GB2130728A - Measuring settling rates - Google Patents
Measuring settling rates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2130728A GB2130728A GB08324516A GB8324516A GB2130728A GB 2130728 A GB2130728 A GB 2130728A GB 08324516 A GB08324516 A GB 08324516A GB 8324516 A GB8324516 A GB 8324516A GB 2130728 A GB2130728 A GB 2130728A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- pulp
- density
- rate
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920005439 Perspex® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012106 screening analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
A device for measuring the settling rate of a pulp containing ferromagnetic particles includes a Perspex (RTM) tube 10 into which the pulp is placed. A single layer coil 12 is wound around the tube and forms part of an L-C oscillator. The effective inductance of the coil is monitored to provide an indication of mass density of the ferromagnetic particles in the region of the coil 12 and changes therein are indicative of the settling rate. The coil may form part of a Colpitts oscillator 14 the output from which is converted to voltage by phase locked loop 16, amplified 18, and differentiated at 20 to produce a signal which is proportional to rate of change of density. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Measuring settling rate
The invention relates to devices for measuring
settling rates of pulps containing ferromagnetic
particles.
Settling rates are one useful parameter for describing a pulp behaviour. The settling rate
must not be disturbed by placing measuring devices in positions which might disturb or
interfere with settlement of the particles. Further, contamination of measuring devices or interaction with the pulp can be caused if measuring devices and pulp are in direct contact with one another.
According to the invention there is provided a
device for measuring the settling rate of a pulp containing ferromagnetic particles comprising an elongate container for the pulp formed of non
magnetic material, an electrical conductor wound around the outside of the container as a single layer coil extending lengthwise along a region of the container adjacent the upper surface of the pulp and circuit means for monitoring the effective inductance of the coil to determine the settling rate of the particles.
Preferably, the changes of inductance of the coil are converted into a reading of the rate of change of density, which is equivalent or corresponds to a settling rate defined at the centre of the coil.
A device for measuring the settling rate of a pulp according to the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing.
Referring to the drawing, a stoppered perspex (RTM) tube 10 contains a small sample of pulp in which there are particles of ferrosilicon material.
A single layer coil 12 is wound around the tube 10 and forms part of a tuned Colpitts L-C oscillator 14. The frequency varying output of the oscillator 14 is connected to a phase-locked loop 1 6 to convert frequency to voltage. The voltage is amplified, linearised and filtered by an amplifier circuit 18 to produce an output signal proportional to the mass density of ferrosilicon enclosed in the coil 12. Because the relationship between frequency and inductance in a Colpitts oscillator is a square-root function, it is necessary to linearise the output from the frequency to voltage converter to obtain a signal proportional to the inductance, which in turn is proportional to the mass density of the ferrosilicon enclosed by the coil 12.The output signal is differentiated with respect to time in a differentiating circuit 20 to produce a signal proportional to the rate of change of density which corresponds to the settling rate of the pulp enclosed by the coil 12.
As the coil 12 is a single layer, shielding of the
coil 12 is unnecessary as only variations enclosed within the coil affect its effective impedance. The relationship between the density of the pulp, which is dependent on the mass of ferrosilicon particles enclosed by the coil 12, and the inductance has been determined empirically and appears to be substantially linear.
As already mentioned, because the relationship between frequency and inductance is an inverse square root function it is necessary to do some processing, either by analogue or digital methods, of the signal to extract a voltage linearly reflecting density. These techniques are known and not the subject of this invention.
Differentiation of the signal, and processing of the derivative to give the maximum rate of change of density is done by standard electronic techniques which are not the subject of this patent application. The maximum rate of change of density is displayed on a panel meter, which can also show the starting density in the described embodiment of this technique. This measurement is of significant importance in the operation of density separation processes. The electronic technique is more rapid than screening analysis, which is currently used to monitor ferrosilicon quality, and does not require the drying of the sample.
Embodiments of the invention have particular application in measuring settling rates of pulps containing ferromagnetic particles in heavy media used in density separation.
Claims
1. A device for measuring the settling rates of a pulp containing ferromagnetic particles comprising an elongate container for the pulp formed of non-magnetic material, an electrical conductor wound around the outside of the container as single layer coil extending lengthwise along a region of the container adjacent the upper surface of the pulp and circuit means for monitoring the effective inductance of the coil to determine the settling rate of the particles.
2. A device according to claim 1 in which the changes in inductance of the coil are converted into a reading of the rate of change of density.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the single layer coil forms part of a tuned L-C oscillator and the frequency varying output in use is connected to a phase-locked loop to convert frequency to voltage.
4. A device according to claim 3 in which the oscillator is a Colpitts oscillator.
5. A device for measuring settling rate of a pulp substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (5)
1. A device for measuring the settling rates of a pulp containing ferromagnetic particles comprising an elongate container for the pulp formed of non-magnetic material, an electrical conductor wound around the outside of the container as single layer coil extending lengthwise along a region of the container adjacent the upper surface of the pulp and circuit means for monitoring the effective inductance of the coil to determine the settling rate of the particles.
2. A device according to claim 1 in which the changes in inductance of the coil are converted into a reading of the rate of change of density.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the single layer coil forms part of a tuned L-C oscillator and the frequency varying output in use is connected to a phase-locked loop to convert frequency to voltage.
4. A device according to claim 3 in which the oscillator is a Colpitts oscillator.
5. A device for measuring settling rate of a pulp substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA826992 | 1982-09-23 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8324516D0 GB8324516D0 (en) | 1983-10-12 |
| GB2130728A true GB2130728A (en) | 1984-06-06 |
| GB2130728B GB2130728B (en) | 1986-07-16 |
Family
ID=25576284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08324516A Expired GB2130728B (en) | 1982-09-23 | 1983-09-13 | Measuring settling rates |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU566766B2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2130728B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991015036A1 (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-10-03 | Detra S.A. | Measurement device and method for sorting used batteries and accumulators |
| WO1993018395A1 (en) * | 1992-03-10 | 1993-09-16 | Christopher Barnes | Apparatus for determining the physical and/or chemical properties of a sample, particularly of blood |
| GB2269235A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-02 | Univ Swansea | Wear monitoring by measuring ferromagnetic particles in liquid |
| US5583432A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-12-10 | Sci-Nostics Limited | Electrical method and apparatus for non-contact determination of physical and/or chemical properties of a sample, particularly of blood |
| WO2011083319A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc | Apparatus and method for characterising sag in fluids |
| CN102854100A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-02 | 重庆交通大学 | Fine sand settling velocity detection method based on image grey |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1035311A (en) * | 1961-06-24 | 1966-07-06 | Robert Eric Young | Method of, and means for measuring the pressure of a fluid |
| GB1300623A (en) * | 1969-04-07 | 1972-12-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Flow meter |
| GB1510103A (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1978-05-10 | Agfa Gevaert | Metallic particle detection apparatus |
| GB1574681A (en) * | 1977-01-22 | 1980-09-10 | Labora Mannheim Gmbh | Device for determining the blood sedimentation rate |
| GB1597753A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1981-09-09 | Ricoh Kk | Apparatus and methods of detecting a residual amount of magnetic developer in a nonmagnetic container |
-
1983
- 1983-09-13 GB GB08324516A patent/GB2130728B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-15 AU AU19166/83A patent/AU566766B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1035311A (en) * | 1961-06-24 | 1966-07-06 | Robert Eric Young | Method of, and means for measuring the pressure of a fluid |
| GB1300623A (en) * | 1969-04-07 | 1972-12-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Flow meter |
| GB1510103A (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1978-05-10 | Agfa Gevaert | Metallic particle detection apparatus |
| GB1574681A (en) * | 1977-01-22 | 1980-09-10 | Labora Mannheim Gmbh | Device for determining the blood sedimentation rate |
| GB1597753A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1981-09-09 | Ricoh Kk | Apparatus and methods of detecting a residual amount of magnetic developer in a nonmagnetic container |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991015036A1 (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-10-03 | Detra S.A. | Measurement device and method for sorting used batteries and accumulators |
| US5429889A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1995-07-04 | Titalyse Sa | Measurement apparatus and process for sorting used batteries and accumulators |
| WO1993018395A1 (en) * | 1992-03-10 | 1993-09-16 | Christopher Barnes | Apparatus for determining the physical and/or chemical properties of a sample, particularly of blood |
| GB2269235A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-02 | Univ Swansea | Wear monitoring by measuring ferromagnetic particles in liquid |
| GB2269235B (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-01-03 | Univ Swansea | Improvements in and relating to wear monitoring |
| US5583432A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-12-10 | Sci-Nostics Limited | Electrical method and apparatus for non-contact determination of physical and/or chemical properties of a sample, particularly of blood |
| WO2011083319A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc | Apparatus and method for characterising sag in fluids |
| US8387442B2 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2013-03-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods to characterize sag in fluids |
| US8635902B2 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2014-01-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods to characterize sag in fluids |
| US8640530B2 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2014-02-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods to characterize sag in fluids |
| US8752414B2 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2014-06-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods to characterize sag in fluids |
| EA024535B1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2016-09-30 | Хэллибертон Энерджи Сервисиз, Инк. | Apparatus and method for characterising sag in fluids |
| CN102854100A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-02 | 重庆交通大学 | Fine sand settling velocity detection method based on image grey |
| CN102854100B (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-06-04 | 重庆交通大学 | Fine sand settling velocity detection method based on image grey |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8324516D0 (en) | 1983-10-12 |
| GB2130728B (en) | 1986-07-16 |
| AU566766B2 (en) | 1987-10-29 |
| AU1916683A (en) | 1984-03-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940913 |