GB2118763A - Solid state electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Solid state electrochemical cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2118763A GB2118763A GB8309140A GB8309140A GB2118763A GB 2118763 A GB2118763 A GB 2118763A GB 8309140 A GB8309140 A GB 8309140A GB 8309140 A GB8309140 A GB 8309140A GB 2118763 A GB2118763 A GB 2118763A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- polyether
- complex
- solid state
- electrochemical cell
- state electrochemical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
- H01M6/181—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte with polymeric electrolytes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A solid state electrochemical cell comprises an anode having Li as its active material, a cathode and an electrolyte comprising a complex of a polyether with lithium. The polyether is atactic, has a low glass transition temperature and is capable of forming a complex with Li<+> ions but not with Na<+> ions. An example of such a polyether is polyvinyl methyl ether. The complex may be blended with another polymer such as a poly(ethylene oxide)- LiClO4 complex to improve mechanical properties for fabrication into the electrolyte.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Solid state electrochemical cell
The invention relates to an electrochemical cell incorporating a solid electrolyte; the electrolyte comprises a complex of a polyether with lithium.
Complexes of poly(ethylene oxide) and a lithium salt have been studied and observed to have high ionic conductivities. See, for example, a paper by M. D. Armand et al) presented to the 2nd
International Conference on Solid Electrolytes at
St. Andrews' University UK in 1978. There is, however, interest in improving the performance of
Li polymer complexes for their use as electrolyte in solid state electrochemical cells.
The invention provides a solid state electrochemical cell comprising an anode having lithium as its active material, a cathode and an electrolyte comprising a complex of a polyether with lithium, the polyether being an atactic polyether having a glass transition temperature of substantially less than 00C and being capable of forming a complex with Li+ ions but not with Na+ ions.
The electrolytes of the invention have been found, in certain test experiments described herein, to have higher ionic conductivities than certain known Li polymer complexes. This is believed to be due to the polyethers of the invention, being atactic, i.e., having no stereo regularity, having an enhanced proportion of amorphous regions. Thus, it is believed that high ionic conductivity may occur via such amorphous regions. Moreover, because the polyether of the invention are not capable of forming complexes with Na+, it is believed that the Li+ ions in the electrolyte will be more loosely bound to the polyether than say in the case of poly(ethylene oxide), which does form complexes with Na+ thereby giving rise to higher lithium ion conductivity.
An example of a polyether useful in the invention is polyvinyl methyl ether, referred to hereinafter as PVME, which has a low glass transistion temperature (-300C) and is an atactic material with amorphous characteristics.
Moreover, PVME is capable of forming complexes with Li salts such Lilo4, e.g. by simple addition thereof, but not with Na salts such as NaSCN.
Polyethers useful in the invention may not necessarily be mechanically suitable in themselves for fabrication into electrolytes suitable for use in electrochemical cells. It may, therefore, be necessary to blend such a polyether with another material to produce appropriate mechanical properties for the above purpose. For example, PVME may be in the form of a viscous liquid at room temperature and may therefore have to be blended with another polymer such as a saturated poly(ethylene oxide)-LiCI04 complex.
Electrochemical cells of the invention may be made by methods known in the art and the electrodes may be constituted by materials known in the art. For example, the anode may be made of Li or of an alloy thereof and the cathode of an intercalation compound such as TiS2.
Several ways of carrying out the invention will be described in detail below by way of example only.
Example 1 (i) Preparation of electrolyte
A complex of PVME, LiClO4 and poly(ethylene oxide) was prepared by addition of the above constituents in methanolic solution. The methanol was then removed under vacuum at 1 000C. The resulting electrolyte had a ratio of 0 atoms in the poly(ethylene oxide) to Li+ ions of 3.9 and had 10% by weight of the PVME in relation to the poly(ethylene oxide).
(ii) Properties of electrolyte
The specific ionic conductivity of the electrolyte was measured and found to be ca.
1 x 10-4 ~1cm~ at 930C. This compares with a value of ca. 6x 1 0~5Q~'cm~1 for a known poly(ethylene oxide)-LiSCN complex having a
O/Li+ ratio of 5.0 and a value of ca.
6x10-5S2-1cm-1 for a known polyethylene oxide)-LiBF4 complex with a O/Li+ ratio of 4.0.
Example 2
The procedure of step (i) of Example 1 was repeated except that the electrolyte produced had 50% by weight of PVME in relation to
poly(ethylene oxide) and an O/Li+ ratio of 3.8. The specific ionic conductivity was found to be ca.
1 0-6#-1cm-1 at 250C This is an order of magnitude higher than the value found for a known poly(ethylene oxide)-LiClO4 complex
having a O/Li+ ratio of 4.5.
Claims (5)
1. A solid state electrochemical cell comprising an anode having lithium as its active material, a cathode and an electrolyte comprising a complex of a polyether with lithium, the polyether being an atactic polyether having a glass transition temperature of substantially less than 00C and being capable of forming a complex with Li+ ions but not with Na+ ions.
2. A solid state electrochemical cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyether is polyvinyl methyl ether.
3. A solid state electrochemical cell as claimed in either of the preceding claims wherein the polyether is blended with another polymer for improving the mechanical properties of the polyether.
4. A solid state electrochemical cell as claimed in claim 4 wherein the other polymer is poly(ethylene oxide).
5. A solid state electrochemical cell as claimed in claim 4 wherein the electrolyte comprises a complex of polyvinyl methyl ether with LiClO4 blended with a complex of poly(ethylene oxide) with LiClO4.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8309140A GB2118763B (en) | 1982-04-16 | 1983-04-05 | Solid state electrochemical cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8211146 | 1982-04-16 | ||
GB8309140A GB2118763B (en) | 1982-04-16 | 1983-04-05 | Solid state electrochemical cell |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2118763A true GB2118763A (en) | 1983-11-02 |
GB2118763B GB2118763B (en) | 1986-11-26 |
Family
ID=26282577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8309140A Expired GB2118763B (en) | 1982-04-16 | 1983-04-05 | Solid state electrochemical cell |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2118763B (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2568574A1 (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-07 | Comp Generale Electricite | Ionically conductive polymer and solid electrolyte employing it |
FR2570224A1 (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-03-14 | Elf Aquitaine | SOLID ELECTROLYTE POLYMER CONSTITUTED BY A RETICULATED COPOLYMER |
FR2584868A1 (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-16 | Elf Aquitaine | Ionic conduction macromolecular material |
EP0213985A1 (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-03-11 | Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine | Macromolecular material with ion conductivity |
EP0312160A2 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-19 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Solid polymeric electrolyte and electrochemical generators containing it |
US4970012A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-11-13 | Nippon Oil Company, Ltd. | Polymeric solid electrolytes and production process thereof |
EP0411693A1 (en) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-02-06 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Solid polymeric electrolyte and devices which incorporate it |
EP0418066A2 (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-03-20 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Method of producing a resin moulding having an electrostatic coating |
EP0421612A2 (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1991-04-10 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Method for improving electric conductivity of a resin moulding |
-
1983
- 1983-04-05 GB GB8309140A patent/GB2118763B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2568574A1 (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-07 | Comp Generale Electricite | Ionically conductive polymer and solid electrolyte employing it |
FR2570224A1 (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-03-14 | Elf Aquitaine | SOLID ELECTROLYTE POLYMER CONSTITUTED BY A RETICULATED COPOLYMER |
EP0174894A1 (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-03-19 | Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine | Polymeric solid electrolyte based on a reticulated copolymer |
US4914161A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1990-04-03 | Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine | Ionically conductive macromolecular material |
EP0213985A1 (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-03-11 | Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine | Macromolecular material with ion conductivity |
FR2584868A1 (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-16 | Elf Aquitaine | Ionic conduction macromolecular material |
EP0312160A2 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-19 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Solid polymeric electrolyte and electrochemical generators containing it |
EP0312160A3 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1991-05-29 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Solid polymeric electrolyte and electrochemical generators containing it |
US4970012A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-11-13 | Nippon Oil Company, Ltd. | Polymeric solid electrolytes and production process thereof |
EP0411693A1 (en) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-02-06 | ENIRICERCHE S.p.A. | Solid polymeric electrolyte and devices which incorporate it |
EP0421612A2 (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1991-04-10 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Method for improving electric conductivity of a resin moulding |
EP0421612A3 (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1992-08-19 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Method for improving electric conductivity of a resin molding |
EP0418066A2 (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-03-20 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Method of producing a resin moulding having an electrostatic coating |
EP0418066A3 (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-12-18 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Method for electrostatic coating of a resin molding |
US5137748A (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1992-08-11 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Keiyaku Co. | Method for electrostatic coating of a resin molding |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2118763B (en) | 1986-11-26 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |