GB2111654A - Inertia motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An inertia motor which transforms rotating energy potential into a steady unidirectional energy potential that can be used directly for translational, propulsive or static applications consists basically of a system of masses constrained to rotate about a fixed point such that their resultant centre of mass remains displaced in a fixed position and direction relative to the centre of input rotation at all times. These conditions are satisfied by a multiple arrangement of co-planar slider-crank mechanisms disposed at regular angular intervals of 2 pi /N radians where n = the number of masses each of which is carried at the slider end of a connecting rod. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION 1.0 The Orbital Inertial Force Generator 1.1 INTRODUCTION It is a well known principle of Particle Dynamics that when a particle moves in a circular orbit, it exerts a centrifugal force at the centre of its orbit. For a given angular velocity, the magnitude of the force generated, F, at the centre is given by the expression, F = m r w e##....... (i) where m = magnitude of mass of the particle, r = radial displacement of particle from the centre of orbit, w = angular velocity of rotation, 8 = the instantaneous angular disposition of the particle relative to a reference line passing through the centre of rotation, and e = the natural logarithm base.

The expression, ##, represents the unit vector in the direction of 8 and its presence in equation (i) indicates thatthe force generated is always directed in the direction of 0, since 8 is continuously changing, the generated force is also continuously changing in direction. This force is, for example the basic cause of vibration in rotating machines and although it represents an externally useful source of energy, its application has been seriously limited as a result of its rotating nature and is practically useless for translational or propulsive uses.

The mechanism described in this specification, namely the Orbital Inertial Force Generator, has been invented by me to transform this rotating energy potential into a steady unidirectional energy potential that can be used directly for translational, propulsive or static applications. It does not require a medium for its operation, neither does it require any transmission coupling in the form of gearing, belting, pulleys ete for translational applications other than simple fastening ofthe mechanism onto the body to be moved. In general terms, the Orbital Inertial Force Generator represents a universal mechanical potential generator capable of being used for propulsion of vehicles on land, sea, submarine, air, vacuum and space.

1.2 THE MECHANISM OF THE ORBITAL INERTIAL FORCE GENERA TOR The Orbital Inertial Force Generator basically consists of a system of particular masses arranged in such a manner that the position of their resultant centre of mass remains fixed regardless of their relative positions during rotational motion about a fixed point. Furthermore, the centre of mass of the system of particles remains displaced from the centre of the input rotation.

The above criteria are satisfied by a multiple arrangement of N coplanar slider-crank mechanism (where N represents the number of such slider-crank mechanisms) with the particles carried on the sliding end of the connecting rods, and arranged in such a way that the centrelines of the slider links are disposed at regular angular intervals of 2#/N radians, provided N is equal or greater than 3. All the connecting rods are carried on one crank pin. The crank is fixed in position while all the slider links which form a rigid configuration are made to rotate about the point of intersection of their centrelines.

Mathemetical analysis shows that the resulting gen eratedforce is then given bytheformula F = 0.5(m - (2-k)m) a wt (ii) where m = mass of each particle, mc = mass of each connecting rod, a = crank length, w = angular velocity of slider assembly, and, k = the frational distance of the centre of mass of each connecting rod from the crank pin end relative to the total length of the connecting rod The generated force given by equation (ii) is of a constant magnitude for any given angular velocity and its direction remains fixed in the direction of the crank at all times.Further detailed mathematics reveals that the generated force arises from the Coriolis forces or side thrusts acting between the slider surfaces and the particles giving rise to a resultant force whose line of action passes through the centre of rotation ofthe slider configuration.

For illustration, the schematic diagram of a four slider crank is shown in fig. 1 and represents a the basic layout of a four-mass Orbital Inertial Force Generator. In this diagram, 0 is the centre of rotation of the rigid slider assembly while A is the crank-pin.

The points, B, C, D, and E correspond to the sliding ends of the connecting rods and it is here that masses or inertial particles are carried. Since N is equal to four for this figure, the centrelines of the slider links are disposed at right angles (#/2).

It should be noted that if the masses of the connecting rods are negligible, equation (ii) reduces to F = 0.5 N m awt (iii) Equation (iii) represents the net force generated by the inertial effects of the particles only.

1.3 MATHEMATICAL CONSIDERATIONS Consider a random set of N particles of mass, m, each and let R1 be the displacement vector of the jth particle from a given point. The displacement of the centre of mass, Rcrn, of the given set of particles is given by the formula Rcm = (SmR) (m)1 (iv) forj=1,2,3 ....

If all the particles are moving about the given point with the same angular velocity, w, then the resultant centrifugal force at the origin due to the system of particles is given by F = (8m)j Rcm w....... (v) Substituting for Rcm from (iv), we get F = (#m)j.((#m R)j/(#m)j) w ...

which simplifies to F = (#m R)jw (vi) Let us now apply the above result to the force generator configuration with N masses as illustrated in fig. 2. In this diagram, 0 is the fixed point of rotation while A represents the crankpin. Since the mass of each particle of the force generator is the same, (= m), then m is a constant and may be factored out of equation (vi) giving F = m wt (ER)j (vii) The unique property of the Orbital Inertial Force Generator is that (SR)j is constant and is given by (XR)j = 0.5 N a (viii) where a is the length of crank 0A. Furthermore, this vector sum is always directed towards the crankpin, A from the origin, 0.Hence the result follows, viz; F = 0.5 N m a # (ix) This equation is the fundamental principle of operation of the Orbital Inertial Force Generator.

Equation (ix) above, however, does not take into account the inertial contributions of the masses of the connecting rods. Using the definitions given earlier in section 1.2 relating to the connecting rods, it can also be shown mathematically that a steady resultant force is also generated by the inertial action of the connecting rods and this force is given by F = N a mc (1-0.5k) (x) This force is also directed along the crank length and can therefore be added directly to the force generated by the particles to give the total generated force stated earlier in equation (ii), thus F = 0.5 (m - (2-k)mc) a wo (xi) 1.4 FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN SYNTHESIS The following may be identified as the most critical functional design criteria for the Orbital Inertial Force Generator:: (a) The number of inertial particles must be equal or greaterthan three and all particles must be equal in mass.

(b) All connecting rods must be identical i.e. they must be equal in length, mass, position of centre of mass etc.

(c) The centre of masses of all the particles and the connecting rods must be coplanar, and (d) The Centrelines of all the slider links must be regularly spaced.

The principal parts of a practical Orbital Inertial Force Generator may be identified as follows; (i) The Inertial Particles (ii) Connecting Rods (iii) Rotor (iv) Crankshaft (v) Input Shaft (vi) Casing.

1.4.1 Inertial Particles These are the masses which are carried on the sliding ends of the connecting rods and they slide to and fro in the rotor slots as the rotor rotates. All the particles have identical masses. Ideally, the particles should be made from strong and high intensity material to increase inertial effect and provide strength to withstand stresses induced by centrifugal forces.

1.4.2 Rotor The rotor corresponds to the rigid configuration of the slider link members and is in effect a frame which carries the slots radiating from the centre of rotation and distributed at regular angular intervals of 27r/N radians for a generator with N particles. It is necessary to make the rotor symmetrical to ensure its dynamic balance in rotation. The generated out purforce is transmitted to the input shaft bearings through the rotor and it must therefore be designed to withstand the stresses associated therewith.

1.4.3 Crankshaft The crankshaft has only one crankpin which carries all the connecting rods. Since the generated force always points in the direction of the crank, the crank may be designed so that its direction and length can be varied as required thus affording a convenient means of controlling both the magnitude and direction of the output force, without having to vary the speed of rotation. Mathematical analysis of the dynamic forces acting on the crankpin shows that the forces are always in equilibrium and therefore no external effort is required to control the crankshaft otherthan that required to overcome its inertia and friction. The crankshaft is carried on the casing.

1 AA Connecting Rods It has been shown in section 1.3 that the inertia of the connecting rods also contributes to the generated force. Therefore, it would be of advantage to make the connecting rods as robust as practicable in order to withstand induced dynamic stresses as well as contribute substantially to the generated output force.

1.4.5 Input Shaft The input shaft is the means by which rotary motion is imparted unto the rotor of the generator.

The source of power for driving the generator may be any rotating machinery such as internal combustion engines, electric motors, steam engines, turbines etc. The force generator may be built as a unit by itself or may be integrally coupled to any rotary power source just in the same manner as pumps and electric generators are made. Indeed, the force generator mechanism can perform the function of a flywheet in an internal combustion engine.

1.4.6 Casing Both the crankshaft and the input shaft are carried on the casing. The casing forms the medium through which the generated force is transmitted via the rotor and input shaft to be used externally. The casing must therefore be designed to withstand the generated forces. The casing is simply bolted or fastened rigidly to the external body required to be moved or controlled. The casing also may be formed as an enclosure to proteet all rotating parts of the generator, and may also be fashioned with a reservoir for holding lubricating fluids which will necessarily be required to lubricate copiously all sliding and rotating surfaces.

1.5 APPLICATIONS The Orbital Inertial Force Genertor represents a novel and versatile source of translational potential energy. Its uses may be summarised as follows: (a) Levitation of masses against the force of gravity. In this wise, the Orbital Inertial Force Generator may be described as an "anti-gravity machine" which is in effect a potentential generator capable of countering the effect of gravity. This machine can, therefore, be used to levitate, hover or lift masses in a gravitational field.

(b) Propulsion of land, sea, submarine, air and space vehicles.

(c) Steering, braking and general controlling of land, sea, submarine, air and space vehicles.

(d) Provision of translational or linear potential power for industrial, commercial and domestic machinery and gadgets.

(e) Any other application requiring direct linear or translational mechanical force.

Claims (1)

1.6 CLAIMS

My claims are as follows: (a) I claim the invention of the Orbital Inertial Force Generator (hereinafter referred to as "the machine"). This machine generates a unidirected translational mechanical energy or force. It accomplishes this be converting the rotational kinetic energy (input) of a system of particles or inertial masses into a unidirectional tranlational potential energy. The potential energy is generated because the centre of mass of the system of particles rotating in the machine remains displaced in a fixed position and direction relative to the centre of the input rotation at all times.

(b) I also claim the application of the machine referred to in (a) above to provider (i) propulsive force for land, sea, submarine, air and space vehicles and crafts.

(ii) the potential force for steering, braking, manipulation or otherwise controlling the movement of any land, sea, submarine, air and space vehicles or crafts.

(iii) the levitation, lifting, hauling or moving of objects whether or not against the force of gravity or any opposing force of any kind.

tiV) the motive or controlling power for industrial, commercial or domestic plants, equipment and contraptions of any kind.