GB2102165A - Method of controlling an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method of controlling an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2102165A
GB2102165A GB08219073A GB8219073A GB2102165A GB 2102165 A GB2102165 A GB 2102165A GB 08219073 A GB08219073 A GB 08219073A GB 8219073 A GB8219073 A GB 8219073A GB 2102165 A GB2102165 A GB 2102165A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
combustion
actual
internal combustion
combustion chamber
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08219073A
Other versions
GB2102165B (en
Inventor
Dusan Gruden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of GB2102165A publication Critical patent/GB2102165A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2102165B publication Critical patent/GB2102165B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/1455Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means by using a second control of the closed loop type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The optimum values of combustion chamber pressure of engine 1 are experimentally determined as a function of the crankshaft angle and are stored as set values in the memory of an electronic control unit (3). The actual pressure in the combustion chamber is continually measured by sensor 2 and fed to the control unit (3) where it is compared with the set value. Deviations between the actual and set values are rectified by modifying the air/fuel mixture (4) or ignition timing (5) of the internal combustion engine. Other characteristics of the combustion process may be used instead of pressure. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Method of controlling the combustion sequence in internal combustion engines The invention concerns a method of controlling the combustion sequence in internal combustion engines, especially Otto cycle engines.
In the combustion process in internalcombustion engines which is reflected, for example, in the variation of the combustion chamber pressure as a function of the crankshaft angle (Figure 1), three phases can be distinguished. In the initial phase of combustion approximately between 400 to 200 before top dead centre (TDC) a turbulent flame core forms in the proximity of the spark plug. In order for this phase, referred to as ignition delay, to be able to move into the second phase, called the main phase, the flame core must reach the dimensions of the turbulent flame region. In the main phase occurs the expansion of the turbulent flame through the combustion chamber, which results in combustion of the main portion of the combustible mixture.The final phase of the combustion, from approximately 100 after top dead centre (TDC), consists of post-combustion of the mixture behind the flame front. The duration and development of the individual phases depend on the ignition conditions, mixture composition, turbulence intensity, pressure, temperature and chemical characteristics of the fuel.
These three phases of mixture combustion reoccur in each operating cycle. The successive combustion sequences, which at any given time can be recorded by a pressure-crankshaft angleindicator diagram, exhibit considerable variations under constant operating conditions. The nonuniformity of the operating cycles reduces the indicated effective mean pressure and thus the efficiency of the internal-combustion engine, particularly when it is operated in an excess air range (amount of air actually required exceeds theoretical amount to burn fuel). In addition, because of these cyclic variations, the emission of the legally restricted quantities of the exhaust components NO, HC and CO increases.
Based on these physical facts, the purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engines and to reduce the harmful exhaust emissions by eliminating cyclic variations in the combustion sequence.
The present invention consists in a method of controlling the combustion sequence in an internal combustion engine, wherein the optimum values of the combustion characteristic (of the combustion chamber pressure) are determined as functions of the crankshaft angle and are stored in an electronic control unit, the actual combustion characteristic in the combustion chamber being continually measured and compared with the set values stored in the control unit and the deviations between the actual and set values are rectified by intervening into the formation of the mixture and/or the ignition system of the internal combustion engine.
By regulation according to this invention, on the one hand, successive combustion sequences will be made comparable and, on the other, adjustment to the experimentally determined and stored optimum values will be accomplished. The controlled variable is preferably the combustion chamber pressure, the variation of which, when at variance with the electronically stored set value, is adjusted as a function of the crankshaft angle by altering the mixture composition or ignition timing point. For each operating phase of the performance characteristics, from the idling speed to the maximum output, the optimum set value curves are recorded and stored in the electronic control unit.
In the accompanying drawings:- Fig. 1 is a graph showing cylinder pressure/crank angle relationship of an internal combustion engine, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the control circuit for carrying out the present invehtion.
Referring to Fig. 2, in the internal combustion engine 1 the actual combustion chamber pressure is continually determined by an indicator device 2 and, as an actual value signal, it is sent to an electronic control unit 3 which contains optimum curve traces of the combustion chamber pressure as the set value. When a deviation between the actual and the set value occurs, an adjustment signal is sent to a mixing device 4 and/or to the ignition system 5 of the engine 1, which are appropriately adjusted and thus the combustion chamber pressure is adjusted to the proper set value.
In this way in Otto cycle engines an increase in specific work or output of approximately 6% can be reached which means at the same time an improvement in actual efficiency. In the excess air range, the NO emission can be reduced by 30% to 50%. These advantages far outweigh the additional costs of the control unit and guarantee an extraordinarily economical operation of an Otto cycle engine which is equipped with this unit.
1. A method of controlling the combustion sequence in an internal combustion engine, wherein the optimum values of the combustion characteristic (of the combustion chamber pressure) are determined as functions of the crankshaft angle and are stored in an electronic control unit, the actual combustion characteristic in the combustion chamber being continually measured and compared with the set values stored in the control unit and the deviations between the actual and set values are rectified by intervening into the formation of the mixture
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (2)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Method of controlling the combustion sequence in internal combustion engines The invention concerns a method of controlling the combustion sequence in internal combustion engines, especially Otto cycle engines. In the combustion process in internalcombustion engines which is reflected, for example, in the variation of the combustion chamber pressure as a function of the crankshaft angle (Figure 1), three phases can be distinguished. In the initial phase of combustion approximately between 400 to 200 before top dead centre (TDC) a turbulent flame core forms in the proximity of the spark plug. In order for this phase, referred to as ignition delay, to be able to move into the second phase, called the main phase, the flame core must reach the dimensions of the turbulent flame region. In the main phase occurs the expansion of the turbulent flame through the combustion chamber, which results in combustion of the main portion of the combustible mixture.The final phase of the combustion, from approximately 100 after top dead centre (TDC), consists of post-combustion of the mixture behind the flame front. The duration and development of the individual phases depend on the ignition conditions, mixture composition, turbulence intensity, pressure, temperature and chemical characteristics of the fuel. These three phases of mixture combustion reoccur in each operating cycle. The successive combustion sequences, which at any given time can be recorded by a pressure-crankshaft angleindicator diagram, exhibit considerable variations under constant operating conditions. The nonuniformity of the operating cycles reduces the indicated effective mean pressure and thus the efficiency of the internal-combustion engine, particularly when it is operated in an excess air range (amount of air actually required exceeds theoretical amount to burn fuel). In addition, because of these cyclic variations, the emission of the legally restricted quantities of the exhaust components NO, HC and CO increases. Based on these physical facts, the purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engines and to reduce the harmful exhaust emissions by eliminating cyclic variations in the combustion sequence. The present invention consists in a method of controlling the combustion sequence in an internal combustion engine, wherein the optimum values of the combustion characteristic (of the combustion chamber pressure) are determined as functions of the crankshaft angle and are stored in an electronic control unit, the actual combustion characteristic in the combustion chamber being continually measured and compared with the set values stored in the control unit and the deviations between the actual and set values are rectified by intervening into the formation of the mixture and/or the ignition system of the internal combustion engine. By regulation according to this invention, on the one hand, successive combustion sequences will be made comparable and, on the other, adjustment to the experimentally determined and stored optimum values will be accomplished. The controlled variable is preferably the combustion chamber pressure, the variation of which, when at variance with the electronically stored set value, is adjusted as a function of the crankshaft angle by altering the mixture composition or ignition timing point. For each operating phase of the performance characteristics, from the idling speed to the maximum output, the optimum set value curves are recorded and stored in the electronic control unit. In the accompanying drawings:- Fig. 1 is a graph showing cylinder pressure/crank angle relationship of an internal combustion engine, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the control circuit for carrying out the present invehtion. Referring to Fig. 2, in the internal combustion engine 1 the actual combustion chamber pressure is continually determined by an indicator device 2 and, as an actual value signal, it is sent to an electronic control unit 3 which contains optimum curve traces of the combustion chamber pressure as the set value. When a deviation between the actual and the set value occurs, an adjustment signal is sent to a mixing device 4 and/or to the ignition system 5 of the engine 1, which are appropriately adjusted and thus the combustion chamber pressure is adjusted to the proper set value. In this way in Otto cycle engines an increase in specific work or output of approximately 6% can be reached which means at the same time an improvement in actual efficiency. In the excess air range, the NO emission can be reduced by 30% to 50%. These advantages far outweigh the additional costs of the control unit and guarantee an extraordinarily economical operation of an Otto cycle engine which is equipped with this unit. CLAIMS
1. A method of controlling the combustion sequence in an internal combustion engine, wherein the optimum values of the combustion characteristic (of the combustion chamber pressure) are determined as functions of the crankshaft angle and are stored in an electronic control unit, the actual combustion characteristic in the combustion chamber being continually measured and compared with the set values stored in the control unit and the deviations between the actual and set values are rectified by intervening into the formation of the mixture and/orthe ignition system of the internal combustion engine.
2. A method of controlling the combustion sequence in an internal combustion engine substantially as descrbed with reference to Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
GB08219073A 1981-07-17 1982-07-01 Method of controlling an internal combustion engine Expired GB2102165B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813128245 DE3128245A1 (en) 1981-07-17 1981-07-17 "METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE COMBUSTION PROCESS IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES"

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2102165A true GB2102165A (en) 1983-01-26
GB2102165B GB2102165B (en) 1985-07-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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GB08219073A Expired GB2102165B (en) 1981-07-17 1982-07-01 Method of controlling an internal combustion engine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5825547A (en)
DE (1) DE3128245A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2509797B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2102165B (en)
IT (1) IT1190855B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0142101A2 (en) * 1983-11-04 1985-05-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Automotive engine control system capable of detecting specific engine operating conditions and projecting subsequent engine operating patterns
GB2149535A (en) * 1983-11-02 1985-06-12 Epicam Limited Internal combustion engine fuel supply and tuning
EP0170018A2 (en) * 1984-08-03 1986-02-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process and apparatus for the self-testing of control levers
EP0115807A3 (en) * 1983-01-26 1986-03-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Method for discriminating motor/combustion pressures in an i.c.e. combustion chamber
EP0203617A2 (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-03 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition timing control system for internal combustion engine
US4760825A (en) * 1984-08-03 1988-08-02 Nissan Motor Company, Limited System for controlling an engine and method therefor
GB2205663A (en) * 1986-12-01 1988-12-14 Ford Motor Co Adaptive lean limit air fuel control using combustion pressure sensor feedback
EP0851107A2 (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-07-01 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Cylinder pressure based air-fuel ratio and engine control

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3641854A1 (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-09 Bundesrep Deutschland Method for compensating for the influence of different grades of fuel on the operating performance of a diesel engine
DE19520605C1 (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-05-23 Daimler Benz Ag Set-point control of combustion sequence in Otto-cycle IC engine
DE102006023473B3 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-05-03 Siemens Ag Internal combustion engine operating method for motor vehicle, involves adapting control variable for controlling unit to given sequence of combustion for adjusting sequence of combustion in reference cylinder
DE102007013119A1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Injection method and associated internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3957023A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-05-18 Peterson M Maurice Pressure responsive engine ignition control system
JPS6011216B2 (en) * 1977-05-26 1985-03-23 株式会社デンソー Air fuel ratio control device
DE2939590A1 (en) * 1979-09-29 1981-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD FOR REGULATING THE COMPOSITION OF THE OPERATING MIXTURE SUPPLIED TO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0115807A3 (en) * 1983-01-26 1986-03-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Method for discriminating motor/combustion pressures in an i.c.e. combustion chamber
GB2149535A (en) * 1983-11-02 1985-06-12 Epicam Limited Internal combustion engine fuel supply and tuning
EP0142101A3 (en) * 1983-11-04 1987-08-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Automotive engine control system capable of detecting specific engine operating conditions and projecting subsequent engine operating patterns
EP0142101A2 (en) * 1983-11-04 1985-05-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Automotive engine control system capable of detecting specific engine operating conditions and projecting subsequent engine operating patterns
EP0170018A3 (en) * 1984-08-03 1988-03-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process and apparatus for the self-testing of control levers
EP0170018A2 (en) * 1984-08-03 1986-02-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process and apparatus for the self-testing of control levers
US4760825A (en) * 1984-08-03 1988-08-02 Nissan Motor Company, Limited System for controlling an engine and method therefor
EP0203617A3 (en) * 1985-05-30 1987-09-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition timing control system for internal combustion engine
EP0203617A2 (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-03 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition timing control system for internal combustion engine
GB2205663A (en) * 1986-12-01 1988-12-14 Ford Motor Co Adaptive lean limit air fuel control using combustion pressure sensor feedback
GB2205663B (en) * 1986-12-01 1990-11-28 Ford Motor Co Adaptive lean limit air fuel control using combustion pressure sensor feedback
EP0851107A2 (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-07-01 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Cylinder pressure based air-fuel ratio and engine control
EP0851107A3 (en) * 1996-12-27 2000-01-12 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Cylinder pressure based air-fuel ratio and engine control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3128245A1 (en) 1983-01-27
JPS5825547A (en) 1983-02-15
IT8221733A0 (en) 1982-06-07
IT1190855B (en) 1988-02-24
FR2509797B1 (en) 1987-05-29
FR2509797A1 (en) 1983-01-21
GB2102165B (en) 1985-07-24

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
746 Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee