GB2176300A - Method and apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2176300A GB2176300A GB08611027A GB8611027A GB2176300A GB 2176300 A GB2176300 A GB 2176300A GB 08611027 A GB08611027 A GB 08611027A GB 8611027 A GB8611027 A GB 8611027A GB 2176300 A GB2176300 A GB 2176300A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glazing
- space
- gas
- facade
- stability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2853—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipe joints or seals
- G01M3/2869—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipe joints or seals for seals not incorporated in a pipe joint
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/5427—Fixing of glass panes or like plates the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/223—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for pipe joints or seals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
Abstract
For testing the stability of structural (frameless) double glazing (12) comprising panes 14, 16 secured together by sealant layers 20, 22 on a peripheral spacer 18, on a facade upright (10) the space (38) enclosed by the facade upright (10), the glazing (12) and the sealing strips (30, 36) holding the glazing on the facade upright is subjected to a gas under pressure. The pressure drop of the gas in the space is determined from time to time so that the quality of the seals (30, 36) can be assessed. Alternatively or additionally the interspace between the panes may be pressurised by means of a valved pipe passing through the peripheral spacer and the integrity of the sealant by securing the panes to the spacer may be determined from time to time in the same manner. In an alternative embodiment for single or double glazing a wall member is sealed to facade elements all round the pane to define between the pane and the wall a space which may be pressurised to enable a leak test to be performed. Instead of measuring the pressure loss with time, neon, metered of air may be inroduced to the space and a probe moved around the seal to be tested to detect escaping gas. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements
The invention relates to a method for testing the stability of frameless glazing sealed onto facade elements, consisting of a pane or an insulating glazing or structural glazing and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
The construction technique known under the term structural glazing" involves securing a glazing in frameless manner at two or four sides to facade elements, such as facade columns or facade transoms. The glazing consists of one pane or a heat or sound insulating glazing comprising several panes and is sealed directly onto the facade elements, the sealing performing not only the sealing functions but also static functions, such as for example transferring wind loads (wind pressure and wind tension) and partly also bearing the weight of the glazing itself; The sealing is effected in particular with a one-component or two-component silicone rubber.
A problem resides in assessing the stability of such a glazing. It is possible to subject such a frameless or structural glazing to tension or shearing until the bond between the glazing and facade element detaches. Such a test is however not possible on existing buildings because after the test the connection between the facade elements and glazing must be reestablished. Until today there was therefore only the possibility of visual inspection, i.e. checking the connection with the aid of a more or less trained eye to detect weak points-since inadequately secured panes endanger persons and property.
The invention is based on the problem of providing a method and an apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing, damage to existing structures being avoided and the uncertainty of visual inspection eliminated.
This problem is solved according to the invention in that a gas under pressure is introduced into the sealed space between the edges of the glazing and the facade elements and/or into the space of the glazing enclosed in each case by two glass panes and any pressure drop with time is determined and/or the sealing is tested with a probe for escaping gas.
It is possible with this method indirectly on the basis of leaks to check firstly the connection between the glazing and the facade elements to which the glazing is secured and secondly the connection between two glass panes of double glazing with any damage to the structure. The measurable pressure loss also eliminates the uncertainty of visual inspection. By means of the method according to the invention it is also possible to make a comparative test, i.e. it is not necessary to replace a glazing having a slight leak if the leak determined is constant over a relatively long period of time and does not increase. It is therefore possible during an approval inspection of a newly constructed building to check the bonds between glazing and facande elements and keep a record of the values determined.After intervals of time of varying length this check can be repeated and from a comparison with the previously determined value it is possible to decide whether the glazing has remained stable or whether a deterioration has occurred which requires changing of the glazing or renewing of the securing. If a gas other than air, for example an inert gas, is used, this gas can be detected by means of a suitable probe if the seal leaks by moving the probe along the seal.
In order in particular with structural insulating glazing to determine whether the bond between the glazing as a whole and the facade elements or only between the glass panes representing the composite glazing is defective a gas under pressure is introduced into the sealed space between the edges of the glazing and the facade elements and the space or the spaces included in each case by two glass panes is or are evacuated or gas under pressure is introduced into the space or spaces enclosed in each case by two panes and the space between the edges of the glazing and the facade elements is vented. This prevents that when a leak is present only a sealing can establish pressure equalization between the spaces to be checked.
A further method according to the invention is characterized in that a space in which the seal is disposed is sealed and into the space a gas is introduced under pressure. This method is used with structural glazing when no space is present which is enclosed by sealing strips sealing the glazing. The pressure drop with time is measured in the previously sealed space and/or a check of the seal is made with a probe when for example a gas such as neon is employed.
A glazing on which the method according to the invention can be carried out is characterized in that on the facade element to which the glazing is secured via sealing strips a valve is arranged with access to the sealed space between glazing and the facade element and/or with double glazing in the spacing profile of the glazing a valve is arranged with access to the space enclosed by two panes.
By connection to a pressure gas source, preferably a compressed air source or a neon gas supply, the gas under pressure can be introduced into the space. When the bond between the glazing and the facade elements or between two panes of a double glazing is no longer one hundred percent intact a pressure drop will occur which can be measured and from the rate of the pressure decrease the quality of the securing can be deduced. Alternatively or additionally a probe may be used to detect any gas escape.
The valves are preferably made in the form of pneumatic tyre valves so that the gas is introduced under pressure and after completion of the test let out again. Other suitable valves would however also be possible.
When such valves are not disposed on the facade elements or there is no sealed space between securing strips, in accordance with a further preferred embodiment behind the glazing a wall is sealingly arranged and in the wall a valve is provided, the valve connected to a pressure gas source and a manometer provided in the wall.
The invention will be explained hereinafter with the aid of examples of embodiment illustrated in the drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a cross-section through a facade column or upright with structural insulating glazing disposed thereon,
Fig. 2 is a section through modified insulating glazing on a facade upright,
Fig. 3 is a section through a facade upright comprising structural glazing and test apparatus disposed thereon,and
Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 3 of double or insulating glazing.
Fig. 1 shows in section part of a facade upright 10 on which insulating glazing 12 is arranged in frameless manner. The insulating glazing 12 consists of an inner pane 14 and an outer pane 16. The connection between the panes 14 and 16 is via a spacing holder 18 running round the edge of the panes which is secured with a sealing layer 20 to the pane
14 and with a sealing layer 22 to the pane
16.
The facade upright 10 comprises at the outer corners steps 24 for support and securing of the insulating glazing 12.
At one supporting face 26 a spacing profile 28 of an elastomer is provided which can take up pressure. The securing between the back of the pane 14 and the support face 26 is via a loadbearing sealing 30. The pane 16 of the insulating glazing 12 has a larger area than the pane 14 and lies with the projecting edge region on a spacing profile 32 of an elastomer which is supported at the outer surface 38 of the facade upright or support profile 10. The securing of the pane 16 to the support -profile 10 is via a loadbearing sealing 36 which is disposed between the face 34 and the back of the pane 16.
The glazing 16, the step 24 of the support profile 10 and the spacing profiles 28 and 32 together with the supporting seals 30 and 36 enclose a space 38. With complete and intact sealing between the support profile 10 and the insulating glazing 12 said space 38 is gastight. A conduit 40 in the form of a flexible tube or other small tube is introduced into the space 38. Through the tube 40 a gas can be introduced into the space 38 with the aid of which the sealing of the loadbearing seals 30 and 34 and thus the stability of the glazing 12 at the support profile 10 can be checked. For this purpose for example compressed air is introduced into the space 38 until a predetermined pressure obtains in said space 48. This pressure can be determined via a manometer arranged in the space 38 or in the course of the tube 40.The small tube 40 is preferably provided with a valve which closes when no more pressure is applied. When the seal 30 and 36 is absolutely tight no pressure drop occurs. If however the sealing strips 30 and 36 are defective compressed air can escape and a pressure drop of varying rapidity takes place. The magnitude of the pressure in the space 38 is chosen so that the sealing between the glazing and the support element is not impaired.
Since the stability of a glazing 12 on a support element 10 can also be ensured when the loadbearing seals 30 and 36 are not absolutely gas-tight, a measurement is carried out as described above for example after installation of the glazing and a record of this measurement is kept. On checking after a period of desired length it can be determined whether the sealing has remained the same or whether a deterioriation has taken place. Acceleration of the pressure drop in the space 38 indicates deterioriation of the stability which may require removal of the glazing 12 from the support profile 10 and reestablishment of the seals 30 and 36.
Instead of air neon can for example be introduced into the space 38. When the seal 30 and/or the seal 36 are not absolutely tight neon can pass through the seals. With a suitable probe by moving over the seals 30 and 36 at the outside it can be determined whether neon gas is escaping. This makes it possible to detect any leaks which allow the quality of the stability of the glazing 12 to be deduced.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 insulating glazings 50 and 52 are secured to a support profile 54. The insulating glazing 50 consists of an outer glass pane 56 and an inner glass pane 58. The panes 56 and 58 are held spaced via an encircling spacer 60. The connection between the panes and the spacer is via seals 62 and 64. The insulating glazing 52 is made in analogous manner. Between the outer face 66 of the support profile 54 and the rear side of the pane 58 a spacing profile 68 of an elastomer is disposed which can be subjected to pressure stress. The securing of the glazing 50 at the support profile 54 is via a loadbearing seal 70.
Through the spacer 60 a small tube or conduit 72 provided with a valve is led. For checking the seals 62 and 64 and thus the stability of the pane 50 a suitable gas can be introduced through the tube 52 into the space enclosed by the panes and the spacer. On the tube 72 or at another suitable point in the spacer 60 a manometer is disposed so that after completion of the introduction of the gas under pressure into the sealed space 74 any pressure drop with time can be determined if the seals 62 and/or 64 are not completely intact. The testing of the stability of the glazing at the support profile 54, i.e. the testing of the state of the loadbearing seal 70, will be explained with reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 two panes 82 and 84 are secured in frameless manner to a support profile 80. Between the outer side 86 of the support profile 80 and the inner side of the pane 82 a spacing profile 88 of an elastomer which can take up pressure is disposed. The securing of the pane 82 to the face 86 is via a loadbearing seal 90.
The pane 84 is secured via a spacing profile 92 and a loadbearing seal 94 to the support profile 80.
For testing the stability of the pane 84 at the support profile 80, i.e. for testing the loadbearing seal 94, on the support profile 80 and the further facade elements not shown a wall or sealing frame 96 is disposed. Said sealing frame 96 is anchored all round via a seal 98 to the facade elements. After installing the wall or sealing frame 96 a space 100 is created in which the loadbearing seal 94 of the pane 84 is disposed. Via a conduit 102 led through the sealing frame 96 a #gas is introduced into the space 100 until a predetermined pressure obtains in the space 100. The indication of the pressure in the space 100 is via a manometer which is not illustrated and which is disposed in the sealing frame 96 and open towards the space 100. The quality of the seal 94 is found by determining whether a pressure drop occurs in the space 100.If it is assumed that the seal 98 is intact this pressure drop can be due to gas escaping from the chamber 100 through flaws in the sealing 94. If an inert gas such as neon is introduced through the conduit 102 into the space 100, by testing the sealing 94 with a suitable probe it can be determined whether and if so at which points is escaping towards the outside through the seal 94. By repeated measurements at predetermined intervals of time it can be tested whether the quality of the seal deteriorates, i.e. whether at some time the instant is reached when the stability of the pane 84 is no longer ensured and a new sealing has to be carried out.
The example of embodiment illustrated in
Fig. 4 differs from the example of embodiment shown in Fig. 3 only in that instead of individual panes insulating glazings 110 and 112 are disposed on a facade support section or profile 114. The insulating glazings 110 and 112 are formed like the insulating glazings of Fig. 2. The securing of the glazings 110 and 112 is via spacing profiles 116 and 118 and loadbearing sealings 120 and 122. To test the sealing 122 a wall or sealing frame 124 is clamped between the facade elements and via a seal 126 sealed with respect to said facade elements. Via a conduit 128 a gas, air or neon, is introduced into the space 130 between the glazing and the sealing frame 124.
From a possible pressure drop in the space 130 after completion of the gas supply and sealing of the conduit 128 the quality of the sealing 122 can be deduced. When neon is introduced as gas into the space 130 apart from a pressure measurement by means of a probe at the outside of the sealing 122 it can be determined where flaws are present in the sealing 122.
The testing of the stability of the glazings 110 and 112 itself, i.e. the test whether the outer pane is secured adequately firmly to the spacer or whether the spacer is sealed adequately firmly to the inner pane, is carried out as outlined with reference to Fig. 2. For this purpose corresponding conduits are provided which are led through the spacers so that in the space between the panes of the glazing 110 and 112 a gas can be introduced to build up a pressure in said space or by means of a probe at the edge of the glazing to check whether the gas is escaping through the seal.
Claims (12)
1. Method for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements, characterized in that a gas under pressure is introduced into the sealed space (38) between the glazing (12) and the facade elements (10) and/or into the space of the glazing (50) enclosed in each case by two glass' panes (56, 58) and any pressure drop with time is determined and/or the sealing is tested with a probe for escaping gas.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that into the sealed space between the glazing and the facade elements a gas is introduced under pressure and the space enclosed by two glass panes is evacuated or vice versa.
3. Method for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements, characterized in that a space (100, 130) in which the sealing (94, 112) is disposed is sealed in gas-tight manner, that into the space (100, 130) a gas is introduced under pressure and that any pressure drop with time of the gas contained in the space (100, 130) is determined and/or the sealing (94, 122) is tested with a probe for escaping gas.
4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is air.
5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is neon.
6. Structural glazing, in particular adapted for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the facade element (10) a conduit (40) with a valve with access to the sealed space (38) between the glazing (12) and the facade element (10) is arranged and/or in the spacing profile (60) of the glazing (50) in the case of an insulating glazing a valve (72) is disposed with access to the space enclosed by in each case two panes (56, 58).
7. Glazing according to claim 6, characterized in that the valves are constructed in the form of pneumatic tyre valves.
8. Apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements, characterized by a wall (96, 124) sealingly disposed behind the glazing (84, 112), a valve (102, 128), a pressure gas source connected to the valve and a manometer being provided in the wail (96, 124).
9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure gas source is a compressed air source.
10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the gas is neon.
11. Method for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements, substantially as described with reference to any one of the accompanying drawings.
12. Apparatus for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed onto facade elements, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3520543 | 1985-06-07 | ||
| DE19853526325 DE3526325A1 (en) | 1985-06-07 | 1985-07-23 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TESTING THE STABILITY OF FRAMELESS GLAZING SEALED ON FACADE ELEMENTS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8611027D0 GB8611027D0 (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| GB2176300A true GB2176300A (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| GB2176300B GB2176300B (en) | 1989-07-05 |
Family
ID=25832941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8611027A Expired GB2176300B (en) | 1985-06-07 | 1986-05-06 | Method for testing the stability of structural glazing sealed on to facade elements |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3526325A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2176300B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK7290A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG75089G (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4848138A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1989-07-18 | Marshall John M | Window gas monitor |
| CN101886969A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-17 | 天津泰邦管材有限公司 | Device for detecting leakproofness of plastic pipe joints |
| JP2014109508A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-12 | Dmg Mori Seiki Co Ltd | Method and device for detecting airtight state of machine tool window part |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1188734A (en) * | 1967-11-10 | 1970-04-22 | Alco Bauzubehorgmbh & Co | Apparatus for Testing the Liquid Tightness and Permeability of Windows, Doors and Like Members. |
| GB2146442A (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-17 | Bl Tech Ltd | Leak detection |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1092636B (en) * | 1957-04-08 | 1960-11-10 | Otto Debus | Glazing beams made of concrete, especially prestressed concrete, for greenhouses |
| US3387416A (en) * | 1965-10-28 | 1968-06-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Sealing and spacing element |
| US4477986A (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1984-10-23 | Bl Technology Limited | Method of, and apparatus for, detecting leaks |
| CA1186165A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1985-04-30 | Wayne Cole | Apparatus and method for assessing the air tightness of a structure |
-
1985
- 1985-07-23 DE DE19853526325 patent/DE3526325A1/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-05-06 GB GB8611027A patent/GB2176300B/en not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-11-21 SG SG75089A patent/SG75089G/en unknown
-
1990
- 1990-02-01 HK HK7290A patent/HK7290A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1188734A (en) * | 1967-11-10 | 1970-04-22 | Alco Bauzubehorgmbh & Co | Apparatus for Testing the Liquid Tightness and Permeability of Windows, Doors and Like Members. |
| GB2146442A (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-17 | Bl Tech Ltd | Leak detection |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WO 82/03917 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4848138A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1989-07-18 | Marshall John M | Window gas monitor |
| CN101886969A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-17 | 天津泰邦管材有限公司 | Device for detecting leakproofness of plastic pipe joints |
| JP2014109508A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-12 | Dmg Mori Seiki Co Ltd | Method and device for detecting airtight state of machine tool window part |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK7290A (en) | 1990-02-09 |
| SG75089G (en) | 1990-04-20 |
| GB8611027D0 (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| DE3526325A1 (en) | 1987-01-15 |
| DE3526325C2 (en) | 1987-05-14 |
| GB2176300B (en) | 1989-07-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20020506 |