GB2168288A - Laminar glass assembly - Google Patents
Laminar glass assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2168288A GB2168288A GB08510008A GB8510008A GB2168288A GB 2168288 A GB2168288 A GB 2168288A GB 08510008 A GB08510008 A GB 08510008A GB 8510008 A GB8510008 A GB 8510008A GB 2168288 A GB2168288 A GB 2168288A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- adhesive
- film
- plastics film
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/08—Glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A laminar glass assembly comprises two parallel sheets of glass 1, 2 with a plastics film 3 disposed between them; film 3, being preferably a polyester-based film directly adhered to the outer glass sheet 2 by a negligibly thin adhesive layer 4 and to the other glass sheet 1 by a resin layer 5 which is of considerable thickness in relation to the thickness of the plastics film 3. The resin layer 5, which is preferably a polyester-based two-component resin, also serves to reinforce the assembly. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Laminar glass assemblies
The invention relates to laminar glass assemblies and is particularly, but by no means exclusively, concerned with such assemblies having solar control and/or energy saving properties
Assemblies are known comprising a sheet of glass to one surface of which is adhered a plastics film having solar control and/or energy saving properties. Such a plastics film may have a metallized or otherwise applied coating which transmits incident sunlight according to the angle of incidence of the sun's rays, the film may provide an ultra-violet barrier, and the coating reflects heat back into the building in which the glass is used.
Assemblies are also known, commonly referred to as "laminated safety glass", which comprise a plastics sheet sandwiched between two sheets of annealed glass to provide strengthened anti-splinter glass for safety and anti-bandit purposes. Due to the use of annealed glass sheets this avoids the distortion which is obtained with homogeneous "toughened" glass.
The object of the invention is to provide laminar glass assemblies providing improved solar control and/or energy saving and/or strength properties as compared with known assemblies.
According to one aspect of the invention, a laminar glass assembly comprises two sheets of glass with a plastics film disposed between them, the plastics film being adhered to each glass sheet by a layer of adhesive with at least one of the adhesive layers being of considerable thickness in relation to the thickness of said plastics film.
Preferably the plastics film is directly adhered to one of the glass sheets by a negligibly thin adhesive layer, and it may be commercially available plastics film provided with a solar control/energy saving coating and an adhesive coating. The latter coating is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive although it may be of a type which is water activated before applying the film to the closely adjacent glass sheet.
Such a plastics film is normally applied to the inner surface of a glass window, where it is susceptible to damage and prone to separation from the glass.
When positioned between two sheets of glass in accordance with the invention it is protected against damage, and the tendency for separation from the glass is overcome.
The plastics film is preferably a polyester-based film, desirably a stretched polyester film as sold
under the trade mark "Melinex", with the two adhesive layers of the invention both being
polyester-compatible adhesives. As already
mentioned one adhesive layer is preferably
provided by a pre-coated pressure-sensitive
adhesive, and the thicker adhesive layer is
preferably a minimum two-component polyester
based resin in-fill with polyester-compatible
adhesive properties and which can be applied to
provide a layer of the desired thickness. Such a
construction not only provides a stable assembly, with complete protection of the plastics film, but the thicker layer of in-fill resin in combination with the plastics film provides a high-strength assembly which is highly resistant to penetration and to splintering.
According to a more limited aspect of the invention a laminar glass assembly comprises two sheets of annealed glass with a polyester-based plastics film disposed between them, the plastics film being directly adhered to one of the sheets of glass by a relatively thin layer of polyestercompatible adhesive and being attached to the other sheet of glass by a synthetic resin layer with polyester-compatible adhesive properties and which is of considerable thickness as compared with the thickness of said plastics film.
Any suitable synthetic resin can be used for the thicker adhesive in-fill layer, the principal requirements being that it is compatible with the plastics film and does not break down and "yellow" under sunlight. To prevent such yellowing a UV inhibitor may be mixed into the resin prior to application thereof. In addition to the twocomponent polyester-based resin already referred to with a polyester-based plastics film, a cold-cure two-component polyurethane resin and a one-part
UV cured acrylic resin have been found useful in practical realizations of the invention.
The plastics film may itself be a laminate of two plastics sheets with a solar control/energy saving layer between them. Such plastics films are commercially available with said layer being a metallized layer applied to one of the plastics sheets prior to lamination thereof, by a vacuum deposition or sputtering process. These films, employing polyester plastics sheets, have properties determined by the nature of the intermediate layer and its method of application. They are conveniently classified as either "low-E film" which has low emissivity and operates to retain heat within a building with which it is used, or "solar control film" which operates to keep the heat from sunlight out of the building. Thus a low-E film is in general used in cooler climates, and a solar control film in the sunnier and warmer ciimates.
When the plastics film is a solar control/energy saving film, conveniently of bi-laminate form, under high-intensity sunlight a considerable temperature
rise can occur within the assembly of the invention,
particularly on the outer side of the film. Thus the assembly should be installed in a building with the thicker adhesive, or resin in-fill, layer on the inner side of the plastics film. Furthermore, it is necessary to use a resin which is stable at the elevated temperatures involved, that is up to at least a temperature of the order of 1oo0F and preferably up to a temperature of 120 F.
According to another aspect of the invention, a
laminar glass assembly comprises inner and outer sheets of annealed glass with a bi-laminate plastics film disposed between them, said film comprising two plastics laminate with an intermediate
metallized solar controi/energy saving layer, the
plastics film being adhered to said outer sheet of
glass by a relatively thin pre-coated adhesive layer
and adhered to said inner sheet of glass by a synthetic resin layer which is of considerable thickness as compared with the thickness of said plastics film, said resin being compatiblewiththe plastics film material and stable without tendency to yellow under sunlight and up to a temperature at least of the order of 100"F, and preferably up to a temperature of 1 200F.
Although an assembly in accordance with the invention conveniently consists of the two sheets of glass, the plastics film and the intervening adhesive layers only, it may comprise three or more sheets of glass with a plasticsfilm similarly disposed between each two adjacent glass sheets. This enables an assembly of extremely high strength to be achieved, for example for use in bandit and bullet proof glass constructions.
The glass sheets preferably have a thickness within the range of 2 to 12 mm, with the plastics film having a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 thousandths of an inch (0.025 to 0.254 mm) with the lower limit being 3 thousandths of an inch (0.076 mmj when strength is a major consideration. The thicker in-fill resin layer may have a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 6.0 mm.
According to another aspect of the invention, a laminar glass assembly comprises two sheets of glass each of which is bonded through a layer of a polyester-compatible adhesive to a polyester-based film of plastics material disposed between the two glass sheets.
The invention will now be further described with
reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings which illustrate, by way of exampie, a laminar glass assembly in accordance with the
invention and a specific embodiment thereof. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the assembly in edge view; and
Fig. 2 similarly illustrates the specific embodiment.
The assembly in accordance with the invention which is illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises two sheets 1 and 2 of annealed glass between which is disposed a plastics film 3. The film 3 is directly adhered to the glass sheet 2 by a thin layer 4 of a resin adhesive, which is of negligible thickness so that the film 3 is effectively directly bonded to the glass sheet 2. The film 3 is adhered to the glass sheet 1 through a thick layer of resin adhesive 5, the sheets 1 and 2 and the film 3 being disposed in parallel relationship.
For the film 3 a stretched polyester-based plastics
is conveniently used, such as that sold under the trade mark "Melinex", and this may be pre-coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive which provides the layer 4. During manufacturetheadhesive-coated surface of the film 3 is applied to and pressed against the glass sheet 2 with full surface contact, and use of the pre-coated plastics film 3 facilitates
machine application to the glass sheet 2. The layer
5, which is in-fill synthetic resin with polyestercompatible adhesive properties and may be of a
minimum two-component form, is now applied by
pouring on to the film 3 which is disposed
horizontally for this purpose, and the glass sheet 1
applied to the resin layer 5 to complete the
assembly.A cold-cure polyurethane resin has been found suitable in practice, as hasa singlecomponent (one part) acrylic resin which is cured by
UV irradiation.
The resin used is stable under sunlight, in particular having no tendency to yeliowing, and to this end may contain a UV inhibitor. It is also stable in the sense that it will not run, break down or delaminate during normal use of the assembly as a window panel installed in a building.
After the resin layer 5 has cured an extremely strong and structurally stable construction is obtained. The resultant laminar assembly is resistant to penetration and splintering, due to the combination of the plastics film 3 with the thick resin layer 5 which provides reinforcement, and the assembly also provides a high degree of fire resistance. These properties are obtained whether or not the film 3 is a clear film.
However, the film 3 is preferably of known form with a sputtered or vacuum deposited metallized coating providing solarcontrol and/or energy saving properties. In this case the solar control/ thermal reflection coating is completely protected within the assembly of the invention, with the use of a polyester-based film with polyester-compatible adhesives providing permanent adhesion at both surfaces of the film 3 sothatfilm separation does not occur.
The glass sheets 1 and 2 have a thickness within the range of 2 to 12 mm, the plastics film 3 has a thickness within the range of 1 to 10 thousandths of an inch (0.025 to 0.254 mm), and the resin layer 5 with polyester-compatible adhesive properties has a thickness within the range of 0.1 to 6.0 mm. If strength is not a major consideration a thinner plastics film 3 may be used, when the minimum thickness could be 1 thousandth of an inch (0.025 mm) or less.
In the specific embodiment of Fig. 2 the plastics film 3 is itself a bi-laminate a fragment of which is shown to a larger scale in inset view. This prelaminated film 3 comprises two thin polyester sheets 3a and 3b with an intermediate solar control and/or energy saving metallic coating 3c which is applied to one of the sheets 3a and 3b prior to lamination thereof. The film 3 is of known form, being commercially available, with the coating 3c applied by a sputtering or vacuum deposition process, being of a nature and application to provide the desired solar control and/or energy saving properties.
When the assembly has solar control properties an elevated internal temperature is produced under incident sunlight, particularly on the outer side of the film 3. Thus the resin layer 5 is such as to be stable up to temperatures of the order of 100 F, and preferably upto 120"F and the assembly is installed in a building with the glass sheet 2 towards the outside of the building.
Claims (20)
1. A laminar glass assembly comprising two sheets of glass with a plastics film disposed
between them, the plastics film being adhered to
each glass sheet by a layer of adhesive with at least one of the adhesive layers being of considerable thickness in relation to the thickness of said plastics film.
2. An assembly according to claim 1, wherein the plastics film is directly adhered to one of said glass sheets by a negligibly thin adhesive layer.
3. An assembly according to claim 2, wherein said plastics film has a solar control and/or energy saving coating and an adhesive coating on one side, both applied to the plastics film priorto incorporation in the assembly with the adhesive coating providing said thin adhesive layer in the assembly.
4. An assembly according to claim 3, wherein said adhesive coating comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
5. An assembly according to claim 3, wherein said adhesive coating is of a type which is water activated before applying the film to the closely adjacent one of said glass sheets.
6. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said plastics film is a polyester-based film, preferably a stretched polyester fil m, with said two adhesive layers both comprising polyester-compatible adhesives.
7. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said plastics film is of polyester-based plastics material and said one adhesive layer is a minimum two-component polyester-based resin in-fill with polyestercompatible adhesive properties, and the other of said adhesive layers is provided by a pressuresensitive adhesive with which the plastics film is pre-coated.
8. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said one adhesive layer is a synthetic resin mixed with a UV inhibitor.
9. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said one adhesive layer is a cold-cure polyurethane resin.
10. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said one adhesive layer is a one-part
UV cured acrylic resin.
11. A laminar glass assembly comprising two sheets of annealed glass with a polyester-based plastics film disposed between them, the plastics film being directly adhered to one of the sheets of glass by a relatively thin layer of polyestercompatible adhesive and being attached to the other sheet of glass by a synthetic resin layer with polyester-compatible adhesive properties and which is of considerably thickness as compared with the thickness of said plastics film.
12. An assembly according to claim 11, wherein said plastics film is itself a laminate of two plastics sheets with a solar control andlor energy saving layer between them.
13. An assembly according to claim 12, wherein said solar control and/or energy saving layer is a metallized layer applied to one of said plastics sheets prior to lamination thereof.
14. An assembly according to claim 11, wherein said plastics film has solar control properties and said synthetic resin layer is stable up to a temperature at least of the order of 100 F.
15. An assembly according to claim 14, wherein said synthetic resin layer is stable up to a temperature of 1 20of.
16. A laminar glass assembly comprising inner and outer sheets of annealed glass with a bilaminate plastics film disposed between them, said film comprising two plastics laminate with an intermediate metallized solar controllenergy saving layer, the plastics film being adhered to said outer sheet of glass by a relatively thin pre-coated adhesive layer and adhered to said inner sheet of glass by a synthetic resin layer which is of considerable thickness as compared with the thickness of said plastics film, said resin being compatible with the plastics film material and stable without tendency to yellow under sunlight and up to a temperature at least of the order of 100"F, and preferably up to a temperature of 120"F.
17. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said glass sheets have a thickness within the range of 2 to 12 mm, said plastics film has a thickness in the range of 1 to 10 thousandths of an inch (0.025 to 0.254 mm), and said one adhesive layer has a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 6.0 mm.
18. A laminar glass assembly comprising two sheets of glass each of which is bonded through a layer of a polyester-compatible adhesive to a polyester-based film of plastics material disposed between the two glass sheets.
19. An assembly according to claim 18, wherein said polyester-based film has a coating providing solar control and/or energy saving properties.
20. A laminar glass assembly constructed substantially as herein particularly described with reference to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU50864/85A AU583325B2 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1985-12-06 | Laminar glass assemblies |
AT85309151T ATE73389T1 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1985-12-16 | LAMINATED GLASS COMPOSITION. |
DE8585309151T DE3585599D1 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1985-12-16 | COMPOSITE GLASS COMPOSITION. |
EP19850309151 EP0186407B1 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1985-12-16 | Laminar glass assemblies |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB848431713A GB8431713D0 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1984-12-15 | Laminar glass assemblies |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8510008D0 GB8510008D0 (en) | 1985-05-30 |
GB2168288A true GB2168288A (en) | 1986-06-18 |
GB2168288B GB2168288B (en) | 1988-11-02 |
Family
ID=10571252
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB848431713A Pending GB8431713D0 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1984-12-15 | Laminar glass assemblies |
GB08510008A Expired GB2168288B (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1985-04-18 | Laminar glass assemblies |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB848431713A Pending GB8431713D0 (en) | 1984-12-15 | 1984-12-15 | Laminar glass assemblies |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA1269604A (en) |
GB (2) | GB8431713D0 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA859388B (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1110377A (en) * | 1965-10-11 | 1968-04-18 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Curved laminate |
GB1138619A (en) * | 1965-05-06 | 1969-01-01 | Triplex Safety Glass Co | Improvements in or relating to laminated transparent assemblies |
GB1193066A (en) * | 1966-07-15 | 1970-05-28 | English Electric Co Ltd | Attack-Resistant Laminated Structures. |
-
1984
- 1984-12-15 GB GB848431713A patent/GB8431713D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-04-18 GB GB08510008A patent/GB2168288B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-24 CA CA000480008A patent/CA1269604A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-09 ZA ZA859388A patent/ZA859388B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1138619A (en) * | 1965-05-06 | 1969-01-01 | Triplex Safety Glass Co | Improvements in or relating to laminated transparent assemblies |
GB1110377A (en) * | 1965-10-11 | 1968-04-18 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Curved laminate |
GB1193066A (en) * | 1966-07-15 | 1970-05-28 | English Electric Co Ltd | Attack-Resistant Laminated Structures. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8510008D0 (en) | 1985-05-30 |
ZA859388B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
GB2168288B (en) | 1988-11-02 |
CA1269604A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
GB8431713D0 (en) | 1985-01-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19970418 |