GB2148271A - Refractory brick mixture enriched with metallic elements in bulk - Google Patents
Refractory brick mixture enriched with metallic elements in bulk Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2148271A GB2148271A GB08425231A GB8425231A GB2148271A GB 2148271 A GB2148271 A GB 2148271A GB 08425231 A GB08425231 A GB 08425231A GB 8425231 A GB8425231 A GB 8425231A GB 2148271 A GB2148271 A GB 2148271A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bulk
- dolomite
- metallic material
- refractory brick
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/74—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing shaped metallic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/06—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/74—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing shaped metallic materials
- C04B35/76—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
In order to improve the strength of refractory bricks or blocks made of dolomite, magnesite and/or other similar refractory materials, possibly with a binder, a metallic material in bulk is added to the initial mixture, the metallic material preferably being in the form of steel needles, chips, small balls or filaments.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Refractory bricks made of a mixture enriched with metallic elements in bulk
The invention relates to a refractory brick made of dolomite, magnesite and other similar refractory materials, either singly or in combination, in the possible presence of a binder wherein a metallic material in bulk is added to the mixture, the said metallic material consisting preferably of steel needles.
Specification
The object of this invention consists of a refractory brick or block made of a mixture enriched with metallic elements in bulk.
The mixture consists prevailingly of a basis of magnesite, dolomite, and/or other refractory and insulating materials; if required, other suitable binders may be provided, such as tar, resins pitch, or other additives, used either singly or in combination.
The mixture thus made is successively treated with presses and/or vibrators to give it the desired shape. It is known that refractory bricks must undergo a preliminary high temperature baking process, to increase their compactedness and strength, or a hardening and tempering process at approximately 300 C, in order to move away at least the volatile parts of tar. The said baking or hardening and tempering processes lead obviously to an increase in manufacturing costs. This inconvenience is overcome by the present invention, by enriching the brick mixture with metallic material in bulk, or other relatively small pieces of metal, during the preparation stage.
The refractory brick thus enriched acquires a strength which will permit to proceed directly to its utilization, doing without the above said processes even in those cases where up to this time they had proven to be indispensable.
Besides the above said metal needles, it is possible to use conveniently metal fibers in bulk, metal balls, chips and the like.
The present invention provides molded refractory elements as set forth in Claims 1 or 5. Claims 2 - 4 claim preferred features of the invention. The objects and advantages are of various kinds, and will appear from the following specification with particular reference to the following examples.
Example No 1
For the preparation of dolomite, tarred and crude bricks for metallurgical use, start from the following components: - dolomite (granulometry: 0- 2 mm) ........................................ 50% - dolomite (granulometry: 2- 4 mm) ................................... 25% - dolomite (granulometry: 4- 8 mm) ........................................ 15% - dolomite (granulometry: 8- 12mm) 10% - stainless steel needles (0.40mm diameter and 25 mm length) ........................................ 3% - tar 5% The mixture thus obtained is pressed in molds of the shape of the desired brick; after being molded, the brick can be used directly in the installation. As a rule, bricks of this kind with no addition of steel needles, if intended to bear heavy work conditions, are submitted to high temperature baking.They may also undergo a 300 C hardening and tempering process, to move away the volatile parts of tar, so that during the first furnace heating stage they are prevented from the danger of collapsing on account of tar softening.
The addition of metallic parts prevents the bricks from collapsing, and it is therefore safe to use them crude.
Example No 2
For the preparation of hardened and tempered dolomite tarred blocks, start from the following components: - dolomite (granulometry: 0- 2 mm) ...................................... 40% - dolomite (granulometry: 2- 4 mm) ........................................ 30% - dolomite (granulometry: 4- 8 mm) ........................................ 20% - dolomite (granulometry: 8- 14mm) 10% -tar 5% - common steel needles (diameter 0.5 mm; length 35 mm) ........................................ 1.5%
The mixture thus obtained is made to vibrate in suitable molds subject to 300 C hardening and tempering, after which the block is ready for use.
The dolomite, magnesite, and similar blocks are as rule crude, because the danger of collapsing during the heating stage is prevented by their huge size and reciprocal support in the installation. In this case, the addition of metallic parts permits to subject them to hardening and tempering, for ecological reasons, when required.
Indeed if the big blocks, without the metal component which is the object of the present invention, are placed singly in the hardening and tempering furnace, they will collapse because of the lack of a reciprocal interaction support dependent on the toroidal structure of the masonry installation, which expands during the heating stage and causes the blocks to press against one another and against the surrounding furnace wall, thus preventing the blocks to collapse inwards, due to the vault shape of the said installation.
Example No 3
For the preparation of magnesite bricks, tarred and possibly hardened and tempered, start from the following components: - magnesite (granulometry: 0- 2 mm) ........................................ 50% - magnesite (granulometry: 2- 4 mm) ........................................ 30% - magnesite (granulometry: 4- 8 mm) ........................................ 20% - tar 5% - stainless steel needles (diameter 40 mm; length 25 mm) ........................................ 2%
The bricks are obtained after pouring the mixture into molds where they are subjected to pressure. A possible hardening and tempering process may be carried out by raising the bricks' temperature up to 3000C.
In this case, the hardening and tempering process can be carried out faster and more regularly, because the temperatures of the inner and outer brick walls become quickly even due to the conductivity of the added iron, thus preventing the formation of stresses with possible flaws and strains; the process is thus sped up, with consequent cost reduction and productivity increase.
In conclusion the bricks or blocks according to the invention yield greater mechanical strength and dimensional stability, both in cold or hot working. Their greater strength allows them to bear more easily the delicate manipulations and stresses which they undergo during the furnace pre-heating and heating stages: it has also been noticed that there are less internal stresses due to thermal differences, a fact which increases the life of the installed brick.
As a consequence, doing without the baking or hardening and tempering stages has no drawbacks as far as the life and behaviour of the installed bricks are concerned; actually, it leads to a reduction in the number of rejected pieces during the intermediate manipulations. Although for specification reasons the present invention is described with particular reference to the above examples, many modifications and variants can be made in the embodiment of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A molded refractory element, such as refractory bricks or blocks, characterized in that it consists of a mixture basically of dolomite, magnesite and the like, taken singly or in combination, with the possible addition of a binder, such as tar, pitch, or the like, wherein a metallic material is added to the mixture, in the form of chips, small balls, needles and filaments in general, either singly or in combination.
2. A molded refractory element, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the said metallic material is present preferably in a quantity by weight comprised between 0.5 and 5.0%.
3. A molded refractory element, according to either of the previous claims, characterized in that the said metallic material in bulk is added in the form of needles, the diameter of which is 0.1 to 1.0 mm and the length is 10 to 100mm.
4. A molded refractory element, according to claim 3, characterised in that the length of the needles is 15-20 mm.
5. A molded refractory element, substantially as herein described with reference to any of the foregoing
Examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT8312646A IT1208984B (en) | 1983-10-18 | 1983-10-18 | REFRACTORY BRICK FORMED FROM A MIX ENRICHED WITH METALLIC ELEMENTS IN BULK |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8425231D0 GB8425231D0 (en) | 1984-11-14 |
| GB2148271A true GB2148271A (en) | 1985-05-30 |
Family
ID=11142463
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08425231A Withdrawn GB2148271A (en) | 1983-10-18 | 1984-10-05 | Refractory brick mixture enriched with metallic elements in bulk |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3438082A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2148271A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1208984B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2287461A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-09-20 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Refractory brick |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19643111C2 (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2003-04-03 | Hans Wienand | Use of stones for the steel industry |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB713811A (en) * | 1952-04-29 | 1954-08-18 | Russell Pearce Heuer | Improvements in and relating to basic refractory bricks and other basic refractory products |
| GB880060A (en) * | 1960-02-22 | 1961-10-18 | Mineralimpex Magyar Olaj Es Ba | Improvements in or relating to refractory bricks |
| US4315992A (en) * | 1979-08-10 | 1982-02-16 | Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft | Carbon-containing and uncarbonized sinter magnesia refractories |
-
1983
- 1983-10-18 IT IT8312646A patent/IT1208984B/en active
-
1984
- 1984-10-05 GB GB08425231A patent/GB2148271A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-10-17 DE DE19843438082 patent/DE3438082A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB713811A (en) * | 1952-04-29 | 1954-08-18 | Russell Pearce Heuer | Improvements in and relating to basic refractory bricks and other basic refractory products |
| GB880060A (en) * | 1960-02-22 | 1961-10-18 | Mineralimpex Magyar Olaj Es Ba | Improvements in or relating to refractory bricks |
| US4315992A (en) * | 1979-08-10 | 1982-02-16 | Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft | Carbon-containing and uncarbonized sinter magnesia refractories |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2287461A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-09-20 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Refractory brick |
| AU678679B2 (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1997-06-05 | Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft Fur Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse | Refractory brick |
| GB2287461B (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1997-11-05 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Refractory brick |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8425231D0 (en) | 1984-11-14 |
| IT8312646A0 (en) | 1983-10-18 |
| IT1208984B (en) | 1989-07-10 |
| DE3438082A1 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |