical solutions Lift valves for internal combustion engines are subject to high mechanical and thermal stresses. In addition, there are exacting requirements in terms of wear-resistance, heat conduction capacity and resistance to corrosion from chemical influences in the products of combustion. Whereas the demands of the inlet valve's material are by no means so exacting, the exhaust valve which is exposed to high temperaturs calls for considerable heat resistance which is achieved by using steel alloys containing Cr, Si, Ni, Mo or Mn. Since no steel is capable of satisfying all the properties desirable in an exhaust valve, it has been obligatory to adopt structural measures at particular locations on the valves. For example, solutions are known which provide for a complete or partial coating of lift valves by the explosive plating of shaped parts or metal plates preformed to fit the contours of the lift valves. Sources of information: DE-PS 2 653 729, B 23 P 3/09; DD-PS 216 187, B 23 K 20/08. These solutions have various drawbacks: - Expensive and complicated apparatus is needed for the plating process. - By reason of the lift valve geometry, reliable controi of the plating process is very difficult. - The applied bodies or mouldings are difficult to produce because their internal contours must correspond substantially to the geometry of the lift valves. Object of the invention The object of the invention is to indicate a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines by which it is possible easily and inexpensively to produce surface-refined lift valves. Statement of the substance of the invention The problem on which the invention is based is that of developing a method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, by which it is possible to provide the endangered zones of the lift valves with a coating while at the same time avoiding geometrically complicated applied or shaped members. According to the invention, the problem is resolved in that the cylindrical blank is coated at one end with a plane plate and/or the outer peripheral surface thereof is covered with a substantially hollow cylindrical shaped member consisting of a highly heat and wear-resistant layer of material or of a plurality of radially and/or axialiy directed layers of materials of different metallic composition, being then subjected to a conversion process in that, by stretching or upsetting of material, bulb and shank are preformed, after which they are drop forged and subsequently finished by machining processes. In a development of the invention, the cylindrical blank can be completely or partially coated over the length of its peripheral surface. Furthermore, the coating of the blank can be positive, preferably by the shaped body being shrunk on, or material, preferably by explosive plating. Thus, the plating operation does not require any expensive or complicated apparatus such as would otherwise be needed to fit the applied or shaped bodies onto the lift valve. Thus, too, a reliable and at any time reproducible metallic connection is provided between the blank and the hollow cylindrical shaped body since geometrically complicated applied bodies which are expensive to produce and which furthermore make the plating process difficult, are unnecessary. Furthermore, an essential advantage lies in the fact that proven successful manufacturing methods can be used without qualification for producing lift valves since instead of the conventional blank which is cut from bar material, only those blanks are used which have been already provided with a coating. Example of embodiment It is intended to explain the solution according to the invention with reference to two examples of embodiment. In the first example, a cylindrical blank consisting of the material X 45 CrNiW 18.9 and having a length:diameter ratio of 10:1, is given an explosive coating of a thick-gauge tube over the total length of its peripheral surface and including an end face, the composition of the coating material being X 6 NiCrTiA1 75.20. This stage is followed by forming of the valve by material stretching by means of fine forging, in fact so that a part of the blank retains in the region of the plated end face the original outside diameter of the cylindrical blank. The bulb which is formed in this way is now, after it has been heated to a re-shaping temperature, forged to produce the valve head. Subsequently, valve head and shank are subjected to a final machining. In the second example, the cylindrical blank which has a ratio of length to diameter of 50:1 and which consists of the material X 45 CrNiW 18.9, is reduced in diameter over half its length by twice the amount of the tube which is to be plated on explosively. The next stage is explosive plating onto the prepared cylindrical blank of the tube which consists of the material X 6 NiCrTiA1 75.20. The wall thickness of the tube is in this case approx. 5 mm, the inside diameter of the tube corresponding to the sum of the diameter of the machined part of the cylindrical blank and twice the wall thickness of the tube. By upsetting of material in the partial plated zone, the bulb is pre-shaped by electrical upsetting which is then, after repeated heating to re-shaping temperature, forged out to produce the valve head. The last stage in the machining is the turning of the outside diameter of shank and valve head. CLAIMS
1. A method of producing heavy duty lift valves for internal combustion engines, using cylindrical blanks cut from bar material, characterised in that the cylindrical blank is coated at one end with a plane plate and/or its peripheral surface is coated with a substantially hollow cylindrical shaped body consisting of a highly heat and wear-resistant layer of material or a plurality of radially and/or axially directed layers of materials of different metallic composition, being then subjected to a re-shaping process in that by stretching or upsetting of material the bulb and shank are preformed, being then drop forged and subsequently finished by machining processes.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cylindrical blank is completely or partially coated over the length of the peripheral surface.
3. Method according to Claim 1 and 2, characterised in that coating of the blank is positive, preferably by shrinking-on of the shaped body.
4. Method according to Claim 1 and 2, characterised in that coating of the blank is material, preferably by explosive plating.
5. A method for producing heavy duty lift valves as claimed in claim 1 substantially as described in any one of the examples disclosed herein.
GB8612823A 1985-08-09 1986-05-27 Method of producing heavy-duty lift valves for internal combustion engines Expired GB2178982B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD27950285A DD239961A1 (en) 1985-08-09 1985-08-09 METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-APPLY LIFTING VALVES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8612823D0 GB8612823D0 (en) 1986-07-02
GB2178982A true GB2178982A (en) 1987-02-25
GB2178982B GB2178982B (en) 1989-08-02

Family

ID=5570368

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8612823A Expired GB2178982B (en) 1985-08-09 1986-05-27 Method of producing heavy-duty lift valves for internal combustion engines

Country Status (3)

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DD (1) DD239961A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3614185A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2178982B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19746235A1 (en) * 1996-11-02 1998-05-07 Volkswagen Ag Poppet valve manufacturing method for vehicle engine
DE102008037747A1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-02-18 Märkisches Werk GmbH bimetal
DE102011056480A1 (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh Method for producing a formed metallic workpiece with armor
DE102021106647A1 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Armored poppet valve and method for its manufacture

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB593709A (en) * 1944-04-22 1947-10-23 Eaton Mfg Co Improvements in the manufacture of composite metallic poppet valves
GB607205A (en) * 1944-03-31 1948-08-26 Eaton Mfg Co Improvements in or relating to construction of composite metal articles
GB701753A (en) * 1950-04-29 1953-12-30 Teves Gmbh Alfred An improved process for the manufacture of exhaust valve heads for combustion engines
GB818196A (en) * 1957-01-26 1959-08-12 Austin Motor Co Ltd Manufacture of poppet valves for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1826549A (en) * 1924-07-09 1931-10-06 Rich Tool Company Process of making composite valves
DE522326C (en) * 1928-05-09 1931-04-07 Meccanica G Zanzi Off Valve for internal combustion engines
US2431853A (en) * 1945-12-29 1947-12-02 Thompson Prod Inc Method of making composite poppet valves
DE2653729C3 (en) * 1976-11-26 1980-11-27 Krupp Mak Maschinenbau Gmbh, 2300 Kiel Process for the production of waterproof, corrosion-resistant coatings
DE3205183A1 (en) * 1982-02-13 1983-08-25 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh, 7080 Aalen Method of producing a mushroom valve
DE3305448A1 (en) * 1983-02-17 1984-08-23 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh, 7080 Aalen Process for the production of a construction element
DD216187A1 (en) * 1983-06-21 1984-12-05 Skl Magdeburg Veb ARRANGEMENT FOR EXPLOSIVATING A SUPPLEMENTAL BODY ON A LIFTING VALVE

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB607205A (en) * 1944-03-31 1948-08-26 Eaton Mfg Co Improvements in or relating to construction of composite metal articles
GB593709A (en) * 1944-04-22 1947-10-23 Eaton Mfg Co Improvements in the manufacture of composite metallic poppet valves
GB701753A (en) * 1950-04-29 1953-12-30 Teves Gmbh Alfred An improved process for the manufacture of exhaust valve heads for combustion engines
GB818196A (en) * 1957-01-26 1959-08-12 Austin Motor Co Ltd Manufacture of poppet valves for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DD239961A1 (en) 1986-10-15
DE3614185A1 (en) 1987-02-19
GB2178982B (en) 1989-08-02
GB8612823D0 (en) 1986-07-02

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee