GB2143879A - Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2143879A GB2143879A GB08417849A GB8417849A GB2143879A GB 2143879 A GB2143879 A GB 2143879A GB 08417849 A GB08417849 A GB 08417849A GB 8417849 A GB8417849 A GB 8417849A GB 2143879 A GB2143879 A GB 2143879A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- drilling
- rotation
- axis
- rotary drilling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/068—Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A method of and apparatus for the directional drilling in underground rock formations makes use of a rotary drilling tool (18) which consists of a housing (1) in the form of a straight tube which can be connected to a drilling string, a deep-hole motor (2) disposed in this and a shaft (3) which is connected to the rotor of the motor, is mounted in the housing for rotation about an axis of rotation (6) differing from the longitudinal axis (7) of the housing (1) and emerges from the housing at the lower end of this, and at the front end of which there is mounted a rotary drilling bit (5) in alignment with the driven shaft. For straight drilling, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are set in their own but slow rotation while in order to bend the drilling at an angle out of a preset direction, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are aligned and held against rotation. The axis (6) of rotation of shaft (3) may be inclined relative to the axis (7) of housing (1) or may be parallel to, but offset from, the axis (7). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations.
In a known method of this type (DE-AS 11 08 640), different rotary drilling tools are used for straight drilling on the one hand and for drilling in a direction at an angle on the other hand. In order to bend the direction of drilling out of a preset direction, the whole drilling string has to be withdrawn and then lowered into the borehole again after changing the rotary drilling tool before it is possible to begin drilling in an oblique direction. In order to guide the housing of the rotary drilling tool during drilling in an oblique direction, the housing is provided with an external guide bar.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus which renders possible an immediate free change of direction of the drilling direction, with practically no loss of time and without changing attachments or repositioning, and yet with little expenditure on construction and operation.
The present invention is a method of directional drilling in underground rock formations by means of a rotary drilling tool which consists of a housing in the form of a straight tube which can be connected to a drilling string, a deep-hole motor disposed in the housing and having an output shaft mounted in the housing for rotation about an axis of rotation differing from the longitudinal axis of the housing and emerging from the housing at the lower end thereof and mounting at its front end a rotary drilling bit in alignment with the driven shaft, in which for straight drilling, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are set in their own but slow rotation and that in order to bend the drilling at an angle out of a preset direction, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are aligned and held against rotation.
The present invention is also apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations with a rotary drilling tool which consists of a housing in the form of a straight tube connected to a drilling string for rotation therewith but not in relation thereto, a deephole motor disposed in the housing and an output shaft which is connected to the rotor of the motor, is mounted in the housing for rotation about an axis of rotation differing from the longitudinal axis of the housing and emerges from the housing at its lower end and at the front end of which there is mounted a rotary drilling bit in alignment with the driven shaft, and in which for straight drilling, the housing of the rotary drilling tool can be set in its own but slow rotation by rotation of the drilling string and in order to bend the drilling at an angle out of a preset direction, the housing of the rotary drilling tool can be aligned by means of the drilling string and locked against rotation.
The method according to the invention renders possible not only straight drilling wherein the housing is only given its own, slow rotational movement via the drilling string and the borehole follows the direction of the axis of the drilling string through the resulting movement of the rotary drilling bit, but also a bending of the drilling direction at an angle for which it is necessary only to align the housing of the rotary drilling tool according to the required deflection of the drilling, via the drilling string and then to hold it against rotation. Accordingly, a change of direction can be brought about almost without interupting the drilling operation. The apparatus according to the present invention manages with one and the same structurally simple rotary drilling tool, which remains unchanged on changes in direction, both for the straight drilling and for the oblique drilling.The rotation of the drilling string during the straight drilling or the alignment and fixing of the drilling string during the oblique drilling can be realized by simple structural means, for example with the aid of a conventional rotary table.
The rotation of a drilling string, on which a rotary drilling tool is in turn mounted for rotation, is known per se (DE-OS 23 14 656).
In the known drilling apparatus, however, the rotation of the drilling string serves to impress a moment of reaction on the rotary drilling tool mounted for rotation on the drilling string, in order to fix the rotary drilling tool in its required alignment for oblique drilling. In embodiments of the present invention, the rotary drilling tool consists of a housing in the form of an angular pipe which is mounted for rotation on the drilling string, a deep-hole motor disposed in the housing and having an output shaft which is mounted coaxially at the lower angled portion of the housing and emerges from the housing at its lower end, the front end of the shaft mounting a rotary drilling bit in alignment with the output shaft.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sketch of the apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through a rotary drilling tool according to the present invention with the axis of rotation of the driven shaft aligned at an angle in relation to the axis of the housing; and
Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a rotary drilling tool according to the present invention with the axis of rotation of the driven shaft aligned parallel to the axis of the housing and offset in relation thereto
The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 comprises a rotary drilling tool 1 8 which is in a borehole 1 7 and which is driven by the rotary table 20 of a derrick 21 by means of a drilling string 1 9 connected to the tool housing 1. The rotary table 20 has a drive and locking device 22 by means of which the chuck of the rotary table 20 and hence the drilling string 1 9 can be set in continuous rotation or can be aligned by a limited rotary movement and then locked against rotation.
As the longitudinal section through the rotary drilling tool 18, illustrated in Fig. 2, shows, a motor 2, for example a displacement motor, which drives an output shaft 3, is disposed in the upper region of the multiplepart, straight-tube housing 1. This output shaft emerges from the housing 1 at the lower end thereof and is connected to a rotary drilling bit 5 via a connection 4. The output shaft 3 is mounted in the housing 1 for rotation about an axis of rotation 6 and the axis of rotation 6 is aligned at an angle in relation to the axis 7 of the housing 1. The shaft 3 is connected to the motor 2 by a resilient connecting member 8 which is here constructed in the form of a flexible shaft.In this embodiment, the flexible shaft 8 serves not only to compensate the tumbling movements of the rotor 9 of the motor 2 but also to compensate the different axial directions of the rotor 9 and of the shaft 3.
The output shaft 3 is supported in the housing 1 by a bearing device 10 which is disposed in a bore 11 extending at an angle to the axis 7 of the housing 1. The bearing device 10 comprises a central region which forms a thrust bearing 12 as well as an upper and a lower region which are constructed in the form of radial bearings 1 3, 14.
The position of the bore 11 inside the housing 1 is selected so that the axis of rotation 6 of the shaft 3 forms a point of intersection 1 5 with the axis 7 of the housing 1, which point of intersection lies in the lower third of the shaft 3. As a result, during simultaneous co-rotation of the drilling string 19, the rotary drilling tool 18 executes practically no tumbling movement. There is even the possibility, if the shaft 3 is adjusted at a very small oblique angle, of situating the common point of intersection of the axis of rotation 6 with the axis 7 of the housing below the shaft 3 in the region of the rotary drilling bit 5 and so of imparting a completely tumble-free mode of operation to the rotary drilling bit 5 during straight drilling.
Instead of a bore 11 extending at an angle to the axis 7 of the housing 1, a coaxial bore may also be present and the inclination of the shaft 3 relative to the axis 7 of the housing 1 is then achieved by a bearing device with a bearing axis aligned at an angle to the axis 7 of the housing 1.
Although the angle formed between the axis of rotation 6, the shaft 3 and the axis 7 of the housing 1 is limited by the diameter conditions of the rotary drilling tool 18, nevertheiess it makes it possible for the rotary drilling tool 1 8 to carry out deflection work at any time and during relatively long periods.
The rotary drilling tool 18 shown in Fig. 3 differs from that illustrated in Fig. 2 by the arrangement and alignment of the axis of rotation 1 6 of the shaft 3 and in this embodiment, the axis of rotation 1 6 extends parallel to and offset in relation to the axis 7 of the housing 1.
In order to achieve the offsetting, the bearing device 10 for the shaft 3 is disposed in a bore 11 extending eccentrically in relation to the housing 1. Alternatively, the bore 11 may also extend coaxially and the bearing device 10 be constructed eccentrically, and a combination of both construction features is also possible. In the other features, the rotary drilling toois 18 illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 are alike.
The rotary drilling tool 18 can also be provided with a fluid-flow motor, for example a turbine, instead of a displacement motor. In this case, the rotor shaft of the turbine may itself be made so flexible that even without any separate connecting member, it takes over the task of the resilient connecting member 8, particularly with a small setting angle or offsetting of the axis of rotation 6; 1 6 in relation to the axis 7 of the housing 1.
For straight drilling slow rotary movement is imparted to the housing 1 of the rotary drilling tool 1 8 by the drilling string 1 9 via the drive and locking device 22 acting on the rotary table 20 of the derrick 21. For the change-over to drilling at an angle, it is sufficient, during a brief interruption of the drilling operation, to give the housing 1 of the rotary drilling tool 18 a suitable alignment via the drilling string 19, then to hold the drilling string 1 9 against rotation by locking the rotary table 20 and to continue the drilling operation during which the rotary drilling tool 18 now imparts to the borehole a course deflected in the direction of the axis of its output shaft 3.
Claims (8)
1. A method of directional drilling in underground rock formations by means of a rotary drilling tool which consists of a housing in the form of a straight tube which can be connected to a drilling string, a deep-hole motor disposed in the housing and having an output shaft mounted in the housing for rotation about an axis of rotation differing from the longitudinal axis of the housing and emerging from the housing at the lower end thereof and mounting at its front end a rotary drilling bit in alignment with the driven shaft, in which for straight drilling, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are set in their own but slow rotation and that in order to bend the drilling at an angle out of a preset direction, the drilling string and the housing of the rotary drilling tool are aligned and held against rotation.
2. Apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations with a rotary drilling tool which consists of a housing in the form of a straight tube connected to a drilling string for rotation therewith but not in relation thereto, a deep-hole motor disposed in the housing and an output shaft which is connected to the rotor of the motor, is mounted in the housing for rotation about an axis of rotation differing from the longitudinal axis of the housing and emerges from the housing at its lower end and at the front end of which there is mounted a rotary drilling bit in alignment with the driven shaft, and in which for straight drilling, the housing of the rotary drilling tool can be set in its own but slow rotation by rotation of the drilling string and in order to bend the drilling at an angle out of a preset direction, the housing of the rotary drilling tool can be aligned by means of the drilling string and locked against rotation.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the axis of rotation of the output shaft of the rotary drilling tool is aligned at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the housing.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 3, in which the axis of rotation of the output shaft of the rotary drilling tool has a point of intersection with the axis of the housing situated in the lower third of the driven shaft.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 3, in which the axis of rotation of the driven shaft of the rotary drilling tool has a point of intersection with the axis of the housing, situated in the region of the rotary drilling bit.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the axis of rotation of the driven shaft of the rotary drilling tool is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing.
7. A method of directional drilling in underground rock formations by means of a rotary drilling tool substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
8. Apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations with a rotary drilling tool substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the. accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833326885 DE3326885C1 (en) | 1983-07-26 | 1983-07-26 | Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations |
| DE19843406364 DE3406364C1 (en) | 1983-07-26 | 1984-02-22 | Method and device for directional drilling in underground rock formations |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8417849D0 GB8417849D0 (en) | 1984-08-15 |
| GB2143879A true GB2143879A (en) | 1985-02-20 |
Family
ID=25812612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08417849A Withdrawn GB2143879A (en) | 1983-07-26 | 1984-07-13 | Method and apparatus for directional drilling in underground rock formations |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3406364C1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2143879A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4694914A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-09-22 | Alsthom | Drilling string for drilling a bent bore, a method of using said string, and a bending device used in said string |
| USRE33751E (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1991-11-26 | Smith International, Inc. | System and method for controlled directional drilling |
| US5343967A (en) * | 1984-05-12 | 1994-09-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus for optional straight or directional drilling underground formations |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4577701A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1986-03-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | System of drilling deviated wellbores |
| NO168962C (en) * | 1987-03-16 | 1992-04-22 | Sintef | GUIDELINES DRILLED |
| GB8807359D0 (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1988-04-27 | Kayes A G | Soil displacement hammer |
| CN112252973A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-22 | 广东省构建工程建设有限公司 | Non-excavation directional drilling construction method for pipeline buried channel |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0103913A2 (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1984-03-28 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Down-hole motor and method for directional drilling of boreholes |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1108640B (en) * | 1959-11-17 | 1961-06-15 | Voith Gmbh J M | Drilling motor composed of several sections for deep drilling |
| GB1388713A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1975-03-26 | Russell M K | Directional drilling of boreholes |
| DE2528793C3 (en) * | 1975-06-27 | 1979-10-25 | Vsesojuznyj Nautschno-Issledovatelskij Institut Burovoj Techniki, Moskau | Drilling turbine |
-
1984
- 1984-02-22 DE DE19843406364 patent/DE3406364C1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-13 GB GB08417849A patent/GB2143879A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0103913A2 (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1984-03-28 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Down-hole motor and method for directional drilling of boreholes |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5343967A (en) * | 1984-05-12 | 1994-09-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus for optional straight or directional drilling underground formations |
| US4694914A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1987-09-22 | Alsthom | Drilling string for drilling a bent bore, a method of using said string, and a bending device used in said string |
| USRE33751E (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1991-11-26 | Smith International, Inc. | System and method for controlled directional drilling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3406364C1 (en) | 1984-11-22 |
| GB8417849D0 (en) | 1984-08-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |