GB2135541A - Automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault - Google Patents

Automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2135541A
GB2135541A GB08400247A GB8400247A GB2135541A GB 2135541 A GB2135541 A GB 2135541A GB 08400247 A GB08400247 A GB 08400247A GB 8400247 A GB8400247 A GB 8400247A GB 2135541 A GB2135541 A GB 2135541A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
control voltage
dropout
disconnecting switch
electric switch
load disconnecting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08400247A
Other versions
GB8400247D0 (en
Inventor
Karl Gustaf Sindahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linjebyggnad AB
Original Assignee
Linjebyggnad AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linjebyggnad AB filed Critical Linjebyggnad AB
Publication of GB8400247D0 publication Critical patent/GB8400247D0/en
Publication of GB2135541A publication Critical patent/GB2135541A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/28—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for meshed systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured

Landscapes

  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Loads A B C D E in a sectionalised supply line are each provided with electric switch devices (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2), adapted to open on dropout of control voltage eg line voltage beyond a predetermined time and to close when recovery control voltage lasts beyond a predetermined time. After control voltage dropout, because fault X opens S1, switches A1, B1, which first receive control voltage after automatic reclosure of S1 will be then blocked in the closed position, switches A2, B2, 8c having remained closed. Fault X causes S1 to reopen a second time whereupon A2 opens and that switch B2 nearest the fault opens and blocks open. Thus the second reclosure of S1 will supply power to loads A, B more rapidly because switches A1, B1 do not have to be reclosed. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Method and Apparatus for Effecting Automatic Blocking of a Load Disconnecting Switch Close to a Fault Spot The present invention relates to a method of effecting automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault spot, especially at stations having two input paths, each input path being provided with an electric switch device, e.g. a load disconnecting switch, adapted to open on dropout of control voltage beyond a predetermined time and to close when recovery control voltage lasts beyond a predetermined time.
The invention also concerns an apparatus for carrying out the method.
In case of faults in a line loop or an open branch, including a number of successively arranged network stations, every individual network station is successively tried in that its rearward electric switch device, as counted in the feed direction, opens, while its forward electric switch device closes, whereupon the switch between the feeding lines and the network station closes. If everything functions one has to proceed with the next network station and repeat the same procedure. When the network station behind which the fault is situated, has been attained and the faulty line section is switched on, the switch at the feed point will immediately cut off the current for the entire loop section, and consequently also for those network stations which have been found faultless.At this moment the load disconnecting switch towards the faulty line section is allowed to open and to be locked, and the switch can again be turned on and feed the network stations on the tried faultless line sections. If it is a matter of an open branch, the line section beyond the fault location and the network stations connected thereto will be allowed to remain currentless until the fault has been remedied. However, if it is a question of a loop, stepwise switching and trying may be carried out in the same manner from the opposite end of the loop, whereby one will eventually come to the faulty line section from the opposite direction, which means that the network stations along the other part of the loop can be provided with current.The known manner of effecting reswitching is tardy and troublesome since trying and switching take place at the respective network station and these stations may be situated at a distance from each other amounting to several kilometers. The time during which the electricity consumers must be without current will thus become long.
The object of this invention is to realize a method and an apparatus permitting fully automatic reswitching of all the network stations which are not connected to the damaged line section and to screen off this section.
The essential characteristic of the method according to the invention resides in that that one of the electric switch devices which after control voltage drop-out will first receive control voltage after automatic closure will be blocked in closed position, while the other electric switch device, which opens on renewed control voltage dropout within a predetermined time after such closure, will be blocked in the opened position against further automatic action.
The essential characteristic of the apparatus according to the invention resides in that, on a station with two alternative input paths provided each with one control-voltage operated electric switch device which opens on dropout of control voltage, the electric switch devices are provided with a blocking unit which primarily blocks from opening the electric switch device first recovering control voltage and blocks the other electric switch device in open position on renewed dropout of control voltage.
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the basic function of the load switching automatic system; Fig. 2 schematically and in a simplified manner illustrates the basic function of the load switch device or load disconnecting switch; Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the buildup of a control system for use according to the invention; Fig. 4 is a simplified representation of the same: and Fig. 5 schematically illustrates an example of application of the apparatus according to the invention.
In Fig. 1, which schematically shows the basic function, the connections 11 and 12 for the control voltage are indicated at the top of the figure. A charge resistor, designated by R, is operative to charge the capacitor C. T1 and T3 designate switch-off delayed time relays and T2 designates a switch-on delayed time relay. R1, R2 and R3 are relays, the toggle relay R2 consisting of a blocking relay and R3 being a toggle relay operative to bar automatic deblocking if blocking has taken place automatically via the time relay T3. The sections enclosed by dash-dotted lines, i.e. the contact means, are to be found in Fig. 3.
Fig. 2 illustrates in a simplified manner the basic function of the load switch device or load disconnecting switch and here the voltage transformer of the control voltage source is designated by UT and the load disconnecting switch by LF. The control voltage can control the basic function in the following way: a) When the control voltage disappears without recovering within a predetermined time-compare the time relay T1 in Fig. 1-the load switch device LF opens.
b) When the control voltage recovers and lasts over a predetermined time-compare the time relay T2 in Fig. 1-the load switch device LF closes.
c) When the control voltage disappears within a predetermined time after the load switch device LF has closed according to b)-compare the time relay T3 in Fig. 1-the load switch device opens and is blocked against further automatic actuation. Irrespective of changes in the control voltage the load switch device will thus remain in opened position.
Fig. 3 shows schematically a control-voltage operated switch device in two different input paths to one and the same station. Either input path is provided with such an electric switch device, e.g. a load disconnecting switch. The control source is always common to both the electric switch devices and will automatically be that one of the two feed paths that are alive or-in case both the feed paths are alive-that one of the feed paths which is first set under voltage.
The control voltage source effects closure of the electric switch device that is open and blocking of the release circuit for opening the switch device in the input paths of the control source concerned. If the control voltage disappears, thus only one of the two electric switch devices will open. If, after the electric switch device has again closed, i.e.
the control voltage has recovered, the control voltage will again disappear within a predetermined time, then one, i.e. the nonblocked rearward electric switch device will again open, and according to the invention it will also be blocked into open position so that it can no more be automatically actuated.
On the contrary, when both the input paths are alive and one of the switch devices is in open position and blocked against automatic influence, and the voltage for one input path disappears without recovering within a predetermined time, then the blocking of the open switch device will be broken and this will automatically be brought to closed position. This, i.e. the removal of the blocking, can take place only if it is the consequence of a manual, non automatic switchoff operation.
From Fig. 3 it is also possible to deduce that the control voltage source, i.e. the voltage transformer, supplies driving power for closing the electric switch devices at the same time as a capacitor member is charged with a capacity sufficient to release the opening process if the control voltage should disappear. Thus, no batteries or other auxiliary power sources independent of the control voltage are required.
Fig. 4 shows in a simplified manner the apparatus according to Fig. 3. UT1 and UT2 indicate the voltage transformers of the control voltage sources and M1 and M2 indicate respectively the so-called motor units with contactors framed by dash-dotted lines in Fig. 3.
In the example of application shown in Fig. 5 network stations arranged along a loop are designated by A, B, C, D and E. The loop is connected to a feeding line via the switches S1 and S2 and an assumed fault between the network stations B and C is designated by X.
When the fault arises the switches S1 and S2 are turned off and the entire loop S1-A-B-C-D-E- S2 will become dead. After a certain adjustable time without voltage one of the load disconnecting switches A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2, Dl -D2, El -E2 opens in each station connected to the loop, while the other remains in closed position.
When S1 is switched on after a predetermined time, either automatically or manually, one, AUT1, of the voltage transformers of the station will become alive. During the following course of operations the two load connecting switches Al and A2 will be controlled by this voltage source since the voltage transformer AUT2 has not yet been set under voltage. After a predetermined time that one of the load disconnecting switches Al or A2 which has opened due to dropout of voltage, will be brought to closed position and the control circuit for automatic opening of the load disconnecting device Al will be blocked due to influence of the blocking relay R2, Fig. 1. From this moment the line section A-B will be switched on and at the same time the control voltage transformers AUT2 and BUT1 will receive voltage.This does not have any influence on the choice of control source in station A since the voltage transformer AUT1 has been set under voltage before AUT2 and, as mentioned with reference to Fig. 3, that input path which has first been set under voltage.
In the station B the same process as in the station A is repeated and this will successively lead to switching of the line section B-C. This leads to the switch S1 being automatically turned off so that the entire section S1--X will become dead. The dropout of voltage results in opening of the load disconnecting switches A2 and B2 and blocking of the control automatic system of the latter from further automatic influence in the manner indicated in the part of the above description concerning Fig. 1 under c).
When the switch S1 is turned on the second time the voltage-controlled operation courses in station A are initiated, whereby the load disconnecting switch A2 closes and the line section A-B will receive constant voltage. As the voltage dropped out the second time the load disconnecting switch B1 has retained closed position in station B, while B2, as mentioned, has opened and been blocked.
The remaining part of the loop S1-A-B-C-D-E S2 is switched on from the opposite direction, that is from S2. The same sequence of operations as has been described above is allowed to proceed in stations D, E, and C. By successive automatic switch-on attempts one attains eventually the line section containing the fault X from the opposite direction. When the load disconnecting switch C1 has been blocked in open position all the stations recover voltage and the faulty line section B-C is disconnected.
The time required for the automatic disconnection of a faulty line section and the restoration of voltage for the other sections included are of course of a certain interest. The position of the fault in relation to the input points and the number of stations connected between these points are of course of importance as well as the function times chosen for the automatic means.If assuming that the switches S1 and S2 are adapted automatically to carry out reswitching attempts after 10 s and that the recovery time, i.e. the time that must pass after automatic turning-on of the switch in order that the following switch-off should not be definitive, is 1 5 s and that the closing time of the load disconnecting switches, i.e. the running time of the operating means, is 1 5 s, then the resulting time in the most unfavourable fault position indicated in the described example is: 10+5x 15+1 0+4x 15=155 seconds.
Accordingly, the automatic process only requires 2-3 minutes.
As advantages with the method and apparatus according to the invention it should be pointed out that the components of the equipment for the operation, motor operating means and shunt turnoff magnets/blocking relays are comparatively simple and thus require little maintenance.
Moreover, no special measuring or controlling lines are required between the stations or for a common operation center, control chambers or the like. Separate auxiliary power sources for the automatic functions are not either required but conventional voltage transformers are used for this purpose.
The invention must not be considered restricted to that described above and shown in the drawings but may be modified in various ways within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method of effecting automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault spot, especially at stations having two input paths, each input path being provided with an electric switch device (A1--A2, Bl-B2, Ca-C2), e.g. a load disconnecting switch, adapted to open on dropout of control voltage beyond a predetermined time and to close when recovery control voltage lasts beyond a predetermined time, characterized in that that one of the electric switch devices which after control voltage dropout will first receive control voltage after automatic closure will be blocked in closed position, while the other electric switch device of the station, which opens on renewed control voltage dropout within a predetermined time after such closure, will be blocked in the opened position against further automatic influence.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, at each station with two input paths having each one load disconnecting switch with a common control source, that one of the two input paths which is alive or, if both of them are alive, that input path which is first set under voltage after dropout and recovery of control voltage, is adapted to effect closure of the associated opened load disconnecting switch and blocking of a release circuit for opening of said load disconnecting switch in the input path concerned, while only the second disconnecting switch can automatically open and, if the control voltage drops out within a certain time after the closure time point, the disconnecting switch thus opened will be blocked in open position.
3. Apparatus for effecting automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault location, especially at stations having two input paths, each input path being provided with an electric switch device (Ai-A2, B1--B2, Cl- C2), e.g. a load disconnecting switch adapted to open on dropout of control voltage beyond a predetermined time and to close when recovery control voltage lasts beyond a predetermined time, characterized in that, at a station with two alternative input paths provided each with a control-voltage operated electric switch device which opens on dropout of control voltage, the electric switch devices are provided with a blocking unit which primarily blocks from opening the electric switch device first recovering control voltage and blocks the other electric switch device in open position on renewed dropout of control voltage.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that connected to the control voltage source is a capacitor (C) adapted to be charged by the control voltage with a capacity sufficient to effect operation of the electric switch devices or load disconnecting switches on dropout of control voltage.
5. Apparatus for effecting automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch, substantially as herein described with reference to, and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
GB08400247A 1983-01-17 1984-01-06 Automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault Withdrawn GB2135541A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8300220A SE460748B (en) 1983-01-17 1983-01-17 DEVICE TO ACHIEVE AUTOMATIC BLOCKING OF LOAD DISPLAYER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8400247D0 GB8400247D0 (en) 1984-02-08
GB2135541A true GB2135541A (en) 1984-08-30

Family

ID=20349629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08400247A Withdrawn GB2135541A (en) 1983-01-17 1984-01-06 Automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault

Country Status (9)

Country Link
BE (1) BE898689A (en)
DE (1) DE3401267A1 (en)
DK (1) DK15184A (en)
FI (1) FI840158A (en)
FR (1) FR2539560B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2135541A (en)
NL (1) NL8400150A (en)
NO (1) NO164066C (en)
SE (1) SE460748B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0554553A2 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of and system for disconnecting faulty distribution line section from power distribution line
GB2326780A (en) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 Northern Electric Distribution Fault location on switch protected power circuit
FR2815785A1 (en) * 2000-10-23 2002-04-26 Alstom Device for protection against the effects of faults in a parallel ventilating load in medium voltage networks

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1537841A (en) * 1974-11-22 1979-01-04 Sprecher & Schuh Ag System for switching out a short-circuited section from a closed electrical ring distribution system

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2105860C3 (en) * 1971-01-28 1974-01-10 Klaus Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Buergel Protection and short-circuit location system for interconnected multiple rings

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1537841A (en) * 1974-11-22 1979-01-04 Sprecher & Schuh Ag System for switching out a short-circuited section from a closed electrical ring distribution system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0554553A2 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of and system for disconnecting faulty distribution line section from power distribution line
EP0554553A3 (en) * 1991-12-16 1994-09-07 Toshiba Kk Method of and system for disconnecting faulty distribution line section from power distribution line
GB2326780A (en) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 Northern Electric Distribution Fault location on switch protected power circuit
GB2326780B (en) * 1997-06-23 2001-07-11 Northern Electric Distrib Ltd Electrical power supply circuits
FR2815785A1 (en) * 2000-10-23 2002-04-26 Alstom Device for protection against the effects of faults in a parallel ventilating load in medium voltage networks
ES2189668A1 (en) * 2000-10-23 2003-07-01 Alstom Device for protection against the effects of faults in a parallel ventilating load in medium voltage networks
BE1018253A3 (en) * 2000-10-23 2010-08-03 Areva T & D Sa DEVICE FOR PROTECTING AGAINST MESH DEFECT EFFECTS IN MEDIUM VOLTAGE NETWORKS.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8300220L (en) 1984-07-18
NL8400150A (en) 1984-08-16
FI840158A (en) 1984-07-18
GB8400247D0 (en) 1984-02-08
NO164066B (en) 1990-05-14
NO164066C (en) 1990-08-22
SE8300220D0 (en) 1983-01-17
FI840158A0 (en) 1984-01-16
NO840116L (en) 1984-07-18
SE460748B (en) 1989-11-13
FR2539560A1 (en) 1984-07-20
FR2539560B1 (en) 1987-05-22
BE898689A (en) 1984-05-16
DE3401267A1 (en) 1984-10-18
DK15184D0 (en) 1984-01-13
DK15184A (en) 1984-07-18

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)