GB2138122A - Heating system - Google Patents

Heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2138122A
GB2138122A GB08309820A GB8309820A GB2138122A GB 2138122 A GB2138122 A GB 2138122A GB 08309820 A GB08309820 A GB 08309820A GB 8309820 A GB8309820 A GB 8309820A GB 2138122 A GB2138122 A GB 2138122A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
liquid
heat
temperature
heating system
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08309820A
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GB2138122B (en
GB8309820D0 (en
Inventor
Louis Rikker
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB08309820A priority Critical patent/GB2138122B/en
Publication of GB8309820D0 publication Critical patent/GB8309820D0/en
Publication of GB2138122A publication Critical patent/GB2138122A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2138122B publication Critical patent/GB2138122B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/027—Condenser control arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

A heating system comprises a solar collector (10), a temperature sensor (30) responsive to the temperature of the heat transfer liquid passed therethrough, a heat pump including an evaporator (22), heat exchanger means embodying a condenser (16) for heating the heat exchange liquid, and a compressor (20), a liquid storage tank (2) and a pump (8) for circulating the heat transfer liquid around the system. A valve (28), controlled by the sensor (30), controls the flow of heat transfer liquid through the solar collector and through the condenser. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Heating system This invention relates to a heating system.
The cost of energy is beginning to increase significantly and accordingly heating systems have been proposed which use the heat provided by solar panels or heat pumps. Solar panels havethe advantage that they provide energy which is substantially free but the disadvantage is that solar energy is not always available. Heat pumps on the other hand can always provide energy but their operating efficiency is determined by ambient temperatures and the energy provided by heat pumps is never entirely free.
It is an object ofthe present invention to provide a heating system which utilises a heat pump and solar panels wherein the principal advantages of both sources of energy are afforded in combination.
According to the present invention a heating system comprises solar energy collection means arranged in use forthe transfer of solarenergyto heat transfer liquid which is passed therethrough, a temperature sensor responsive to the temperature ofthe heat transfer liquid passed therethrough, a heat pump including an evaporator, heat exchanger means embodying a condenser, and a compressor, the heat exchanger means, the compressor and the evaporator being serially connected to define a closed loop system around which refrigerant is circulated in use forthetransfer of heat energy from atmospheric air associated with the evaporator to heat transfer liquid associated with the heat exchanger means, a liquid storagetankthe contents ofwhich are arranged to receive heat energy from the heattransfer liquid, a circulating pumpforcirculatingtheheattransfer liquid around the system, and valve means arranged to receive from the heat exchanger means and from the solar energy collector means heat transfer liquid pumped thereto from the storage tank by the circulating pump, and to feed this heattransfer liquid backto thestoragetankin proportions determined in dependence upon the temperature ofthe heat transfer liquid fed to the valve means from the solar energy collector means as determined bythetemperaturesensor.
Thus since heattransfer liquid is fed to the storage tankvia the valve means from the heat pump and the solar energy collection means, thevalve can be controlled so thatthe heat pump can be used as required to supplement heat energy provided bythe solar energy collector means with heatfrom the atmosphere, orto provide the principal source of heat when the temperature of the heat transfer liquid from the solar energy collector meansfalls.
The storage tank may be indirectly heated and it may include a heating coil through which the heat transfer liquid is pumped.
The heating coil may comprise an upper section and a lower section, a firstfurthertemperature sensor arranged to be responsive to temperatures in the region ofthe upper section ofthe heating coil, first further valve means coupled to receive heat transfer liquid from the valve means and to feed the upper section and/orthe lowersection ofthe heating coil in dependence upon the temperature sensed by the first furthertemperature sensor.
The system may additionally comprise a second furthertemperature sensor arranged to be responsive to temperatures in the region of the lower section of the heating coil, a third further temperature sensor arranged to be responsive to the tem peratu re of heat transfer liquid fed from the valve means to the first further valve means, and a second further valve means coupled to receive heat transfer liquid from the first section of the heating coil and from the first furthervalve means and to feed an inlet port of the circulating pump,thefirstand secondfurthervalve means being operated in dependence upon the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor and the first, second and third fu rthertemperature sensors respectively.
The heat exchanger means ofthe heat pump may comprise a desuperheaterwhich is serially connected withthecondensorofthe heat exchanger means.
The evaporatorofthe heatexchangermeans may have operatively associated with it a fan provided to facilitate the transfer of heat energy from atmospheric airto the evaporator.
The storage tank may include an immersion heater.
The system may include a cold water make-up tank provided to top-up the contents of the storage tank and a feed and expansion tank provided to top-up the heat transfer liquid.
One embodiment of the invention will now be described solely by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a somewhat schematic block diagram of a heating system.
Referring now to the drawing, a heating system comprises a hot water storage tank 2 which is indirectly heated by means of a heating coil comprising an upper section 4and a lower section 6through which heattransfer liquid, which in this case water, is pumped by means of a circulating pump 8. The circulating pump 8 is arranged to feed an array of solar panels 10 via a pipe 12 and a heat pump via a pipe 14.
The heat pump comprises a condenser section 16, a desuperheater 18, a compressor 20 and an evaporator section 22. The condenser section 16, the desuperheater 18, the compressor 20 and the evaporator section 22 are serially connected in a closed loop system as indicated by the chain line 24 around which refrigerant is circulated due to operation ofthe compressor 20.
The evaporator section 22 ofthe heat pump includes a fan 26 operative to pass atmospheric airthrough the evaporator section 22 so that heat is given up by the airto refrigerant in the system. The condenser section 16 and the desuperheater 18 operate in combination as a heat exchangervia which heat istransferred from the refrigerant to the heat transfer liquid. The heat transfer liquid is passed through a circuit which is unconnected with the refrigerant and which is associated with the condenser section 16 and the desuperheater 18 and through which the heattransfer liquid is passed bythe circulating pump 8. Heat transfer liquid from the desuperheater 18 is fed to a control valve 28 which is fed also with heattrasfer liquid from the solar panels 10.Atemperature T1 ofthe heat transfer liquid leaving the solar panels loins sensed by a temperature sensing device 30 and the control valve 28 is controlled in accordance with the temperature sensed by the temperature sensing device 30. Heat transfer liquid from the control valve 28 is fed via a pipe 32 to a firstfurther control valve 34 which feeds the upper and lower sections 4 and 6 of the heating coil in the storage tank 2. Two fu rthertemperature sensing devices 36 and 38 are provided sensitive to temperatures T2 and T3 respectively adjacentthe upper and lowersections 4 and 6 respectively of the heating coil in the storage tank 2. In order to sense the temperature of heat transfer liquid atthe output ofthe control valve 28, a third furthertemperature sensing device 56 is provided.A second further control valve 40 is provided which is fed from the upper heating coil 4 and from the firstfurther valve 34 via a pipe 42 which is coupled from the first further valve 34to the lowersection 6 of the heating coil in the hotwaterstorage tank 2.
For emergency purposes an emersion heater44 is provided which isfitted tothe storage tank 2, hotwater being fed from the storagetankfor use via an outlet pipe 46. In ordertotop up the hot water storage tank 2, a cold water make uptank48 is provided which is coupled to the hot water storage tank 2 via a pipe 50.
There is also provided a feed and expansion tank 52 which is coupled via a pipe 54to the circulating pump 8 so thatthe closed loop system containing the heat transfer liquid is always kept topped up.
In operation ofthe system just before described, when the solar intensity is sufficiently high, the valves 28 and 34 will be set such thatthe circulating pump 8 will circulate hotheattransfer liquid from the solar panels 1 Othrough the lower section 6 of the heating coil in the hotwaterstoragetank 2. This mode of operation will be determined in dependence upon the temperature Ti as indicated by the temperature sensing element 30 and provided the temperature T1 sensed is sufficiently high, the valve 28 will be set such thatthe circulation is through the solar panels only, the heat pump not being used at all.
When thetemperatureT1 as indicated by the temperature sensor 30 is higherthan the temperature T2 sensed by the temperature sensing device 36, the flowwill be directed via the valve 34to the upper section 4 of the coil in the hotwaterstoragetank 2.
When thetemperature T2 as sensed by the temperature sensing element 36 reaches a predetermined value, it is arranged thatthevalve 34will be operated so as to divert heattransfer liquid either to the lower section 6 ofthe heating coil in the hot water storage tank2 ifthetemperatureT3 as sensed bythe temperature sensing element 38 is less than the temperature T5 as sensed by the temperature sensor 56, or if the temperature T3 as sensed by the temperature sensing element 38 is higher than the temperature T5 as sensed by the temperature sensing element 56, the valve 40 will be operated so as to by-pass the heattransferfluid back to the pump 8.
As long as the temperature Ti as sensed by the temperaturesensing element30 ishigherthanthe temperature T2 as sensed bythe temperature sensing element 36 itwill be arranged thatthe solar panels 10 only will be used. If the solar panel temperature is not sufficiently high then the valve 28will be operated so thatthe heat pump only will be used. When the temperature T5 as sensed by the temperature sensing element 56 is higherthan the temperature T2 sensed bythetemperatu re sensing element 36, the upper coil 4will be used. When thetemperatureT2 as sensed by the temperature element 36 is higherthanthe temperature T5 as sensed bythetemperature sensing element 36 but under conditions where the temperature T3 sensed by thetemperatu re sensing element 38 is lowerthan the temperature T5, then the valve 34will be operated to divert heat transfer liquid to the lower coil 6 until a predetermined temperature is indicated by the temperature sensing element 38.
It will be appreciated that suitable control circuitry (notshown) will be provided responsive to the temperatures sensed for providing control signals for the valves.
The control circuitry may include a computer, solar intensity and energy measuring device, and a time clock.

Claims (9)

1. A heating system comprising solar energy collection means arranged in useforthetransferof solar energy to heattransfer liquid which is passed therethrough, a temperature sensor responsive to the temperature of the heat transfer liquid passed therethrough, a heat pump including an evaporator, heat exchanger means embodying a condenser, and a compressor, the heat exchanger means, the compressor and the evaporator being serially connected to define a closed loop system around which re frigerant is circulated in use for the transfer of heat energy from atmospheric air associated with the evaporatorto heattransfer liquid associated with the heat exchanger means, a liquid storage tankthe contents of which are arranged to receive heat energy from the heattransfer liquid, a circulating pump for circulating the heat transfer liquid around the system, and valve means arranged to receive from the heat exchanger means and from the solar energy collector means heattransfer liquid pulped thereto from the storage tank by the circulating pump, and to feed this heattransferliquid backtothestoragetankin proportions determined in dependence upon the temperature ofthe heat transfer liquid fed to the valve meansfrom the solar energy collector means as determined by the temperature sensor.
2. A heating system according to claim 1 in which the storage tank is indirectly heated, and in whichthe storage tank includes a heating coil through which the heattransfer liquid is pumped.
3. A heating system according to claim 2 in which the heating coil comprises an upper section and a lower section, a firstfurthertemperaturesensor arranged to be responsive to temperatures in the region of the upper section of the heating coil,first further valve means coupled to receive heattransfer liquidfromthevalve means and to feed the upper section and/orthe lower section ofthe heating coil in dependence upon the temperature sensed by the first furthertemperature sensor.
4. A heating system according to claim 3 and including a second furthertemperature sensor arranged to be responsivetotemperatures in the region ofthe lower section ofthe heating coil, a third furthertemperature sensor arranged to be responsive to the temperature ofthe heat transfer liquid fed from the valve means to thefirstfurther valve means, and a secondfurthervalve means coupled to receive heat transfer liquid from the first section of the heating coil and from the first further valve means and to feed an inlet portofthe circulating pump, the first and second further valve means being operated in dependence upon the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor and thefirst, second andthirdfurthertempera- ture sensors respectively.
5. A heating system according to any one of the preceding claims in which the heat exchanger means ofthe heat pump comprises a desuperheaterwhich is serially connected with the condenser of the heat exchanger means.
6. A heating system according to any one of the preceding claims in which the evapourator of the heat exchanger means has operatively associated with it a fan provided to facilitate the transfer of heat energy from atmospheric airto the evaporator.
7. A heating system according to anyone of the preceding claims in which the storagetank includes an immersion heater.
8. A heating system according to any one of the preceding claims and including a cold water make-up tank provided to top-up the contents of the storage tank and a feed and expansion tank provided to top-up the heattransfer liquid.
9. A heating system substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB08309820A 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Heating system Expired GB2138122B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08309820A GB2138122B (en) 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Heating system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08309820A GB2138122B (en) 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Heating system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8309820D0 GB8309820D0 (en) 1983-05-18
GB2138122A true GB2138122A (en) 1984-10-17
GB2138122B GB2138122B (en) 1987-02-11

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ID=10540938

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GB08309820A Expired GB2138122B (en) 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Heating system

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2182767A (en) * 1985-10-14 1987-05-20 Hydro Spartan Ltd Central heating systems
WO2001022011A1 (en) 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Peter Forrest Thompson Heat pump fluid heating system
GB2451019A (en) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-14 Ec Power As Apparatus comprising a valve for controlling the flow of hot water between water circuits

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105387953B (en) * 2015-12-24 2018-04-13 湘电集团有限公司 Disc type solar energy photo-thermal power generation equipment and concentrator hot spot temperature-detecting device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1535026A (en) * 1976-05-05 1978-12-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method of heating a building and of supplying hot water thereto
GB2001422A (en) * 1977-07-22 1979-01-31 Carrier Corp Heat exchangers
GB2021755A (en) * 1978-05-19 1979-12-05 Merloni Igienico Sanitari Plant for the production of thermal energy from solar heat
US4190199A (en) * 1978-01-06 1980-02-26 Lennox Industries Inc. Combination heating system including a conventional furnace, heat pump and solar energy subsystem
US4680156A (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-07-14 Ohio University Sheath core composite extrusion and a method of making it by melt transformation coextrusion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1535026A (en) * 1976-05-05 1978-12-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method of heating a building and of supplying hot water thereto
GB2001422A (en) * 1977-07-22 1979-01-31 Carrier Corp Heat exchangers
US4190199A (en) * 1978-01-06 1980-02-26 Lennox Industries Inc. Combination heating system including a conventional furnace, heat pump and solar energy subsystem
GB2021755A (en) * 1978-05-19 1979-12-05 Merloni Igienico Sanitari Plant for the production of thermal energy from solar heat
US4680156A (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-07-14 Ohio University Sheath core composite extrusion and a method of making it by melt transformation coextrusion

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2182767A (en) * 1985-10-14 1987-05-20 Hydro Spartan Ltd Central heating systems
GB2182767B (en) * 1985-10-14 1989-09-27 Hydro Spartan Ltd Central heating systems
WO2001022011A1 (en) 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Peter Forrest Thompson Heat pump fluid heating system
GB2451019A (en) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-14 Ec Power As Apparatus comprising a valve for controlling the flow of hot water between water circuits
GB2451019B (en) * 2007-07-11 2012-03-21 Ec Power As Control of hot water
RU2459153C2 (en) * 2007-07-11 2012-08-20 Ес Пауер А/С Hot water supply control device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2138122B (en) 1987-02-11
GB8309820D0 (en) 1983-05-18

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee