GB2134314A - Interconnected battery cells - Google Patents

Interconnected battery cells Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2134314A
GB2134314A GB08319050A GB8319050A GB2134314A GB 2134314 A GB2134314 A GB 2134314A GB 08319050 A GB08319050 A GB 08319050A GB 8319050 A GB8319050 A GB 8319050A GB 2134314 A GB2134314 A GB 2134314A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
battery
plates
lines
cells
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08319050A
Other versions
GB8319050D0 (en
Inventor
Ernest James Pearson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chloride Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Chloride Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chloride Group Ltd filed Critical Chloride Group Ltd
Publication of GB8319050D0 publication Critical patent/GB8319050D0/en
Priority to AU20648/83A priority Critical patent/AU567697B2/en
Priority to ES526837A priority patent/ES8506942A1/en
Priority to BR8305961A priority patent/BR8305961A/en
Priority to PT77569A priority patent/PT77569B/en
Priority to ZW230/83A priority patent/ZW23083A1/en
Priority to PT77567A priority patent/PT77567B/en
Priority to BR8305957A priority patent/BR8305957A/en
Priority to NO833925A priority patent/NO833925L/en
Priority to AU20653/83A priority patent/AU567896B2/en
Priority to ES526833A priority patent/ES526833A0/en
Priority to CA000440023A priority patent/CA1215110A/en
Priority to CA000440016A priority patent/CA1215109A/en
Priority to DK494783A priority patent/DK494783A/en
Priority to GB08328888A priority patent/GB2134695B/en
Priority to EP83306575A priority patent/EP0107976A3/en
Priority to GB08328892A priority patent/GB2134696B/en
Priority to DK495183A priority patent/DK495183A/en
Priority to EP83306571A priority patent/EP0107517A3/en
Priority to US06/547,226 priority patent/US4525438A/en
Priority to US06/547,227 priority patent/US4504556A/en
Publication of GB2134314A publication Critical patent/GB2134314A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0463—Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0468—Compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/342—Gastight lead accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
    • H01M6/46—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells
    • H01M6/48—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells with bipolar electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

In a multi-cell electric storage battery negative plates (11) and positive plates (12) are in two parallel lines formed from continuously cast grid material which is pasted, cut into lengths containing a number of grids corresponding to the number of cells in the finished battery, and the arrays of pasted grids are stacked with interleaving separator material. Adjacent stacks in each line are separated from each other at (40). The cells are made up from bi-polar elements each of which consists of a positive plate in one stack, and a negative plate in a stack at the other side of the battery interconnected by an integral co-planar lug (14). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Electric storage batteries This invention relates to the manufacture of multicell electric storage batteries, and one object is to provide a method of manufacture which enables multi-cell batteries to be made with efficient use of the raw materials, and in particular the lead alloy or other material for forming the plate grids.
According to one aspect of the present invention in a multi-cell electric storage battery, each cell comprises a stack of positive and negative battery plates and separator material between plates, each plate being in a common plane with a plate in each other cell, which plates are disposed all adjacent a hypothetical median line in the common plane with some on one side and some on the other side of the median line.
The stacks of plates can be built up from arrays of plates in the common planes with interleaving separator material and in each plate stack the plates will be alternately positive plates and negative plates. By arranging for the plates to be on either side of the median line, they can all be close to the median line, and they can be as small as is practicable so that all the battery active material in the plates can be reasonably close to the median line, where cell interconnecting means can be arranged.
Thus, lugs interconnecting pairs of plates one on each side of the median line can extend across the median line; they may be integral and co-planarwith the plates they interconnect.
The plates may be in two lines, one on each side of the median line.
The median lines of all the common planes are preferably in a second common plane perpendicular to the planes of the said common planes.
Preferably, each plate in one of a bi-polar pair of plates, with plates of the two polarities on respective sides of the median line.
Preferably the battery comprises a line of battery cell stacks extending parallel with the median lines.
Preferably each cell of the battery comprises a stack of plates, one from each of the common planes.
According to another aspect of the invention, a recombination electric battery comprises two sideby-side lines of battery cells, with intercell connections extending between cells, one in each line.
The intercell connections may be the only mechanical or electrical connection between the cells, and in particular there need be no partition and no sealing between the two lines of cells.
According to a further aspect of the invention an electric battery comprises two side-by-side lines of battery cells, each cell consisting of a multi-layer sandwich of negative and positive plates with separators between plates, the plates (other than certain plates at the ends of the battery,) being part of integral, planar units each unit having a positive plate in a cell in one line, a negative plate in a cell in the other line, and an interconnecting lug.
Preferably the cells in one line are staggered in relation to those in the other line, and that can leave a space at each end of the battery in which a terminal post connected to the end lugs can be accommodated.
Preferably, each planar plate unit is an integral casting, or has been formed from an integral casting and subsequently separated into a number of bipolar plates.
An interconnecting lug between plates one in each line is conveniently in the form of two separated side-by-side portions for ease in separating the cells of one battery from the cells of the next battery in the line.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways, and one embodiment will be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings; in which: Figure 1 is a drawing of a continuously cast lead strip including a number of grids for manufacturing electric storage batteries; Figure2 is a diagram useful in explaining the construction of the batteries as stacks of the grids; and Figure 3 is a horizontal section of one end of a completed battery.
Battery grids are manufactured from continuously cast elongate strips of lead mesh which may be cast on a casting machine generally of the type described in U.S. Patent Specification No. 4349067 published in September, 14th, 1982, and a short length of the continuously cast mesh is as shown in Figure 1. The casting is in the form of an array of grids in two side-by-sides line, a line of negative grids 11 and a line of positive grids 12. The lines are separated by a gap 13 but at regular intervals along the gap a negative grid is integral with a positive grid through an interconnecting lug 14. The pitch of the lugs 14 is equal to the pitch of the grids in the two lines, so that each grid is connected to one grid in the other line through one of the lugs.There are also cast interconnecting links 15 between grids in each line to give the cast elongate strip some stability, but they are severed during manufacture as will be described below. Each grid is formed with bars extending parallel with the length of the strip, as indicated at 17 and they are closer spaced in the positive grids than in the negative grid. In the negative grids there are also bars 18 extending transversely of the line of the casting, whereas in the positive grids there are current bars 19 extending generally radially from the lugs 14. The grid frames are broadened where they are connected to the lugs 14, as indicated at 21. In general the current bars in the positive grids are wider than those in the negative grids. The thickness of the cast strip to provide grids for a typical automotive battery is about one millimetre.
Cell elements for batteries are made by building up a number of stacks or sandwiches of alternate layers of grids in the elongate cast grid material with adjacent pairs of layers separated by compressible fibrous absorbent separator material in the form of a sheet of micro fine glass fibres. The sandwich may be many layers thick and the number of layers will be related to the current capacity of the battery. In the first, third, fifth and so on, layers of the sandwich the negative grids are on one side of the sandwich, and in the second, fourth and so on layers of grid material, the negative grids are on the other side.
The cast strips are located longitudinally in such a way that in each section of the sandwich a positive grid is in exact register with a negative grid immediately above, or immediately below it, or both. That means that the lugs 14 are staggered generally as shown in Figure 2, so that the grids in the first, third fifth and so on layers are interconnected by lugs 14 which are in the same longitudinal position along the length of the sandwich, whereas the second, fourth, and so on layers have plates interconnected by lugs longitudinally spaced between the other lugs as shown at 16.
With a further reference to Figure 1, it can be seen that the grids are all adjacent what may be described as a median line 20 extending between the two lines of grids with the positive plate grids on one side of the median line and the negative grids on the other side. The lugs 14 extend across the median line.
It is to be noted that an 'array' of grids (or plates after application of active material) as shown in Figure 1, has one grid (or plate) in each cell of a multi-cell battery and all the grids (or plates) in the array are in a single plane. It may also be noted that in the grid array of Figure 1, the only connection between plates 11 in one line is by way of the temporary cast links 15 which are removed after stacking and before electrolytic forming. The same applies to the plate 12 in the other line.
It will be appreciated that in the completed battery, after the links 15 and separator material have been cut through, as described below, there will be a line of sandwiches generally as shown in Figure 2, and each sandwich will be built up from grids which (except in the end sandwich) are one half of a double-grid pair consisting of one positive grid in one sandwich, and one negative grid, in a sandwich on the other side of the line of sandwiches. The arrangement of the interconnecting lugs connects the individual cells each consisting of one sandwich in series.
Figure 1 shows that each interconnecting lug 14is separated into two by a central grap 46 extending transversely of the line of production, and that is formed when the grid is first cast, and is for ease in separating an individual battery element from the line, because separation can be by a pair of cuts, as indicated at 47 in Figure 1, one through each half of the lug 14, but one adjacent a negative grid, and one adjacent a positive grid.
The continuous casting machine produces a continuous length of the grid strip of Figure 1 which is pasted with negative and positive active material by a conventional pasting machine but with marking of the spaces between adjacent grids when the links 15 cross to save active material.
Then the pasted double-line strip is cut to length in dependence on the desired voltage of the batteries being made by severing at four links 15 and two cuts 47 as marked at 'X' to produce one plate array.
A number of arrays are stacked by hand with wo lines of elongate separator strip material between adjacent arrays as described above, one line on each side of the median line 20. The elongate strip of grids will have sufficient strength by virtue of the lugs 14 which have not been cut and the interconnecting links 15 between the plates in each side.
A vertical line of half lugs 48 (Figure 2) left at each end of the element is used in the formation of a tapered terminal post 57 for the battery, which is conveniently cast around the vertical line of lugs, in such a way that the thickness of the cast terminal at the take-off end is equivalent to the thickness of the intercell connecting lugs 14 between cells in the battery element; the terminal post will be as close as possible to the inner faces of the plates, so that the resistivity of the conducting path between cells is the same throughout the battery.
Then the links 15 and separator material between adjacent plates 11 and between adjacent plates 12, are cut - preferably while the plates are clamped in their sandwiches - and the battery element is filled with electrolyte and inserted in a container 51 (Figure 3) having integral partitions 43 extending in from the sides of the contains for nearly half the width of the container to insulate the cells in one line from their neighbours in the same line.
Filling is completed if necessary, external connections 59 are connected to the terminal posts 57 and the battery is electrolytically formed.
The battery is of the dry recombination type with no free electrolyte and it has been found that it is not necessary to provide sealing between cells in the gap between two lines of sandwiches because the surface tension generated by the separator material is so strong that adjacent surfaces are dry.
That berry makes very economical use of lead, because all the lead used during casting is included in the finished battery except for the lead forming the interconnecting links 15 and the lead in the grids can be used most efficiently, because the grids are designed primarily for current conducting properties and not for strength or rigidity requirements.
The battery is built up from a large number of fairly small plates forming the individual cells so that each plate can operate most efficiently, and there is a saving in the use of lead and active material for a given battery capacity.

Claims (22)

1. A multi-cell electric storage battery in which each cell comprises a stack of positive and negative battery plates, and separator material between plates, each plate being in a common plane with a plate in each other cell, which plates are disposed all adjacent a hypothetical median line in the common plane with some on one side and some on the other side of the median line.
2. A battery as claimed in Claim 1 in which the plates are in two lines one on each side of the median line.
3. A battery as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 including lugs interconnecting pairs of plates, one on each side of the median line, which lugs extend across the median line.
4. A battery as claimed in Claim 3 in which the lugs are integral and co-planar with the plates they interconnect.
5. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim in which. the median lines of all the common planes are in a further common plane perpendicular to the said common planes.
6. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim in which each plates is one of a bi-polar pair of plates, with plates of the two polarities on respective sides of the median line.
7. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim which comprises two lines of battery cell stacks extending parallel with the median lines.
8. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim in which in each battery plate plane there is a line of positive plates on one side of the median line and a line of negative plates on the other side.
9. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim in which each cell comprises a stack of plates, one from each common plane fitted in an insulating box with an open side facing the median line.
10. A recombination electric battery comprising two side-by-side lines of battery cells with all intercell connections extending between the lines.
11. A battery as claimed in Claim 10 in which there is no sealing and/or, no partition between the two lines of cells.
12. An electrical battery comprising two side-byside lines of battery cells each cell consisting of a multi-layer sandwich of negative and positive plates, with separators between plates, the plates (other than certain plates at the ends of the battery) being part of integral planar units each unit having a positive plate in a cell in one line, a negative plate in a cell in the other line, and and an interconnecting lug.
13. A battery as claimed in Claim 12 in which the interconnecting lugs are the only electrical or mechanical interconnection between cells.
14. A battery as claimed in Claim 12 or Claim 13 in which the cells in one line are staggered in relation to those in the other lines in the direction of the axes of the lines of cells.
15. A battery as claimed in Claim 14 including a terminal post connected to lugs, and accommodated in the space at each end of the battery provided by the staggering of the cells in the two lines.
16. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 12-15, in which the cells are connected electrically in series.
17. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 12-16 in which the planes of the planar units are parallel with the axes of the lines of cells.
18. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 12-17 in which there are no intercell connections not in the planes of the planar units.
19. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 12-18 in which each planar plate unit is an integral casting.
20. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 12-19 in which the interconnecting lugs are in two separated side-by-side portions.
21. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 10-19 in which the intercell connections or interconnecting lugs between cells in the two lines extend across an air space between the lines.
22. A multi-cell electric storage battery constructed and arranged substantially as herein specifically described with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
GB08319050A 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Interconnected battery cells Withdrawn GB2134314A (en)

Priority Applications (20)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU20648/83A AU567697B2 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell storage battery
ES526837A ES8506942A1 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell electric storage batteries.
BR8305961A BR8305961A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERY OF THE TYPE NOT SUBSTANTIALLY CONTAINING MOBILE ELECTRICITE
PT77569A PT77569B (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell electric storage batteries
ZW230/83A ZW23083A1 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell electric storage batteries
PT77567A PT77567B (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell electric storage batteries
BR8305957A BR8305957A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 MULTICELL CELL ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERIES, OF THE TYPE NOT SUBSTANTIALLY CONTAINING MOBILE ELECTROLYTE AND OF THE RECOMBINATION TYPE
NO833925A NO833925L (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 MULTI CELL, ELECTRIC BATTERY BATTERY
AU20653/83A AU567896B2 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 Multicell storage battery
ES526833A ES526833A0 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-27 BATTERY OF ELECTRIC MULTIPLE ELEMENT ACCUMULATORS
EP83306571A EP0107517A3 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
CA000440023A CA1215110A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
CA000440016A CA1215109A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
DK494783A DK494783A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 MULTI CELL ELECTRICAL BATTERY BATTERY
GB08328888A GB2134695B (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
EP83306575A EP0107976A3 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
GB08328892A GB2134696B (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 Multicell electric storage batteries
DK495183A DK495183A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-28 MULTI CELL ELECTRICAL BATTERY BATTERY
US06/547,226 US4525438A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-31 Recombination multicell electric storage battery
US06/547,227 US4504556A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-10-31 Multicell electric storage batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8230958 1982-10-29
GB8230957 1982-10-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8319050D0 GB8319050D0 (en) 1983-08-17
GB2134314A true GB2134314A (en) 1984-08-08

Family

ID=26284256

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08319055A Withdrawn GB2134315A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Interconnected battery grids
GB08319050A Withdrawn GB2134314A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Interconnected battery cells
GB838319054A Pending GB8319054D0 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Electric storage batteries

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08319055A Withdrawn GB2134315A (en) 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Interconnected battery grids

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB838319054A Pending GB8319054D0 (en) 1982-10-29 1983-07-14 Electric storage batteries

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (3) GB2134315A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227358A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-25 Akkumulator Es Szarazelemgyar Process for the preparation of lead battery plates to forming and apparatus for the cleaning of plate lugs

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362661A (en) * 1970-12-21 1974-08-07 Esb Inc Electric batteries formed of stacked lamina-type cells
GB1362662A (en) * 1970-12-21 1974-08-07 Esb Inc Electric batteries formed of stacked lamina-type cells
GB1405817A (en) * 1972-12-07 1975-09-10 Esb Inc Method of making electric batteries

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362661A (en) * 1970-12-21 1974-08-07 Esb Inc Electric batteries formed of stacked lamina-type cells
GB1362662A (en) * 1970-12-21 1974-08-07 Esb Inc Electric batteries formed of stacked lamina-type cells
GB1405817A (en) * 1972-12-07 1975-09-10 Esb Inc Method of making electric batteries

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227358A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-25 Akkumulator Es Szarazelemgyar Process for the preparation of lead battery plates to forming and apparatus for the cleaning of plate lugs
GB2227358B (en) * 1988-12-23 1993-03-24 Akkumulator Es Szarazelemgyar Process and apparatus for the preparation of lead battery plates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8319050D0 (en) 1983-08-17
GB2134315A (en) 1984-08-08
GB8319055D0 (en) 1983-08-17
GB8319054D0 (en) 1983-08-17

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