GB2165360A - Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring organic compounds in an aqueous stream - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring organic compounds in an aqueous stream Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2165360A GB2165360A GB08524441A GB8524441A GB2165360A GB 2165360 A GB2165360 A GB 2165360A GB 08524441 A GB08524441 A GB 08524441A GB 8524441 A GB8524441 A GB 8524441A GB 2165360 A GB2165360 A GB 2165360A
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- sample
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- flow
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1826—Organic contamination in water
- G01N33/1846—Total carbon analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/021—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance before and after chemical transformation of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/005—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods investigating the presence of an element by oxidation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
A method and an apparatus for the continuous monitoring of organic compounds in an aqueous sample stream. The sample stream is irradiated during passage through an ultraviolet light reaction zone in the presence of oxygen to partially oxidise the organic compounds for conversion to the corresponding ionized organic acid. The conductivity of the stream is then detected by passage through a conductivity detector 42. The gases in the stream may be sparged prior to detection. The conductivity of the stream may also be measured before irradiation. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring organic compounds in an aqueous stream
A number of devices monitor the presence of organic compounds in aqueous streams. Potential uses for such devices include the monitoring of aqueous streams in chemical plants, water purification plants, power plants, food processing plants, semiconductor plants, pharmaceutical plants and the like.
In one approach, disclosed in Regan, U.S.
3,958,941, an aqueous sample is periodically injected into a line which feeds into a reactor in which it is exposed to ultraviolet irradiation which oxidizes the organic carbon content to
CO2 gas. The generated CO2 is mixed with water in a resistivity (or conductivity) cell which is stated to measure the amount of initially present organic carbon as a decrease in resistance in water present in the resistivity cell. Air strips off water insoluble gases and bubbles through deionized water held separately in the resistivity cell. The gases are reabsorbed therein, and the conductivity is measured as an indication of gases is ionized in the water. Possible gases include CO2 and
H2S. This system is primarily useful for analysis of high purity water and is based on the complete oxidation of organics to carbon dioxide.It is a complicated and expensive system to build and its batch-type sample addition limits the time when samples may be detected and requires the presence of a technician to periodically inject sample. Also, it requires complete oxidation to CO2 which is difficult and time consuming.
Another batch-type ultraviolet system is sold by Anatel Instrument Corporation of Boulder, Colorado., under the designation A-100
TOC. It suffers from the deficiences of batch operation discussed above. Also, it is subject to malfunction due to valve opening and closing operations for each cycle. Furthermore, it is relatively expensive because it requires sophisticated electronics to measure rate changes during the oxidation cycle.
In accordance with the present invention, a sample aqueous stream including one or more organic compounds capable of partial oxidation to acid form are flowed continuously through an ultraviolet light reactor in which the sample is exposed to ultraviolet light in the presence of oxygen under conditions to partially oxidize the organic compounds to convert at least a portion of them to their corresponding ionized organic acid. Thereafter, the sample stream continuously flows through a conductivity cell in which the changing conductivity of the sample is detected as an indication of the presence of organic compound in the sample stream which has been converted to ionized form.Since the partially oxidized organic acids are detected in water, it may be desirable to sparge gases from the liquid stream prior to detection by the conductivity detector in order to remove interference from gases ionized in the liquid such as carbon dioxide. The background conductivity of the entering sample stream may be measured to determine the difference in conductivity caused by ultraviolet exposure. This system is particularly effective for measuring organic compounds in the sample which flow in a relatively constant concentration so that the spill of a chemical into such a constant background sample stream is readily detected.
The ultraviolet reactor includes an ultraviolet lamp with a surrounding flow-through channel through which the sample stream and oxygen continuously pass for exposure of the sample to the ultraviolet light. A conduit connects the liquid outlet from the ultraviolet reactor to a conductivity cell in which the conductivity is measured as an indication of the presence of organic compounds in the sample stream. A second conductivity detector may be included to measure background conductivity prior to passing through the ultraviolet reactor. This continuous monitoring device is a major simplification of devices of the prior art and permits continuous monitoring of a sample stream without periodic sampling. Also, it provides very high sensitivity.
The sole Figure is a schematic representation of a device suitable for performing the present invention.
Referring to the Figure, a schematic view is illustrated of monitoring apparatus 10 suitable for use in the present system. A sample is continuously withdrawn from the process stream to be monitored. The system is applicable to monitoring flow lines of chemical plants for organic loading and product loss, monitoring water purification streams for raw unfinished water quality, monitoring boiler feed and condensate purity in power plants, monitoring the purity of process water and deionized water in semiconductor plants, food process plants, and the like.
In the illustrated embodiment, a sample from one of the foregoing sources is passed through line 12 into flow control valve 14 and is pumped by pump 16 through flow meter 18, through conductivity detector 20 and into the bottom of vertically disposed ultraviolet reactor 22. The pump is not required when the sample is supplied under adequate pressure.
The purpose of optional conductivity detector 20 is to measure the background conductivity of the sample stream prior to treatment in reactor 22 as set out below. Conductivity detector 20 is not necessary where the background conductivity is relatively constant or at a sufficiently low level in comparison to that of the treated product stream. The conductivity detector may be of a conventional type.
A source of oxygen under pressure, such as pure oxygen or air, is directed through line 24, flow control valve 26, flow meter 28, and into the bottom of ultraviolet reactor 22.
Referring specifically to the ultraviolet reactor, it includes an elongate cylindrical housing 30, suitably formed of glass, which narrows to form an inlet neck portion 30a for the oxygen-containing gas and includes a side arm inlet 30b to flow sample into the lower portion of housing 30.
Means is provided for irradiating the liquid stream sample flowing through reactor 22. In the illustrated embodiment, such means includes a conventional ultraviolet lamp 34, typically rated at 30 watts, which is mounted to extend into and concentrically along housing 22 spaced therefrom to form an annular flowthrough channel 36 for the continuous passage of sample and gas upwardly through reactor 22 and past the ultraviolet lamp. As illustrated, the lower or upstream side of lamp 34 is disposed generally adjacent to the inlet flow of sample and oxygen gas. Lamp 34 suitably includes a screw-threaded mounting plug 35 which mates with corresponding threads of top opening 30c of housing 30 in a gas-tight fit. Appropriate electrical connections 38 are provided for the ultraviolet lamp.
A liquid outlet conduit or line 40 communicates with an opening in housing 30 to provide an outlet flow path for liquid which has been irradiated in housing 30. Such liquid flows directly through line 40, through conductivity detector 42, and exits via outlet 44.
Conductivity detector 42 may be of the same type as detector 20.
Means are provided for sparging the gases from the treated sample stream in the form of an overflow outlet 46 communicating with flow channel 36. Gases injected into the bottom of the reactor 22 rise to the top and overflow through line 46 to remove most of the gases from the system prior to detection by conductivity detector 42.
In operation, a liquid sample flows through flow control valve 14, pump 16 and flow meter 18 into the bottom of cylindrical housing 30. A suitable flow rate is on the order of 1 ml/min. to 10 ml/min. Simultaneously, oxygen flows through flow meter 28 at a typical rate of 10 ml/min. to 100 ml/min. and into the bottom of housing 30. At the bottom of the housing, the gas forms into a concentrated mass of bubbles which diffuse upwardly through the housing to provide oxygen bubbles dispersed in annular flow channel 36.
The length of flow channel 36 is adjusted to provide adequate residence time for the organic compounds to be partially oxidized to their corresponding acid forms caused by irradiation with ultraviolet light emitted by lamp 34. The precise conditions to accomplish this objective are a function of the organic compounds in the sample, the flow of sample, the concentration of oxygen in the sample, the residence time, and the type of ultraviolet light emitted by the lamp. These parameters can be determined for the particular sample streams to be analyzed. The residence time may be controlled by adjusting the sample flow rate.
As discussed above, the conditions are maintained to assure that partial oxidation of the organic compounds in the sample rather than full oxidation are obtained. This is not difficult as complete oxidation of the organic compounds to carbon dioxide is slow and difficult with ultraviolet irradiation only. In that regard, it is preferable to exclude oxidation catalysts such as persulfate which are known to facilitate such complete conversion.
The major portion of the gas bubbles in the sample are permitted to overflow in the gas head space above the liquid level and out overflow pipe 46. The liquid outlet 40 is below the overflow pipe and so includes substantially all of the liquid flow in the system which passes through conductivity detector 42.
As set forth above, the conditions are adjusted to favor partial conversion to the acid form of the organic compounds rather than full conversion to carbon dioxide. However, at least a portion of the organic compounds typically will be fully oxidized. To more accurately measure the converted organic acids, it is preferable to remove entrained gases from the systems such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide to avoid interference in the signal produced conductivity detector 42. However, it has been found that carbon dioxide does not produce a major increase in conductivity in comparison to organic acids. Accordingly, if desired, sparging of the gases may be eliminated.
In the illustrated embodiment, a conductivity detector 20 disposed prior to treatment of sample is used together with conductivity detector 42. Thus, detector 20 provides a constant background reading against which the signal of conductivity detector 42 is measured. An accurate detection of the organic compounds in the original stream which have been converted to ionizable acid form is accomplished by subtracting the background conductivity detected in detector 20 from the conductivity signal of detector 42. However, conductivity detector 20 is optional for those sample streams in which the background conductivity is relatively constant or where it is extremely low, such as process water in a semiconductor plant. However, if the source of sample is subject to wide variations in background conductivity, it would be preferable to include the additional conductivity detector.
It has been found that the oxidation intermediates (organic acids) are strongly ionized in comparison to the complete oxidation product of carbon dioxide. A relatively short residence time is required for such partial conversion.
Thus, the sample stream itself containing such oxidation intermediates can be continuously reacted in a reasonably sized reactor. This permits continuous flow through conductivity detector 42 for constant measurement without the requirement of periodic sample injection.
Once the oxidation conditions are predetermined for the particular sample to be analyzed, the response is highly stable and reproducable.
It is noted that the photochemical oxidation of various organic compounds produce many different intermediates and the reaction kinetics are also different. Therefore, different compounds produce different conductivity signals.
Some examples are shown below based on initial concentration of each organic compound of 50 ppm of carbon content in the sample:
Response
mmho
Acetone 59.4
Methanol 20
Propanol 86.4
Citric Acid 120
Acetic Acid 61
Sucrose 120
Phenol 140
Photochemical oxidation of organics is relatively complicated. Accordingly, the same response will not be obtained from the oxidation of different organics. The system is very useful when there is little variation in the overall chemical compositions of the samples to be detected. The system is particularly effective in measuring a spill or sudden increase of the concentration of an organic compound into a nearly constant background sample stream.
In addition to the foregoing detection of organics, the system can also detect sudden increases in ionized inorganics to set off an alarm (not shown) if the conductivity exceeds the preset level. For example, such inorganic compounds may include ionized salts, chlorine or acids which may spill into the system.
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the following specific example of its practice is employed:
Example
In this system, apparatus of the type schematically disclosed is utilized with the exception that conductivity detector 20 is not employed. The sample includes methanol in water at a concentration of 50 ppm of carbon at a constat flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. Oxygen at a flow rate of 15 ml/min. is fed into the bottom of the reactor. The UV light is emitted from a 30 watt lamp supplied by Jelight.
About 6% of the methanal is converted to formic acid to provide a conductance of 65 ,umho. Conversely, about 45% of the methanol is converted to carbon dioxide which provided a conductance of only 5imho. The methanol and other intermediaries remaining (49%) do not affect conductance. In this example, it is apparent that over 90% of the total conductance is due to the formic acid even though only about 6% of methanol is converted to formic acid.
Claims (12)
1. A method for continuously monitoring a sample aqueous stream for organic compounds by detecting at least one organic compound in the stream, where the organic compound is capable of being partially oxidised to an acid form; which method comprises:
(a) continuously flowing the sample steam through the flow-through channel of an ultraviolet light reaction zone,
b) continously irradiating the sample stream in the reaction zone with ultraviolet light in the presence of oxygen to partially oxidise at least some of the organic compound for conversion to a corresponding ionized organic acid, and
(c) continuously flowing the irradiated liquid sample stream through a first conductivity detector in which the conductivity of the sample is detected as an indication of the presence of the organic compound therein which has been converted to an ionized acid form in the sample stream.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1 wherein a source of oxygen is injected into the reaction zone.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1 or
Claim 2 wherein the gases are sparged from the liquid stream before detection by the first conductivity detector.
4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein prior to step (a), the background conductivity of the sample stream is measured by a second conductivity detector.
5. A method as claimed in any one of
Claims 2 to 4 wherein the oxygen flows at a rate of from 10ml/min to 100ml/min.
6. A method as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 4 wherein the liquid sample stream flows flows at a rate of from 1 mI/min to lOmI/min.
7. Monitoring apparatus for the continuous detection of at least one organic compound in an aqueous sample stream, where the organic compound is capable of partial oxidation to an acid form; the apparatus comprising:
(a) an ultraviolet reactor means including a liquid sample flow-through channel with a liquid sample inlet and a liquid sample outlet,
(b) means for the continuous addition of the liquid sample through the inlet of the flow through channel,
(c) means for exposing the flow through channel to ultraviolet light,
(d) means for continuously supplying an oxygen containing stream to the flow-through channel,
(e) first conductivity detection means, and
(f) a liquid conduit for continuously flowing liquid from the liquid outlet of the flowthrough channel directly to the first conductivity detection means.
8. Monitoring apparatus as claimed in
Claim 7 which includes a sparging outlet for removing gases from the flow-through channel upstream of the liquid outlet.
9. A monitoring apparatus as claimed in
Claim 7 or Claim 8 in which the liquid conduit is the only source of liquid to the conductivity detection means.
10. A monitoring apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 7 to 9 which includes a second conductivity detection means placed upstream of the flow-through channel inlet.
11. A method as claimed in Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Example.
12. Monitoring apparatus as claimed in
Claim 7 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the single figure.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US65750384A | 1984-10-03 | 1984-10-03 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8524441D0 GB8524441D0 (en) | 1985-11-06 |
| GB2165360A true GB2165360A (en) | 1986-04-09 |
| GB2165360B GB2165360B (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=24637449
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08524441A Expired GB2165360B (en) | 1984-10-03 | 1985-10-03 | Method and apparatus for continuously monitoring organic compounds in an aqueous stream |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61172058A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3535029A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2165360B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0433499A1 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1991-06-26 | Ionics Incorporated | Apparatus for monitoring the quality of water |
| EP0570681A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-24 | Hüls Aktiengesellschaft | Method for identifying decomposable organic compounds in water |
| BE1006327A3 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1994-07-26 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie Societe A | Detection device and / or separation and measurement phase change. |
| EP0730153A2 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-09-04 | ISCO, Inc. | Water impurity analyzer |
| US5994146A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1999-11-30 | Isco, Inc. | Water impurity analysis method |
| WO2010049810A3 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-10-28 | Sanjuan Marco E | Method and apparatus for on-line estimation and forecasting of species concentration during a reaction |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63299722A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-12-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Voltage regulation relay |
| JPH0514206Y2 (en) * | 1987-08-25 | 1993-04-15 | ||
| DE3811540A1 (en) * | 1988-04-06 | 1989-10-19 | Gimat | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CHEMICAL OXYGEN NEED OF HOT WATER AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| JP4112360B2 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2008-07-02 | シーヴァーズ インスツルメンツ，インク． | Pulse flow total organic carbon analyzer |
| JP2006219162A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-24 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | Bag-in box |
| TWI667466B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-08-01 | 總翔企業股份有限公司 | Water Sample Analyzing Apparatus |
| GB201900016D0 (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-02-13 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Air treatment apparatus |
| DE102019132869A1 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-10 | Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg | Measuring device and method for determining the total organic carbon of a dissolved sample |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1509391A (en) * | 1975-02-06 | 1978-05-04 | Sybron Corp | Measurement of organic carbon |
| GB2015169A (en) * | 1978-02-23 | 1979-09-05 | Tracor | Method and Apparatus for Analyzing Ionizable Materials |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5292591A (en) * | 1976-01-30 | 1977-08-04 | Nippon Mining Co | Water quality inspecting apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-10-01 DE DE19853535029 patent/DE3535029A1/en active Granted
- 1985-10-03 GB GB08524441A patent/GB2165360B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-10-03 JP JP60221128A patent/JPS61172058A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1509391A (en) * | 1975-02-06 | 1978-05-04 | Sybron Corp | Measurement of organic carbon |
| GB2015169A (en) * | 1978-02-23 | 1979-09-05 | Tracor | Method and Apparatus for Analyzing Ionizable Materials |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1006327A3 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1994-07-26 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie Societe A | Detection device and / or separation and measurement phase change. |
| EP0433499A1 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1991-06-26 | Ionics Incorporated | Apparatus for monitoring the quality of water |
| EP0570681A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-24 | Hüls Aktiengesellschaft | Method for identifying decomposable organic compounds in water |
| EP0730153A2 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-09-04 | ISCO, Inc. | Water impurity analyzer |
| EP0730153A3 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1998-08-05 | ISCO, Inc. | Water impurity analyzer |
| US5994146A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1999-11-30 | Isco, Inc. | Water impurity analysis method |
| US6123904A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 2000-09-26 | Isco, Inc. | Water impurity analyzer |
| WO2010049810A3 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-10-28 | Sanjuan Marco E | Method and apparatus for on-line estimation and forecasting of species concentration during a reaction |
| US8390446B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2013-03-05 | Fundacion Universidad Del Norte | Method and apparatus for on-line estimation and forecasting of species concentration during a reaction by measuring electrical conductivity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3535029A1 (en) | 1986-04-03 |
| GB8524441D0 (en) | 1985-11-06 |
| GB2165360B (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| DE3535029C2 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
| JPS61172058A (en) | 1986-08-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20011003 |