GB2115065A - Open combustion chamber type diesel engine - Google Patents

Open combustion chamber type diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2115065A
GB2115065A GB08228383A GB8228383A GB2115065A GB 2115065 A GB2115065 A GB 2115065A GB 08228383 A GB08228383 A GB 08228383A GB 8228383 A GB8228383 A GB 8228383A GB 2115065 A GB2115065 A GB 2115065A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
nozzle
combustion chamber
fuel injection
tip
injection nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08228383A
Other versions
GB2115065B (en
Inventor
Takanori Tsugekawa
Tosio Banba
Masakuni Matsui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yanmar Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP1979076055U external-priority patent/JPS55176435U/ja
Application filed by Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd filed Critical Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd
Publication of GB2115065A publication Critical patent/GB2115065A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2115065B publication Critical patent/GB2115065B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/046—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with thermally-insulating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

In a diesel engine a combustion chamber 27 is formed in a piston 4 and receives fuel from an injection nozzle 13 mounted on a stepped seating 20 with heat insulation material 25 and a deformable support 26 interposed. A portion 31 of the combustion chamber wall is hemi-spherical and the combustion chamber is positioned close to one side of the piston 4. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Open combustion chamber type diesel engine This invention relates to an open combustion chamber type diesel engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, a combustion chamber formed in the head of the piston, and a cylinder head having a fuel injection nozzle arranged to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle directly into the combustion chamber in order to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine.
In diesel engines of this type, the fuel injection nozzle is exposed to the direct action of the combustion which takes place in the combustion chamber and in the cylinder, which can be disadvantageous.
Accordingly, the invention has been developed with a view to reducing the harmful effects of the application of heat to the fuel injection nozzle during the combustion phase.
According to the invention there is provided an open combustion chamber type diesel engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, a combustion chamber formed in the head of the piston, and a cylinder head having a fuel injection nozzle mounted therein so as to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle directly into the combustion chamber so as to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine, in which:: the fuel injection nozzle comprises a cylindrical casing from which the tip projects, with a stepped annular shoulder defined therebetween; a nozzle opening formed in the cylinder head has a stepped annular seating defined between portions corresponding to the casing and to the tip of the fuel injection nozzle, the seating co-operating with the stepped annular shoulder in order to mount the nozzle in the nozzle opening; and heat insulation material is arranged on the stepped seating, and a deformable support is arranged between the stepped shoulder of the nozzle and the heat insulation material in order to control the position of the tip of the nozzle and to maintain the location of the heat insulation material on the stepped seating.
One Embodiment of open combustion chamber type diesel engine according to the invention will now be described in detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper end of the engine cylinder block.
Referring now to the drawing there is shown an open combustion chamber type diesel engine which comprises one or more cylinders formed in a cylinder block land a cylinder head 2 fixed to the cylinder block 1. A piston 4 reciprocates in each cylinder and has a combustion chamber 27 formed in the head of the piston. The cylinder head 2 has a fuel injection nozzle 13 mounted in a fuel injection opening 11,20,21 so as to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle 13 directly into the combustion chamber 27 so as to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine.
In orderto prevent undue heating of the fuel injection nozzle 13, arising from the combustion phase of the engine, the nozzle 13 is mounted in the cylinder head 2 via heat insulation material, in a manner which will now be described in more detail.
The fuel injection nozzle 13 comprises a cylindrical casing 22 from which the tip of the nozzle projects, with a stepped annular shoulder defined therebetween. The nozzle opening formed in the cylinder head 2 has a stepped annular seating 20 defined between portions 21 and 11 corresponding to the casing 22 and to the tip respectively of the fuel injection nozzle 13. The seating 20 co-operates with the stepped annular shoulder in order to mount the nozzle in the nozzle opening.
Heat insulation material 25 is arranged on the stepped seating 20, and a deformable support 26 is arranged between the stepped shoulder of the nozzle and the heat insulation material 25 in order to control the position of the tip of the nozzle 13 and to maintain the location of the heat insulation material 25 on the stepped seating 20.
The heat insulation material 25 takes the form of, for example, a ring of silicone rubber, and the deformable support 26 comprises an annular member which has the same diameter as the portion 21 of the nozzle opening which receives the cylindrical valve case 22 and which is positioned between end surface 23 of casing 22 and the ring of heat insulating material 25. The deformable support 26 is able to deform by a small amount, and serves to prevent the heat insulating material 25 from entering the gap between the valve casing 22 and the portion 21 of the nozzle opening, or into any one of longitudinal recesses 24 provided in the surface of the casing 22 for clamping purposes.
As indicated above, the deformable support 26 makes it possible to set the tip of the fuel injection nozzle at any predetermined position. It is preferred that the deformable support 26 is formed in an annular shape using a material which is able to deform by a small amount, such as a metal, a heat-resistant resin and so forth. Heat insulating material 19 is also arranged in the nozzle opening 11 so as to be packed around the tip of the fuel injection nozzle 13.
As indicated above, the fuel injection nozzle 13 is arranged to spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber 27, formed in the head of the system 4. The combustion chamber 27 is divided into two parts by a rod-like protuberance 28 which is formed at the centre of the bottom of the chamber 27. To one side of the protuberance 28, the bottom portion 31 of the circumferential wall 30 of the combustion chamber is formed into a hemi-spherical shape. Also, it should be noted that the combustion chamber 27 is positioned close to one side of the piston 4, so that the head 29 of the protuberance 28 is located on the axis of the fuel injection nozzle 13. The arrangement of the combustion chamber with respect to the nozzle 13, as shown in the drawing, enables uniform mixing of the fuel with the vortex flow of the air inside the combustion chamber.
1. An open combustion chamber type diesel
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (6)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Open combustion chamber type diesel engine This invention relates to an open combustion chamber type diesel engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, a combustion chamber formed in the head of the piston, and a cylinder head having a fuel injection nozzle arranged to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle directly into the combustion chamber in order to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine. In diesel engines of this type, the fuel injection nozzle is exposed to the direct action of the combustion which takes place in the combustion chamber and in the cylinder, which can be disadvantageous. Accordingly, the invention has been developed with a view to reducing the harmful effects of the application of heat to the fuel injection nozzle during the combustion phase. According to the invention there is provided an open combustion chamber type diesel engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, a combustion chamber formed in the head of the piston, and a cylinder head having a fuel injection nozzle mounted therein so as to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle directly into the combustion chamber so as to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine, in which:: the fuel injection nozzle comprises a cylindrical casing from which the tip projects, with a stepped annular shoulder defined therebetween; a nozzle opening formed in the cylinder head has a stepped annular seating defined between portions corresponding to the casing and to the tip of the fuel injection nozzle, the seating co-operating with the stepped annular shoulder in order to mount the nozzle in the nozzle opening; and heat insulation material is arranged on the stepped seating, and a deformable support is arranged between the stepped shoulder of the nozzle and the heat insulation material in order to control the position of the tip of the nozzle and to maintain the location of the heat insulation material on the stepped seating. One Embodiment of open combustion chamber type diesel engine according to the invention will now be described in detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper end of the engine cylinder block. Referring now to the drawing there is shown an open combustion chamber type diesel engine which comprises one or more cylinders formed in a cylinder block land a cylinder head 2 fixed to the cylinder block 1. A piston 4 reciprocates in each cylinder and has a combustion chamber 27 formed in the head of the piston. The cylinder head 2 has a fuel injection nozzle 13 mounted in a fuel injection opening 11,20,21 so as to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle 13 directly into the combustion chamber 27 so as to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine. In orderto prevent undue heating of the fuel injection nozzle 13, arising from the combustion phase of the engine, the nozzle 13 is mounted in the cylinder head 2 via heat insulation material, in a manner which will now be described in more detail. The fuel injection nozzle 13 comprises a cylindrical casing 22 from which the tip of the nozzle projects, with a stepped annular shoulder defined therebetween. The nozzle opening formed in the cylinder head 2 has a stepped annular seating 20 defined between portions 21 and 11 corresponding to the casing 22 and to the tip respectively of the fuel injection nozzle 13. The seating 20 co-operates with the stepped annular shoulder in order to mount the nozzle in the nozzle opening. Heat insulation material 25 is arranged on the stepped seating 20, and a deformable support 26 is arranged between the stepped shoulder of the nozzle and the heat insulation material 25 in order to control the position of the tip of the nozzle 13 and to maintain the location of the heat insulation material 25 on the stepped seating 20. The heat insulation material 25 takes the form of, for example, a ring of silicone rubber, and the deformable support 26 comprises an annular member which has the same diameter as the portion 21 of the nozzle opening which receives the cylindrical valve case 22 and which is positioned between end surface 23 of casing 22 and the ring of heat insulating material 25. The deformable support 26 is able to deform by a small amount, and serves to prevent the heat insulating material 25 from entering the gap between the valve casing 22 and the portion 21 of the nozzle opening, or into any one of longitudinal recesses 24 provided in the surface of the casing 22 for clamping purposes. As indicated above, the deformable support 26 makes it possible to set the tip of the fuel injection nozzle at any predetermined position. It is preferred that the deformable support 26 is formed in an annular shape using a material which is able to deform by a small amount, such as a metal, a heat-resistant resin and so forth. Heat insulating material 19 is also arranged in the nozzle opening 11 so as to be packed around the tip of the fuel injection nozzle 13. As indicated above, the fuel injection nozzle 13 is arranged to spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber 27, formed in the head of the system 4. The combustion chamber 27 is divided into two parts by a rod-like protuberance 28 which is formed at the centre of the bottom of the chamber 27. To one side of the protuberance 28, the bottom portion 31 of the circumferential wall 30 of the combustion chamber is formed into a hemi-spherical shape. Also, it should be noted that the combustion chamber 27 is positioned close to one side of the piston 4, so that the head 29 of the protuberance 28 is located on the axis of the fuel injection nozzle 13. The arrangement of the combustion chamber with respect to the nozzle 13, as shown in the drawing, enables uniform mixing of the fuel with the vortex flow of the air inside the combustion chamber. CLAIMS
1. An open combustion chamber type diesel engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, a combustion chamber formed in the head of the piston, and a cylinder head having a fuel injection nozzle mounted therein so as to spray fuel from the tip of the nozzle directly into the combustion chamber so as to initiate the combustion stroke of the engine, in which:: the fuel injection nozzle comprises a cylindrical casing from which the tip projects, with a stepped annular shoulder defined therebetween; a nozzle opening formed in the cylinder head has a stepped annular seating defined between portions corresponding to the casing and to the tip of the fuel injection nozzle, the seating co-operating with the stepped annular shoulder in orderto mount the nozzle in the nozzle opening; and heat insulation material is arranged on the stepped seating, and a deformable support is arranged between the stepped shoulder of the nozzle and the heat insulation material in order to control the position of the tip of the nozzle and to maintain the location of the heat insulation material on the stepped seating.
2. A diesel engine according to claim 1, in which the deformable support takes the form of a washer.
3. A diesel engine according to claim 1 or 2, including heat insulation material arranged in the nozzle opening and around the tip of the nozzle.
4. A diesel engine according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the combustion chamber in the head of the piston has a rod-like protuberance arranged so that the head of the protuberance is located on the axis of the fuel injection nozzle.
5. A diesel engine according to claim 4, in which a part of the combustion chamber located to one side of the protuberance is hemi-spherical in shape.
6. A diesel engine according to claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
GB08228383A 1979-06-05 1982-10-05 Open combustion chamber type diesel engine Expired GB2115065B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1979076055U JPS55176435U (en) 1979-06-05 1979-06-05
GB8018301A GB2053347B (en) 1979-06-05 1980-06-04 Diesel engine with auxiliary combustion chamber

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2115065A true GB2115065A (en) 1983-09-01
GB2115065B GB2115065B (en) 1984-02-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08228383A Expired GB2115065B (en) 1979-06-05 1982-10-05 Open combustion chamber type diesel engine

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GB (1) GB2115065B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1223337A1 (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-17 Ford Global Technologies, Inc., A subsidiary of Ford Motor Company Noise-reducing arrangement of washers under an injection nozzle
WO2016082982A1 (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Direct injection gas injector with an elastomer seal

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1223337A1 (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-17 Ford Global Technologies, Inc., A subsidiary of Ford Motor Company Noise-reducing arrangement of washers under an injection nozzle
WO2016082982A1 (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Direct injection gas injector with an elastomer seal
US11162459B2 (en) 2014-11-28 2021-11-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Direct injection gas injector with an elastomer seal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2115065B (en) 1984-02-15

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Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Free format text: 5060,PAGE 3718

PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980604