GB2137120A - Reconditioning Robbed Mine Support Material - Google Patents
Reconditioning Robbed Mine Support Material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2137120A GB2137120A GB08405678A GB8405678A GB2137120A GB 2137120 A GB2137120 A GB 2137120A GB 08405678 A GB08405678 A GB 08405678A GB 8405678 A GB8405678 A GB 8405678A GB 2137120 A GB2137120 A GB 2137120A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sections
- bending
- trueing
- process according
- robbed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000192308 Agrostis hyemalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
Robbed mine support material 3 is first sorted according to section size and then at a location G cleaned at the ends, then measured 10 then cold deformed, marked and bundled. Each section is firstly trued flat and calibrated at 12, uniformly, and thereafter bent in polygon form in successive short lengths at 13 by a press with rams or profiled rollers into the desired radial form for reuse. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Process for Reconditioning Robbed Mine
Support Material
The invention relates to a process for the reconditioning of robbed mine support material which is firstly sorted according to profile sizes and lengths and cleaned at the ends, then cold deformed, marked and bundled. The invention also relates to an installation for the reconditioning of robbed mine sections, consisting of a press equipped with interchangeable shaping parts.
In underground mining and tunnelling, when roadways and other mine workings which are no longer needed are discarded, the utilised mine support material is robbed as far as ever possible. Very much of these support arches, robbed under ground, is supplied to specialist restoration undertakings so that when coldtrueing has been effected it can be used afresh in mine supporting. The robbed sections are firstly roughly sorted, in which the very heavily deformed sections are sorted out and can be reused, if at all, by dividing up and sawing off. The roadway support material in fact is heat-treated stock which can be reconditioned only by cold straightening. Even local heating is not permissible for the usual steel qualities, for technological reasons.
The sections suitable for reconditioning are then sorted according to profile sizes and lengths and cleaned as far as necessary and possible.
Such cleaning, at least in the push-in region of channel sections, is necessary because by reason of rust patches deriving from pasting and other soiling, pushing-in of the section in re-use would no longer be ensured. Thereupon the sections are fed to trueing presses and trued by hand by means of gauges, and the trued form is examined with the aid of templates. The sections thus trued are then indicated and marked in accordance with the rules, assembled into transportable units and bundled. They are then available for re-use.
In the known process it is disadvantageous that in the manual handling of the sections lying in confusion the judgement of the sections is subject to very subjective influences. There is also the fact that by reason of the dust-combatting measures taken as a rule under ground the sections are so coated with paste and dust that satisfactory judgement is not at ali possible. The quality of the sections reconditioned for re-use is therefore often unsatisfactory. Thus limits are set to the use of the trued sections in underground working. On the other hand for reasons of cost and on account of the continuously rising value of such mine arches repeated use is desirable and sought by the companies.
The invention is based upon the problem of raising the quality with simultaneous reduction of the proportion of scrap and improvement of the working conditions, in the reconditioning of robbed sections.
In accordance with the invention the problem is solved in that each section is firstly uniformly trued plane and gauged and only then bent as polygon in successive short length into the desired radial form.
It is ensured by the process according to the invention that each section intended for reconditioning is firstly uniformly brought into the same initial form and trued and only then bent into the intended radial form. Thus it is substantially simpler to observe the necessary tolerances. Moreover by the pre-handling of the sections in certain respects the object is achieved that their condition becomes more apparent, since the stressing causes the attached pasting residues and rust patches to burst away and thus the surface of the section becomes visible. Before the actual bending operation the section can be inspected or examined again, so that only those sections which conform with the quality requirements are finally reconditioned.The bending operation itself then proceeds in very protective manner, in that by stressing in short lengths a polygon conforming with the desired radial form is produced.
Since a precise and objective judgement of the sections is possible only if an at least approximately metallically bright surface is present, it is provided according to one embodiment of the invention that each section is mechanically cleaned over the whole length by scraping and knocking, then contactlessly measured as regards material thickness and surface quality, and then separated out. By means of such a process it is possible to guarantee an objective judgement of the robbed sections so that it is ensured on the one hand that sections which are no longer usable are sorted out and on the other hand that sections which per se are still usable are not erroneously treated as scrap. At the same time with such exact measurement it is possible to ascertain values which are advantageous for the further reconditioning of the robbed mine support material.In this connection it is provided according to the invention that the metallically bright surface of the sections is measured with infra-red and/or laser beam measurement. In combination with a diode linear scan camera it is thus possible to obtain and record data which ensure a subsequent satisfactory calibration by precise electronic controlling of the subsequent operations.
The data obtained by the measurement of the cleaned sections permit an optimal trueing and calibration operation. It is here further provided according to the invention that during the trueing and calibration operation the resilience constant of the individual sections is measured and passes into the ideal value advance setting for the bending operation. In this way the bending operation can be optimalised and improved in as much as by appropriate correction of the ideal value advance setting according to the ascertained resilience constant the bending, which takes place in part stages, is reinforced or reduced. It is here advantageous if, as provided according to the invention, in the successively proceeding bending operations in each case the ideal value and the bending result of the preceding bending length are taken into consideration and both are combined into a new ideal value.In this way in the bending of the sections, taking place in part steps, a polygon conforming precisely with the necessities can be obtained even though individual small bent lengths could not be effected in precise conformity with the ideal value advance setting, for any reason.
Each individual step of the reconditioning operation is tested electronically and the ascertained values are fed to a computer in which they are compared and taken into consideration for further processing. In this way the deformation value for each cold deformation action is calculated and set forth in corrected manner, taking consideration of resilience constant and yield point. In this way a precise bending operation with protective progress is possible. In this way local embrittlement due for example to excessive cold deformation is reliably precluded and fracture under unilateral loading for example in use underground is impossible.
Without modifying the structure of the steel it is possible according to a further embodiment of the invention to simplify the trueing and calibration action in that the sections to be trued are heated to up to 3000 C. during or before the trueing and calibration. Thus it is possible to retrue and precisely calibrate even very greatly twisted sections so that they are satisfactorily usable for the subsequent bending operation and later re-use. The bending itself can also be simplified in that the sections are bent in the still hot condition after trueing and calibration.
The precise maintaining of the section dimensions is guaranteed since in accordance with the invention the bending is carried out with the section length to be deformed clamped at the same time, by a plurality of cold deformation actions. Thus precise observation of the allowed tolerances is reliably guaranteed.
In an advantageous manner all data concerning the individual sections are stored in the computer during the reconditioning operation. Thence it is expedient to mark and stamp the reconditioned sections automatically, after the final deformation operation, in accordance with the stored measured values and data. Thus errors are largely excluded and at the same time it is ensured that the corresponding marks and data are applied precisely at the positions where they can always be identified safely in subsequent stacking and transport. Thus it is ensured in an advantageous manner that the reconditioned sections also come into use precisely where they are intended and expedient.
An installation for reconditioning the robbed mine support material consists of a press equipped with exchangeably fitted shaping parts which is formed as a bending station which is preceded by a trueing and calibration mechanism.
Through the bending station, that is in practice a station in which several pressing actions are carried out one after the other, the protective bending can take place exactly according to advance setting, namely on sections which have previously been trued, that is bent straight and calibrated, in the trueing and calibration mechanism. Thus it is a matter of parts conforming exactly with regulations which then can also be bent correspondingly exactly into the necessary forms.
To optimalise the bending station and the trueing and calibration mechanism the two are connected, in measuring and control technology, and additionally by a driven rollway with one another and with the storage area. Thus firstly the expensive manual transport or manually regulated transport, which is not without danger, from one unit to the other is eliminated. Furthermore the data ascertained in the trueing and calibration mechanism can be used for the measurement and control technology for the subsequent bending operation.
The sections presorted as regards section size and length are preworked and measured in an advantageous manner in that a cleaning installation with knocking and scraping equipment and a measuring station, preceding the trueing and calibrating mechanism, are combined into the rollway. In an installation completed in such a way now the section collected from the storage area can be reconditioned in fully automated manner and precise judgement is provided by the preceding cleaning installation and the measuring station.
With the measuring station, the trueing and calibrating mechanism and the bending station there are associated measuring and control equipments which are switched in adaptation to one another and connected with a computer.
Thus during the individual process steps in each case necessary and expedient data can be ascertained and fed to the computer which processes them for the subsequent process steps and brings them into optimated use by ideal value correction and ideal value advance setting.
The bending of the previously trued and calibrated sections by lengths is achieved in that the bending station comprises rams or profiled rollers arranged with slight stagger and holding the sections, and a high-speed press apparatus.
By means of the high-speed press apparatus the individual lengths of the through-passing section are appropriately loaded and bent so that subsequently an optically barely perceptible polygon is produced.
The invention is distinguished especially in that the quality of the reconditioned sections is decisively improved in conformity with the mining requirements in underground use, so that the trued and reconditioned sections can readily be installed indiscriminately with new sections. By reason of the precise examination and monitoring of the sections during the reconditioning process it is ensured that a roadway support system produced therefrom provides its high supporting function even at great depths. On account of the substantially raised quality it is here harmless to assemble roadway support systems from new and reconditioned sections or only from reconditioned sections.
If only by reason of the precise and automated examination of the robbed sections, the proportion of scrap is substantially reduced. It is further reduced by the fact that with the aid of the process according to the invention and the corresponding installation reconditioning even of heavily twisted sections is readily possible. This reduction of the proportion of scrap leads to considerable cost savings and thus to an improvement of the economy of the mine workings.
Not lastly, the fully automatic course of the process and the fully automated installation lead to a substantial humanisation of the working site.
The operating personnel is relieved of heavy and frequently also dangerous physical labour.
Further details and advantages of the object of the invention appear from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred example of embodiment is illustrated with the necessary details and individual parts, and wherein:- Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of the installation for the reconditioning of robbed mine support material sections and
Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic representation of the bending station.
The representation of the trueing installation 1 according to Figure 1 is merely a sketch of principle with which it is intended to make it clear how the entire course of the process looks and how the individual parts of the trueing installation are associated with one another.
On the storage area 3, which is supplied by way of the railway track 4, there stands by way of example a crane (not illustrated here) which feeds the rollway 5 with the sections lying unsorted on the storage area. On the rollway the sections 7, 8 lie one behind the other and either here or even previously are sorted according to section sizes and lengths and fed to the trueing installation. If the deviations as regards section size and length are not too great, they can be fed one behind the other and without reequipment to the trueing installation 1. Otherwise a certain sorting is necessary, for which cranes and the like should be available.
The correspondingly presorted sections 7 then first come into the cleaning installation 9 where they are mechanically cleaned by hammers and brushes or the like units, so that strongly adherent pastings or corresponding residues and corrosion scale spring or are torn away. The correspondingly cleaned sections 8 then pass into the measuring station 10, without need for operating personnel to be active in between. In the measuring station now, irrespective of the condition of the metalically brightened sections, their surface and thickness are measured for example by infra-red or even laser beam measurement in combination with a diode linear scan camera or similar equipment.The data thus obtained are firstly a yardstick as to whether further reconditioning of the section is expedient or whether it should be sorted out by way of the discharge 11 and handled further for example as scrap.
In the case of positive measurement results the individual sections are fed further by way of the rollway 5 to the trueing and calibrating mechanism 12. At the same time the corresponding data are fed by way of the computer to the trueing and calibrating mechanism too, so that appropriate calibration and trueing can proceed automatically, especially in the case of heavily twisted sections. By appropriate movable formation of the rollways it is possible to form the trueing and calibrating mechanism 1 2 so that several, preferably two, different section sizes can be reconditioned without modification of the rollways.
The sections which have been trued, that is bent flat and calibrated, run continuously through the trueing and calibrating mechanism and then are fed to the bending station 13 where they are bent into the desired radial form.
The bent and then re-usable sections are indicated in the adjoining marking station 14 so that their subsequent use underground is possible without error. In the marking station 14 then a bundling takes place at the same time too, so that the bundled sections can subsequently be supplied by way of the loading station 1 5 to the underground working again.
Figure 2 shows a diagram with which it is indicated how the individual sections are bent in the bending station 13 by lengths, that is for example in individual lengths of 10 or 20 cm. For this purpose firstly guide rolls 17, 1 8 are provided which clamp and guide the trued section 7, 8.
During the actual bending. operation the individual section is then grasped by the profiled rolls 19, 20 and at the same time subjected to pressure loading and bent by the high-speed press apparatus 21. The press apparatus 21 each time receives an advance setting of the resilience constant and the bending result of the preceding bending operation, as corresponding correction values or a correspondingly corrected ideal value, so that a segment form conforming exactly with standards is obtained in the bent region 22 of the section.
Claims (14)
1. Process for reconditioning robbed mine support material which is first sorted according to section size and length and cleaned at the ends, then cold deformed, marked and bundled, characterised in that each section is firstly trued flat and calibrated, uniformly, and only then bent as polygon in successive short lengths into the desired radial form.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that each section is cleaned over its entire length by mechanical scraping and knocking and then contactlessly measured for material thickness and surface quality, and then sorted out.
3. Process according to Claim 2, characterised in that the metallically bright surface of the sections is measured with infra-red and/or laser beam measurement.
4. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that during the trueing and calibrating operation the resilience constant of the individual sections is measured and affects the ideal value advance setting for the bending operation.
5. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that in the successively proceeding bending operations in each case the ideal value and the result of bending of the preceding bending length are taken into account and combined into a new ideal value.
6. Process according to Claims 1, 4 and 5, characterised in that the deformation value for each cold derformation action is calculated and set in advance taking consideration of resilience constant and yield point.
7. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the sections to be trued are heated to up to 3000C. during or before the trueing and calibration.
8. Process according to Claims 1 and 7, characterised in that the sections are bent in the still hot condition after trueing and calibration.
9. Process according to Claims 1, 5 and 6, characterised in that the bending is effected by a plurality of cold deformation actions with the section length to be deformed clamped at the same time.
10. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the reconditioned sections, after the final deformation operation, are automaticaily marked and stamped according to the stored measured values.
11. Installation for reconditioning robbed mine support material sections, consisting of a press equipped with exchangeably fitted shaped pieces, characterised in that the press, formed as bending station (13), is preceded by a trueing and calibrating mechanism (19).
12. Installation according to Claim 11, characterised in that the bending station (13) and the trueing and calibrating mechanism (12) are connected with one another and with the storage area (3) in measurement and control technology and additionally by a driven rollway (5).
13. Installation according to Claims 11 and 12, characterised in that into the rollway (5) there are combined a cleaning plant (9) with knocking and scraping equipment and a measuring station (10), which precede the trueing and calibrating mechanism (12).
14. Installation according to Claims 11 to 13, characterised in that with the measuring station (10), the trueing and calibrating mechanism (12) and the bending station (13) there are associated measureing and control apparatuses which are switched in adaptation to one another and connected with a computer.
1 5. Installation according to Claim 11, characterised in that the bending station (1 3) comprises rams or profiled rolls (19, 20), arranged slightly offset and holding the sections (7, 8), and a high-speed press apparatus (21).
1 6. Process for reconditioning robbed mine support material as claimed in claim 1 with reference to any one of the examples disclosed herein.
1 7. Installation for reconditioning robbed mine support material sections substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833309605 DE3309605A1 (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1983-03-17 | METHOD FOR REFURBISHING PULLED PIT EXTENSION |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8405678D0 GB8405678D0 (en) | 1984-04-11 |
| GB2137120A true GB2137120A (en) | 1984-10-03 |
| GB2137120B GB2137120B (en) | 1986-07-23 |
Family
ID=6193781
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848402787A Pending GB8402787D0 (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1984-02-02 | Reconditioning robbed mine |
| GB08405678A Expired GB2137120B (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1984-03-05 | Reconditioning robbed mine support material |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848402787A Pending GB8402787D0 (en) | 1983-03-17 | 1984-02-02 | Reconditioning robbed mine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE899020A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3309605A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2542647B1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8402787D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19527358B4 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 2004-11-04 | Tmg Tiefbau-Material Gmbh | Machine for straightening deformed steel sheet piles |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE417112C (en) * | 1922-07-01 | 1925-10-31 | Paul Bernhardt | Straightener for bar iron, shaped iron, railroad tracks, etc. |
| DE567578C (en) * | 1930-07-09 | 1933-01-05 | Fritz Foedisch | Device for pre-bending of rails coming out of the rolling mill in the warm state and. Like. On the cooling bed so that they straighten up when they cool |
| DE583889C (en) * | 1932-04-19 | 1933-09-11 | Josef Neumayer | Method of bending feather leaves |
| FR1321911A (en) * | 1962-05-11 | 1963-03-22 | Method and installation for repairing railway tracks | |
| US3854215A (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1974-12-17 | Boeing Co | Multiplanar sensor and control system for use in roll forming machines |
| SE426558B (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1983-01-31 | Mensor Ab | ADAPTIVE PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR CORRECTING FORMAL DEFICIENCY |
-
1983
- 1983-03-17 DE DE19833309605 patent/DE3309605A1/en active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-02-02 GB GB848402787A patent/GB8402787D0/en active Pending
- 1984-02-27 BE BE0/212463A patent/BE899020A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-03-05 GB GB08405678A patent/GB2137120B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-13 FR FR8403811A patent/FR2542647B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE899020A (en) | 1984-06-18 |
| GB2137120B (en) | 1986-07-23 |
| DE3309605C2 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
| DE3309605A1 (en) | 1984-09-20 |
| FR2542647A1 (en) | 1984-09-21 |
| GB8402787D0 (en) | 1984-03-07 |
| GB8405678D0 (en) | 1984-04-11 |
| FR2542647B1 (en) | 1987-01-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19950305 |