GB2133104A - Composite camshaft and method of making the same - Google Patents

Composite camshaft and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2133104A
GB2133104A GB08333528A GB8333528A GB2133104A GB 2133104 A GB2133104 A GB 2133104A GB 08333528 A GB08333528 A GB 08333528A GB 8333528 A GB8333528 A GB 8333528A GB 2133104 A GB2133104 A GB 2133104A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
shaft
steel shaft
fitting
aluminum film
fitting member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08333528A
Other versions
GB8333528D0 (en
Inventor
Genkichi Umeha
Keiji Nakamura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Publication of GB8333528D0 publication Critical patent/GB8333528D0/en
Publication of GB2133104A publication Critical patent/GB2133104A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H53/00—Cams ; Non-rotary cams; or cam-followers, e.g. rollers for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H53/02—Single-track cams for single-revolution cycles; Camshafts with such cams
    • F16H53/025—Single-track cams for single-revolution cycles; Camshafts with such cams characterised by their construction, e.g. assembling or manufacturing features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/005—Camshafts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

A composite camshaft having a plurality of ferrous fitting members (12), such as cams and journals, metallurgically joined to a steel shaft (12) with the intervention of an aluminum film (11) between the fitting members and the shaft. The aluminum film is formed by aluminizing the outer periphery of the steel shaft as well as the inner periphery of the ferrous fitting member to provide an outer layer thereof alloyed and diffused to the ferrous fitting member and the inner layer alloyed and diffused to the steel shaft. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Composite camshaft and method of making the same The present invention relates to a composite camshaft for use in internal combustion engines and to a method of making the same, and more particularly to a method for metallurgically joining a shaft of steel to a plurality of fitting members of a ferrous material, such as cams and journals.
The known composite camshaft is composed of a tubular or solid steel shaft and a plurality of fitting members, such as cams and journals, which are separately fabricated and welded, brazed or sintered to the shaft. Welding or brazing is a fairly complicated method for joining the fitting members to the shaft, because all of the fitting portions of the members must be welded or brazed to the shaft, one by one. Besides, the resultant joint is not always reliable in strength. A liquid phase sintering method can be used to join fitting members to a shaft to produce a reliable joint due to alloyed and diffused junctions created therebetween, without treating every fitting member one-by-one. Howeve, this sintering method has the disadvantage that the fitting member must be made of a sinterable alloy.
It is the main object of the present invention to provide a composite camshaft having a steel shaft joined to a plurality of separately fabricated ferrous fitting members, such as cams and journals, possessing a reliable joint strength.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of making the composite camshaft wherein the fitting member is unrestricted in the material from which it is made and the fitting member can be metallurgically secured to the shaft with ease and high productivity.
In accordance with the present invention the composite camshaft has a plurality of fitting members of a ferrous material, such as cams and journals, metallurgically joined to a steel shaft with the intervention of an aluminum film disposed between the shaft and the fitting members. The method of making the composite camshaft comprises aluminizing the outer periphery of the shaft and the inner periphery of the fitting member to form an aluminum film therebetween, the aluminizing being first applied to the shaft and then to the fitting member or simultaneously applied to both elements.
Alternatively, the aluminized film can be applied to either the outer periphery of the shaft or the inner periphery of the fitting members, realizing that it is desired to form an aluminum film between the shaft and the fitting members sufficient to alloy and diffuse the aluminum film to both the shaft and the fitting member to form a metallic bond therebetween.
According to the present invention, the steel shaft can be either solid or tubular and the fitting member can be made of any ferrous material, such as cast iron, a sinterable alloy, or steel. The ferrous fitting member is formed with a bore for providing a slide-fitting engagement with the aluminized outer periphery of the steel shaft but a loosely fitting engagement with an untreated shaft. The assembly of the steel shaft and the ferrous fitting members is preferably heated to about 7000C to form a metallic bond therebetween with the intervention of the aluminum film between the outer periphery of the steel shaft and the inner periphery of the ferrous fitting member.
Alternatively, the assembly of the ferrous fitting members and the untreated steel shaft is first subjected to aluminum infiltration treatment in which molten aluminum is caused to infiltrate a clearance between the fitting member and the shaft to form an aluminum film between the outer periphery of the steel shaft and the inner periphery of the fitting members. Thereafter, the assembly is heated up to about 7000C to form a metallic bond between the fitting member and the shaft with the intervention of the aluminum film therebetween.
The aluminum film has the inner layer thereof alloyed and diffused into the steel shaft and the outer layer alloyed and diffused with the ferrous fitting member with the result that a strong metallic joint is formed between the steel shaft and the ferrous fitting member.
In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the shaft, the outer periphery of which is aluminized; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of cams metallurgically joined to the aluminized shaft of Fig. 1 with the intervention of an aluminum film; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment, showing the cam loosely fitted on an untreated shaft prior to an aluminizing process; Fig. 4 is a somewhat enlarged cross-section taken along the line I-I of Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is a microphotograph (200x) of the section of the boundary region between the cam and the shaft.
Referring now to Fig. 1 , a shaft 10 made of a steel tube 20 is initially aluminized to provide an aluminum film 1 1 over the outer periphery of the shaft 10. The steel tube 20 is made of a material such as JIS STKM 7 (Industrial Standard machinestructural carbon steel tubes) and aluminized by a hot dipping process in which the tube 20 is immersed in a bath of molten aluminum for about 5 to 10 minutes and then taken from the bath to solidify the aluminum on the shaft in the form of an aluminum film 1 1 having a thickness of about 1 mm. The film 1 1 has an outer layer of pure aluminum and an inner layer of ferroaluminum alloy. As can be seen in Fig. 2, cams 12 are separately fabricated from a ferrous material, such as iron, sintered alloy, steel, and the like and each has a bore 13 so that the cams can be slid on the aluminized shaft 10.Each cam 12 is mounted at its predetermined position on the shaft 10. The assembly of shaft 10 and the cams 12 is heated in a furnace at about 7000C for about 30 minutes.
This process produces the formation of a metallic bond between the outer periphery of the shaft 10 and the inner periphery of the cam 12 with the result that the cam 12 is metallurgically joined to the shaft 10 with the intervention of an aluminum film 11 as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a non-aluminized shaft 10 is loosely inserted into the cams 12 which are separately fabricated from a ferrous material.
Molten aluminum is caused to infiltrate into a clearance between the cam 12 and the shaft 10.
Thereafter, the assembly of the cams 12 and the shaft 10 is maintained in a furnace at about 7000C for about 30 minutes. Like the previous embodiment shown in Fig. 2, this embodiment has the cams 12 metallurgically bonded to the shaft 10 with the intervention of an aluminum film 1 1, similar to that of Fig. 2.
As seen in Fig. 4, the shaft 10 is preferably formed with a groove 1 5 for fitting engagement with a projection 14 provided on the cam 12, in order to precisely fix the cam 12 at a preselected angular position on the shaft.
The section of the boundary region between the cam of cast iron and the steel shaft is shown in the microphotograph (200x) of Fig. 5 from which it can be seen that the cam of flake graphite cast iron A is metallurgically joined to the shaft of steel D with the intervention of a pure aluminum layer B and a diffused and alloyed layer C.
From the foregoing, it will be understood that the present inventive method puts no restriction on the material of the cam as well as the journal and the cam and the journal can be fabricated from a ferrous material, such as cast iron, a sinterable ferroalloy, and steel, taking into account such mechanical properties as wear-resistance, workability, cost and the like. The aluminizing method of the present invention produces a reliable joint between the cam and the shaft and facilitates mass production of composite camshafts.

Claims (8)

1. A composite camshaft comprising a steel shaft and a plurality of separately fabricated fitting members of a ferrous material secured to said shaft, wherein an aluminum film is disposed between the outer periphery of said steel shaft and the inner periphery of said fitting member, said aluminum film being alloyed and diffused both to said steel shaft and to said ferrous fitting member to form a metallic bond therebetween.
2. A composite camshaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fitting members are cams and/or journals.
3. A composite camshaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel shaft is provided with grooves and the fitting members are provided with corresponding projections in order to precisely fix the fitting members at preselected angular positions on the shaft.
4. A method of making a composite camshaft comprising a steel shaft and a plurality of separately fabricated fitting members made of a ferrous material secured to said shaft, wherein the outer periphery of said steel shaft and the inner periphery of each fitting member are aluminized to form an aluminum film therebetween, and the assembly of said steel shaft and said fitting members is heated to alloy and diffuse said aluminum film both to said steel shaft and to said fitting member to form a metallic bond therebetween.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the assembly is heated to about 700cm.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the outer periphery of said steel shaft is aluminized in a bath of molten aluminum and the inner periphery of each fitting member is aluminized by aluminum film on the outer periphery of said steel shaft.
7. The method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the outer periphery of said steel shaft and the inner periphery of said fitting members are aluminized by a treatment in which molten aluminum is caused to infiltrate into a clearance between said steel shaft and each fitting member to form an aluminum film therebetween.
8. A composite camshaft substantially as described with reference to, and as illustrated in, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, or Figs. 3 to 5, of the accompanying drawings.
GB08333528A 1982-12-28 1983-12-16 Composite camshaft and method of making the same Withdrawn GB2133104A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57227654A JPS59120384A (en) 1982-12-28 1982-12-28 Production of cam shaft

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8333528D0 GB8333528D0 (en) 1984-01-25
GB2133104A true GB2133104A (en) 1984-07-18

Family

ID=16864245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08333528A Withdrawn GB2133104A (en) 1982-12-28 1983-12-16 Composite camshaft and method of making the same

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59120384A (en)
DE (1) DE3346486A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2133104A (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3540979A1 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Georg Fischer AG, Schaffhausen, CH, Niederlassung: Georg Fischer AG, 7700 Singen Method for the production of a compound camshaft
US4781076A (en) * 1986-01-17 1988-11-01 The Torrington Company Camshaft for reciprocating piston engines
US4809562A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-03-07 The Torrington Company Camshaft manufacture
WO1989002997A1 (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-04-06 Husted Royce Hill Camshafts and methods of making same
US4847963A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-07-18 The Torrington Company Camshaft manufacture
US4899615A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-02-13 Etablissement Supervis Device for assembling a cam member with a cam shaft
WO1990012226A1 (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-18 Husted Royce Hill Plastic stabilized composite camshaft
GB2238845A (en) * 1989-12-05 1991-06-12 Trw Steering & Ind Prod Adjustable couplings
US5041253A (en) * 1987-10-01 1991-08-20 Husted Royce Hill Method of making a plastic stabilized composite camshaft
FR2672528A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1992-08-14 Miba Sintermetall Ag PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A FRITTAGE SHAPE PART
US5165303A (en) * 1989-07-04 1992-11-24 Gkn Automotive Ag Cam shaft for internal combustion engine
US5201247A (en) * 1988-01-14 1993-04-13 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Assembled shaft and process for production thereof
USRE34565E (en) * 1986-01-17 1994-03-22 The Torrington Company Camshaft for reciprocating piston engines
WO2002100588A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2002-12-19 Karl Merz Welded camshaft and method for production thereof and the required cams
WO2015025105A1 (en) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Snecma Method for assembling two blades of a turbomachine nozzle
CN105276128A (en) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-27 株式会社瑞进凸轮轴 Concentric camshaft and method of manufacturing rotatable cam and fixed cam for concentric camshaft
RU2684993C2 (en) * 2014-10-30 2019-04-16 Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорейшн Laser welding connection and its manufacturing method

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63256286A (en) * 1987-04-14 1988-10-24 Kubota Ltd Method for solid phase joining of metallic members
US5205187A (en) * 1987-05-12 1993-04-27 Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh Hollow shaft
DE3720597C1 (en) * 1987-05-12 1988-08-11 Schneider Gesenkschmiede Hollow shaft
DE3736422A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-11 Michael Schenk Camshaft and method for its manufacture
DE3800913A1 (en) * 1988-01-14 1989-08-03 Emitec Emissionstechnologie MULTI-LAYER DRIVE SHAFT
DE102006049757A1 (en) * 2006-10-21 2008-04-30 Mahle International Gmbh Cam shaft for internal combustion engine, has cam with cam effect-grip surface formed of clear chilled cast iron, where anchoring unit of cam is provided between clear chilled cast iron and core radially adjacent to cast iron
CN109723512A (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-07 丹阳市金长汽车部件有限公司 A kind of engine cam

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1476326A (en) * 1973-04-27 1977-06-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of joining two metal parts

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1476326A (en) * 1973-04-27 1977-06-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of joining two metal parts

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2578463A1 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-12 Fischer Ag Georg PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMPOSITE CAM SHAFT
US4798178A (en) * 1985-03-06 1989-01-17 Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft Compound camshaft and method of manufacturing the same
DE3540979A1 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Georg Fischer AG, Schaffhausen, CH, Niederlassung: Georg Fischer AG, 7700 Singen Method for the production of a compound camshaft
US4899615A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-02-13 Etablissement Supervis Device for assembling a cam member with a cam shaft
US4781076A (en) * 1986-01-17 1988-11-01 The Torrington Company Camshaft for reciprocating piston engines
USRE34565E (en) * 1986-01-17 1994-03-22 The Torrington Company Camshaft for reciprocating piston engines
US4847963A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-07-18 The Torrington Company Camshaft manufacture
US4809562A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-03-07 The Torrington Company Camshaft manufacture
WO1989002997A1 (en) * 1987-10-01 1989-04-06 Husted Royce Hill Camshafts and methods of making same
US5041253A (en) * 1987-10-01 1991-08-20 Husted Royce Hill Method of making a plastic stabilized composite camshaft
US5201247A (en) * 1988-01-14 1993-04-13 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Assembled shaft and process for production thereof
US4977793A (en) * 1988-06-17 1990-12-18 Husted Royce Hill Plastic stabilized composite camshaft
WO1990012226A1 (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-18 Husted Royce Hill Plastic stabilized composite camshaft
US5115879A (en) * 1989-05-12 1992-05-26 Trw Steering & Industrial Products (Japan) 051156651 Centering device for a servo valve of a power steering device
US5165303A (en) * 1989-07-04 1992-11-24 Gkn Automotive Ag Cam shaft for internal combustion engine
US5577420A (en) * 1989-07-04 1996-11-26 Riemscheid; Helmut Cam shaft for internal combustion engine
GB2238845B (en) * 1989-12-05 1993-09-22 Trw Steering & Ind Prod A balance pin connecting a torsion bar of a steering device and a power steering device having such a balance pin
GB2238845A (en) * 1989-12-05 1991-06-12 Trw Steering & Ind Prod Adjustable couplings
FR2672528A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1992-08-14 Miba Sintermetall Ag PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A FRITTAGE SHAPE PART
WO2002100588A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2002-12-19 Karl Merz Welded camshaft and method for production thereof and the required cams
WO2015025105A1 (en) * 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Snecma Method for assembling two blades of a turbomachine nozzle
CN105473265A (en) * 2013-08-20 2016-04-06 斯奈克玛 Method for assembling two blades of a turbomachine nozzle
US10144099B2 (en) 2013-08-20 2018-12-04 Snecma Method for assembling two blades of a turbomachine nozzle
RU2674182C2 (en) * 2013-08-20 2018-12-05 Снекма Method for assembling two blades of turbomachine nozzle
CN105276128A (en) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-27 株式会社瑞进凸轮轴 Concentric camshaft and method of manufacturing rotatable cam and fixed cam for concentric camshaft
RU2684993C2 (en) * 2014-10-30 2019-04-16 Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорейшн Laser welding connection and its manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8333528D0 (en) 1984-01-25
DE3346486A1 (en) 1984-07-05
JPS59120384A (en) 1984-07-11

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