GB2098256A - Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support - Google Patents
Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2098256A GB2098256A GB8213165A GB8213165A GB2098256A GB 2098256 A GB2098256 A GB 2098256A GB 8213165 A GB8213165 A GB 8213165A GB 8213165 A GB8213165 A GB 8213165A GB 2098256 A GB2098256 A GB 2098256A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- straps
- girder
- support
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/157—Laggings making use of fluid cushions, e.g. the fluid containing a hardenable material
Abstract
A support lining bag for filling the gap between a support girder and the roof or walls of an underground roadway is secured to the outer surface of the support girder 3 by at least one pair of straps 6 which straps are attached to the bag and hang down the two sides of the girder and have a rigid bar passing through holes 7 in them at the other end, with the bar being located under the girder. Particularly advantageous results are obtainable by positioning at least one pair of straps 5 over the bag, to limit expansion of the bag until they break at a pre-set tension; their breakage provides an indication of the attainment of a particular pressure within the bag when it is being filled with cementaceous grout, and also controls the manner in which the grout enters the bag. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support
The present invention relates to a support lining bag and to a method of securing the bag to a support, particularly for use with underground roadways supports.
In mining and other excavation work the roofs and sides of underground roadways for the passage of men and materials are usually supported at intervals of typically 500-1000 mm by supports constructed from H-section steel girders. These supports are commonly either in the shape of arches or horizontal girders on vertical side props, depending on the form of the tunnel roof. If the supports are in close contact with the strata to be supported over their whole load bearing surface then they can carry a much greater load without bending and becoming distorted than if there is only point contact but it is difficult to extract material when forming the tunnel to precise enough limits to ensure such full contact.A support lining bag is therefore disposed between the support and the tunnel roof/wall which when filled at a moderate pressure with a cementaceous grout fills any gaps and so provides the required close contact.
However, when using these support lining bags it has been found that they are liable to fall off the relatively narrow girders of the support during the filling and even when they do remain in place, they often fill unevenly causing the bag to overlap the girder more on one side than the other. Tying the bag onto the girders does not itself deal with the problem.
In our U.K. Patent Application No.8114223 filed on 8th May 1981, which is now incorporated herein, we describe a support lining bag securable to the outer surface of a support girder of
H-shaped section, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps disposed symmetrically on either side of a centre line of the bag, each strap having a hole through it so that when the bag is positioned on the outer surface of a correspondingly dimensioned support girder, the straps can lie on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder sufficient to allow a rigid bar to be passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag.
The bag when secured to a support girder by a rigid bar passed through the holes in its straps is prevented from falling off the girder or even sliding round it by the interaction of the bar and the lower surface of the girder. Thus the bag can be secured in a simple but effective manner.
We also describe in our Patent Application No.
8114223 a method of securing a support lining bag to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps symmetrically disposed on either side of a centre line of the bag, each strap having a hole through it, the bag is positioned on the outer surface of the support girder with the straps on either side of the girder and the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder, and a rigid bar of a diameter substantially equal to the predetermined distance is passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag.
In the above described bag and method, the straps are located between the bag and the girder, i.e. under the bag.
It has been found when using the above described bag that it is difficult to control the final pressure of cementaceous grout in the bag. This could result in rupturing of the bag under excess pressure or in inadequate support if the pressure is not sufficient.
In our U.K. Patent Application No. 8121 534, which is also incorporated herein, we describe a support lining bag securable to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps disposed on either side of a central plane along the bag, each strap having a hole through it so that when the bag is positioned on the outer surface of a correspondingly dimensioned support girder with at least one pair of the straps lying over the bag, the straps can lie on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder sufficient to allow a rigid bar to be passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag, and the straps which lie over the bag limit expansion of the bag and are arranged to break at a pre-set tension.
The pre-set tension at which the straps lying over the bag break indicates to the operator that a particular pressure of cementaceous grout has been reached, allowing better control of the final pressure.
Preferably, the bag has a plurality of outer and inner pairs of straps disposed on opposite sides of the bag so that when on the girder the inner straps abut against the outer surface of the girder and the outer straps lie over the bag.
Advantageously, the bag has a plurality of pairs of straps which lie over the bag, these pairs of straps having differing tensile strengths so that they break at different pre-set tensions. The differing tensile strengths may be provided by using straps of differing widths.
Also discussed in our U.K. Patent Specification
No. 8121 534 is a method of securing a support lining bag to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps symmetrically disposed on either side of a central plane along the bag, each strap having a hole through it, the bag is positioned on the outer surface of the support girder with at least one pair of the straps lying over the bag and the straps positioned on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder, and a rigid bar of a diameter substantially equal to the predetermined distance is passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag, the straps lying over the bag limiting expansion of the bag and being arranged to break at a pre-set tension.
The present invention relates to the support lining bags and methods described above.
A support lining bag and a method of securing it to a support girder will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a section through an underground roadway with an arched support and support
lining bag, and
FIGURES 2 and 3 show an enlarged section
taken on the line Il-Il of Figure 1 before and after filling of the bag.
Referring particularly to Figure 1, a
conventional underground roadway in a mine has
a floor 1 and an arched roof/wall 2. The roof/walls
are roughly shaped since they have been cut from
strata and at intervals of typically 500-1000 mm
along the roadway are arched supports 3. Each
support is made from curved H-section steel
girders bolted together and fits just inside the
roof/wall of the roadway with a narrow gap
between it and the roof/wall 2.
A long thin substantially waterproof support
lining bag 4 constructed according to the present
invention is secured to the support 3 and
positioned in the gap between the support and the
roof/wall 2. When it is secured in position, the bag
4 is filled at a moderate pressure with a
cementaceous grout so that it expands and
completely fills the gap. After the cement has set
hard the bag full of cement serves to spread the
load on the support 3 from the roadway roof/walls
2 over the whole load bearing surface of the
support. It also resists lateral movement of the
support due to its overlapping the support at each
side. When filled the bag is approximately
200 mm in diameter.
Attached to the outside of the bag 4 by welding
or sewing are pairs of outer straps 5 and inner
straps 6 spaced apart by approximately 1 m to
2 m along the bag. Each pair of straps is attached
symmetrically on either side of a central plane
along the bag, the outer straps 5 being on the
opposite side of the bag to the inner straps 6.
Adjacent the free end of each strap is a circular
hole 7 punched through the strap and fitted with
an eyelet. The holes are at a pre-set distance from
the bag so that when the empty bag is placed on
the outer surface of the support girder 3 and
centred on the girder with the inner straps
abutting the girder and the outer straps lying over the bag, the straps can lie on either side of the girder with the holes 7 extending a certain distance beyond the inner surface of the girder.
This is shown in Figure 2.
When the bag is in this position a dowel or bar 8 is threaded through each pair of opposed holes.
The bar has a diameter substantially equal to the distance the holes 7 extend beyond the girder so that when passed through the holes it engages with the inner surface of the girder and holds the straps tight.
The bag is then filled by pumping a liquid cementaceous grout into the bag. Any tendency of the bag to move around the girder during filling causes a dowel to pivot on the girder in a toggle action which increases the tension on one of the straps held by the dowel so as to oppose the movement of the bag. The outer straps 5 oppose movement of the outer side of the bag and the inner straps 6 oppose movement of the inner side of the bag so that together they hold the bag in its central position and the bag fills evenly to give substantially equal overlap on each side of the girder when full, as shown in Figure 3.
During filling, the outer straps 5 come under an increasing tension since they restrict expansion of the bag. At a tension determined by the design, materials and size of the straps 5 they will break, this breakage normally occurring at the point of maximum stress in the region around the eyelet.
This breaking tension is selected so that it corresponds to the optimum pressure of filling in the bag which is significantly less than the pressure which will rupture the bag. Thus, a visual indication is given to an operator that the bag has
been sufficiently filled.
The outer straps 5 also control filling of the bag with grout. Sometimes, when straps 5 are not
used, there is a tendency for the grout to fill one end of the bag before the other, with the result that the bag will become so heavy at one end that
it will tend to fall off the support. However, the outer straps 5 control the filling pattern, and ensure that both ends of the bag are filled
approximately evenly. This is especially important when the grout is pumped into the bag from a central region. The outer straps act as a restriction thus preventing one end or leg of the bag filling
before the other end or leg.
The pairs of outer straps 5 are spaced apart
along the bag sufficiently to allow the bag to
expand between the pairs of straps during filling
and to contact the roof 2 before the pressure
causes the straps 5 to break. This engagement
with the roof resists any sideways movement of
the bag when the restraining action of the straps 5
is lost by their breakage. With a small lining bag
the engagement with the roof may be sufficient to
enable the inner straps 6 to be dispensed with.
The above described bag and method of
securing it is particularly simple and effective and
does not require any modification of the support
girder. It may be used with girders of other than
H-section provided they have spaced parallel inner
and outer surfaces for the bag and the bar to
engage.
In a modification of the bag, the pairs of outer
straps 5 are of differing widths so that they have
differing breaking tensions. These then provide a
sequence of visual indications to an operator
showing the build up of pressure in the bag. By
having the straps lowermost on the support arch 3
breaking first and then the outer straps breaking in sequence up the arch, a simple method is provided to enable an operator to stop filling at any of a predetermined range of internal pressures.
The bag may also be used with the type of support in which a horizontal support girder rests on vertical end props, the bag filling the gap between the horizontal girder and the roof of the roadway.
The bag described above with reference to the drawings is provided both with inner straps 6 and outer straps 5. It will be appreciated, however, that this invention also extends to bags provided just with one or more pairs of inner straps, as disclosed in our U.K. Patent Specification No.
81 14223, or with just one or more pairs of outer straps, as suggested in our U.K. Patent
Specification No. 8121 534, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Claims (17)
1. A support lining bag securable to the outer surface of a support girder of H-shaped section, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps disposed symmetrically on either side of a centre line of the bag, each strap having a hole through it so that when the bag is positioned on the outer surface of a correspondingly/dimensioned support girder the straps can lie on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder sufficient to allow a rigid bar to be passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag.
2. A support lining bag according to claim 1 wherein the holes are punched through the straps adjacent their free ends and are fitted with eyelets.
3. A support lining bag according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the or each pair of straps are inner straps for location between the bag and support girder.
4. A support lining bag according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the or each pair of straps are outer straps for location over the bag.
5. A support lining bag according to any one of claims 1-4 wherein a plurality of outer and inner pairs of straps are disposed on opposite sides of the bag so that, when on the girder, the inner straps abut against the outer surface of the girder, and the outer straps lie over the bag.
6. A support lining bag according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the pairs of straps which lie over the bag have differing tensile strengths so that they break at different pre-set tensions.
7. A support lining bag according to claim 6 wherein the differing tensile strengths are provided by using straps of differing widths.
8. A method of securing a support lining bag to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps symmetrically disposed on either side of a centre line of the bag, each strap having a hole through it, the bag is positioned on the outer surface of the support girder with the straps on either side of the girder and the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder, and a rigid bar is passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag, with the surface of the bar bearing against the underside of the girder.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the bag when secured to the support girder overlaps the girder by a substantially equal amount on each side.
10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the or each pair of straps are located between the bag and support girder.
11. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the or each pair of straps are located over the bag.
12. A method according to claims 8, 9, 10 or 11 wherein the support lining bag employed is as claimed in any one of claims 5, 6 or 7.
13. A support lining bag substantially as herein described and as illustrated by the drawings accompanying our Application No. 81 14223.
14. A method according to claim 8 substantially as herein described and as illustrated by the drawings accompanying our Application No.8114223.
1 5. A support lining bag substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
16. A method of securing a support lining bag to the outer surface of a support girder substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
17. A support lining bag secured to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps disposed on either side of a central plane along the bag, each strap having a hole through it so that when the bag is positioned on the outer surface qf a correspondingly dimensioned support girder with at least one pair of the straps lying over the bag, the straps can lie on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder sufficient to allow a rigid bar to be passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag, and the straps which lie over the bag limit expansion of the bag and are arranged to break at a pre-set tension.
1 8. A method of securing a support lining bag to the outer surface of a support girder having substantially parallel spaced inner and outer surfaces, wherein at least one pair of straps is secured to the bag with the straps symmetrically disposed on either side of a central plane along the bag, each strap having a hole through it, the bag is positioned on the outer surface of the support girder with at least one pair of the straps lying over the bag and the straps positioned on either side of the girder with the holes extending a predetermined distance beyond the inner surface of the girder, and a rigid bar of a diameter substantially equal to the predetermined distance is passed through the or each opposed pair of holes whereby to secure the bag, the straps lying over the bag limiting expansion of the bag and being arranged to break at a pre-set tension.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8213165A GB2098256A (en) | 1981-05-08 | 1982-05-06 | Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8114223 | 1981-05-08 | ||
| GB8213165A GB2098256A (en) | 1981-05-08 | 1982-05-06 | Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2098256A true GB2098256A (en) | 1982-11-17 |
Family
ID=26279394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8213165A Withdrawn GB2098256A (en) | 1981-05-08 | 1982-05-06 | Support lining bag and method of securing same to a support |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2098256A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2555657A1 (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-05-31 | Genie Civil Coordination Et | Support system which can be used in underground works in addition to frames, arches, etc. ... made of metal or the like and making it possible to immobilise the ground efficiently over the whole periphery with the use of sleeves made of fabric which is permeable to water and filled with pumpable grout prepared for this purpose |
| EP0203242A1 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-03 | M.I.G.E.C. | Method and device for continuously lining a subway |
| GB2245011A (en) * | 1990-06-13 | 1991-12-18 | Lyndon Derek Bradbury | Roadway support |
| US20140314490A1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Abc Industries, Inc. | Pumpable mine ventilation structure |
| CN106089260A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | The Tunneling by mining method airtight advance support system of stream plastic state mud and construction method |
-
1982
- 1982-05-06 GB GB8213165A patent/GB2098256A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2555657A1 (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-05-31 | Genie Civil Coordination Et | Support system which can be used in underground works in addition to frames, arches, etc. ... made of metal or the like and making it possible to immobilise the ground efficiently over the whole periphery with the use of sleeves made of fabric which is permeable to water and filled with pumpable grout prepared for this purpose |
| EP0203242A1 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-03 | M.I.G.E.C. | Method and device for continuously lining a subway |
| GB2245011A (en) * | 1990-06-13 | 1991-12-18 | Lyndon Derek Bradbury | Roadway support |
| US20140314490A1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-23 | Abc Industries, Inc. | Pumpable mine ventilation structure |
| US9022689B2 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2015-05-05 | Heintzmann Corporation | Pumpable mine ventilation structure |
| CN106089260A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | The Tunneling by mining method airtight advance support system of stream plastic state mud and construction method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |