GB2097781A - Forming laminated articles from a composite encapsulated charge of molten glass - Google Patents
Forming laminated articles from a composite encapsulated charge of molten glass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2097781A GB2097781A GB8208914A GB8208914A GB2097781A GB 2097781 A GB2097781 A GB 2097781A GB 8208914 A GB8208914 A GB 8208914A GB 8208914 A GB8208914 A GB 8208914A GB 2097781 A GB2097781 A GB 2097781A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- molten
- charge
- skin
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/02—Forming molten glass coated with coloured layers; Forming molten glass of different compositions or layers; Forming molten glass comprising reinforcements or inserts
- C03B17/025—Tubes or rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/14—Pressing laminated glass articles or glass with metal inserts or enclosures, e.g. wires, bubbles, coloured parts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/12—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B7/00—Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob, e.g. controlling the gob shape, weight or delivery tact
- C03B7/08—Feeder spouts, e.g. gob feeders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
- C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
- C03B9/31—Blowing laminated glass articles or glass with enclosures, e.g. wires, bubbles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method is set forth for forming laminated articles such as by pressing, blowing and press and blow techniques, directly from a composite gob (G) of molten glass having an inner core (C) of one glass and an outer skin (S) of a second glass. A charge of molten core glass is delivered from one supply of molten glass and a charge of molten skin glass from a separate supply is simultaneously delivered so as to surround the core glass. The composite charge is severed by means (32) from their separate supplies so as to form a discrete composite gob of molten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass. The discrete composite charge of molten glass is delivered to a forming mould wherein a positive force such as pressing and/or blowing is applied to said charge of molten glass within the mould (34) to form a laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Forming laminated articles from a composite encapsulated charge of molten glass
This invention relates to forming laminated articles from a composite encapsulated charge of molten glass.
For some time now it has-been possible for manufacturers of glass articles to form laminated articles, such as laminated tubing and laminated sheet glass wherein a continuous flow or stream of the composite glass is delivered to form such tubing or sheet as desired. U.S.A. Patents Nos. 2,992,517 and 3,541,1 98 illustrate processes of forming continuous composite filaments, whereas
U.S.A. Patent No. 4,023,953 illustrates method and apparatus for continuously producing composite glass tubing. In the manufacture of both the filaments and the tubing, a continuous glass flow of the composite streams is necessary in order to form such filaments or tubing.
U.S.A. Patent No. 3,582,306 sets forth method and apparatus for continuously forming a composite sheet or ribbon of molten glass directly from a plurality of flows of molten vitreous material, whereas U.S.A. Patent No. 3,582,454 discloses method and apparatus for forming articles from such a continuous sheet of such composite material.
In other words, molten glass is delivered to first form a continuous composite sheet of molten glass which is then subsequently formed and trimmed into various articles.
U.S.A. Patent No. 3,673,049 sets forth a plurality of compositions which may be utilized for forming both the composite sheet of the prior art and the composite encapsulated charge of molten glass of the present invention.
Whereas the prior art related to the formation of composite articles, such as tubing and sheet from a continuous flow of a composite glass, the present invention relates to the formation of individual articles from a discrete composite charge of molten glass having a core glass fully encapsulated within a skin glass, wherein the composite encapsulated charge of molten glass may be pressed and/or blown into a laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass. The use of stream feeding for forming individual charges of a single glass is shown in U.S.A.
Patent No. 3,351,449, however, the patent does not contemplate composite charges or the formation of laminated ware. The applicant recognizes many applications for such pressed or blown laminated ware which were not heretofore feasibly formable with the known technologies. For example, pressed and/or blown articles may be formed with a core glass of a non-durable opal composition which is provided with a durable skin glass having a desired decoration or tinting. In a like manner, the charge having a core of an inexpensive glass could be encapsulated with a skin of photochromic glass which is pressed or formed into a laminated article having the core of the inexpensive glass completely surrounded by a skin of the photochromic glass.
Further, by utilizing glass compositions disclosed in U.S.A. Patent No. 3,673,049, the core and skin glasses may be chosen so as to provide a strengthened blown or pressed laminated article having a compressive outer skin.
In addition to the formation of laminated tubing and sheet glass as shown in the aforementioned prior art, it has been known to combine multiple flows of molten glass so as to make variegated glasses used for the manufacture of variegated glass marbles as shown in U.S.A. Patent No. 1,529,947. However, the process as shown in such patent was merely to combine two glasses of different colours, shear the depending glass into gobs and deposit the variegated glass in a mould for forming marbles.Although the patent indicates that a stream of glass of one colour may be injected within the centre of a flowing stream of glass of another colour so as to form a solid tubular core of one colour extending from the top to the bottom of the gob surrounded on its sidewalls with glass of another colour and that the variegated glass may be formed into an article by any desired forming devices, the patent does not suggest or contemplate the formation of a discrete composite charge of molten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass, or the pressing and/or blowing of such composite encapsulated charge into a laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
In its simplest form, the present invention sets forth a completely new concept in forming laminated articles having a core of one glass completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass. A discrete charge of molten glass is formed from a plurality of separate and distinct glasses in such a manner so that the discrete composite charge of molten glass has a core glass of one composition completely encapsulated within and surrounded by a skin glass of a second composition. The discrete composite charge of glass is delivered while in a molten condition to a mould or forming surface wherein a positive force is exerted thereon such as by pressing, blowing, or pressing and blowing so as to form a pressed and/or blown laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
It thus has been an object of the present invention to expand upon the known technologies of forming laminated sheet glass and tubing so as to provide laminated pressed and/or blown ware in a manner not contempleted heretofore.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a somewhat schematic elevational view in section of an apparatus for forming a composite encapsulated charge of molten glass in accordance with the present invention,
Figure 2 is a schematic elevational view, partially in section, illustrating the loading of a discrete composite charge of molten glass into a pressing mould.
Figure 3 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the pressing of the charge shown in Fig. 2 to form a laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
Figure 4 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the delivering of a discrete composite charge of molten glass to a parison mould.
Figure 5 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the pressing of a laminated parison from the composite charge as delivered in Fig. 4,
Figure 6 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the blowing of the parison formed in Fig. 5 into a blown laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
Figure 7 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the delivering of a discrete composite charge of molten glass to a forming surface such as an orifice plate having a removable plug.
Figure 8 is a schematic elevational view in section illustrating the sagging and initial blowing into a laminated article of the discrete composite charge delivered to the forming surface of Fig. 7 when the plug is removed.
Referring now to Fig. 1, a delivery apparatus 10 is shown for delivering discrete charges of molten glass G having a core glass
C completely surrounded by and encapsulated within a skin glass S. The delivery apparatus 10 includes a central core glass container 12 having an orifice opening 14 and an outer skin glass container 1 6 having an orifice opening 18 concentric with, but below, the core glass central orifice opening 14.The central core glass container 1 2 is provided with suitable conduit means 20 for delivering molten core glass C from a suitable supply thereof such as a melting tank to the central container 1 2. In a like manner, the outer skin glass container 1 6 is provided with suitable conduit means 22 for supplying molten skin glass S from a supply thereof such as a
melting tank to the outer container 16.
A pneumatic bell 24 is shown positioned within the central core glass container 1 2.
The bell 24 is provided with pressure or vacuum as desired through an upper opening 26 in order to control flow of core glass through the central orifice opening 14. A slight suck-up of the core glass C within the orifice 14 of central container 1 2 at the end of each delivery cycle promotes the flow of skin glass S within outer container 1 6 below orifice 14 so as to facilitate the intitial encapsulation of the core glass by the skin glass in the next delivery. If desired, a conventional vertically reciprocal needle could be positioned within the well of the core glass container 1 2 for controlling the flow of core glass
C through the orifice 14.Similarly, flow control means such as a baffle 28, connected to a source of pressure or vacuum through opening 30, is shown positioned within the outer skin glass container 1 6 for controlling the flow of skin glass S through outer orifice opening 1 8 about central orifice opening 14, although a mechanical sleeve could be utilized for controlling the flow of skin glass if so desired. A pair of shear blades 32 are shown operatively positioned below the orifices of delivery apparatus 10 for shearing the delivery of molten glass therefrom to form a composite gob or charge G delivered to a forming surface 34.
In the delivery of molten glass from the delivery apparatus 10, a charge of molten core glass C is delivered from the central core glass container 1 2 through orifice 14 while simultaneously a charge of molten skin glass
S, which surrounds the core glass C, is delivered from the supply of skin glass retained within skin glass container 1 6 through orifice 1 8. Since the orifice 1 8 is below orifice 14 and since orifice 14 is actually within skin glass container 1 6, the flow of skin glass S is initiated from orifice 1 8 prior to the flow of core glass C therethrough, thus to provide for the initial encapsulation and surrounding of the core glass C, by the skin glass S within the charge or gob G.The composite charge of molten glass which emanates from the delivery apparatus 10 is delivered to a forming surface 34 which initially shapes the gob and is then sheared by shear blades 32 to form the discrete composite charge G of molten glass having a core glass C encapsulated within and completely surrounded by a skin glass S. As the flow of core glass C and skin glass S are sheared, severing the gob G from the delivery apparatus 10, the skin glass S is caused simultaneously to flow over the severed core glass C by the shearing action, so as to form a discrete composite charge of
molten glass on forming surface 34, having a core of one glass encapsulated within and completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, a discrete composite charge G of molten glass having a core glass C encapsulated within a skin glass
S is shown in Fig. 2, as having been deposited upon a forming surface 34 of a pressing mould 36 from delivery apparatus 10. As shown in Fig. 3, a positive force F is exerted upon the charge of molten glass within the mould by a plunger 38 to press form a laminated article 40 having a core of core glass C which is completely surrounded by a skin of skin glass S.
Referring now to Figs. 4-6, a discrete composite charge G of molten glass having a core glass C encapsulated within a skin glass S is shown in Fig. 4, as having been delivered from delivery apparatus 10 to a parison mould 42. While in its molten condition, the composite charge is subjected to an initial force F to form a parison P within the mould 42 having a core glass C encapsulated within a skin glass S. The force utilized to form the parison may be in the form of a counter blow or a vacuum draw-down or an initial parison pressing by plunger 44 utilizing a neck ring 46. The parison is then transferred by neck ring 46 to a blow mould 48, and a blow head 49 engages therewith to supply a blowing force F for blowing the parison into a laminated blown article 50 having a core C of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin S of a second glass.It will be understood that the thickness of the various skins is greatly enlarged for purposes of illustration.
Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8, a composite charge of molten glass G having a core glass C surrounded by a skin glass S is shown being delivered by delivery apparatus 10 to a forming surface 34 of an orifice plate 52 having a removable plug 54 positioned therein. As shown in Fig. 8, the plug 54 is removed leaving an orifice 56 through which the composite charge G is blown by means of force F delivered by a blow head 58 into a final blown laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of another glass. Although not shown, a suitable blow mould may engage with the orifice plate 52 as is customary in the art for forming the final blown article.
It thus can be seen from the foregoing description that the present invention sets forth a novel method of forming laminated articles having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass, by a variety of forming techniques including pressing, blowing, press and blow, blow and blow and even conventional spinning or centrifical techniques. The provision of such a laminated article through the various forming techniques is accomplished by the delivery of a discrete composite charge of molten glass having a core glass of one composition encapsulated within and completely surrounded by a skin glass of a second composition to a forming surface, and while such charge is still in a molten condition, forming such charge into a finished laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
Although the preferred embodiments have been disclosed herein, it is appreciated that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the
Claims (11)
1. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass which comprises, delivering a charge of molten core glass from a supply thereof, simultaneously delivering a charge of molten skin glass from a supply thereof separate from said core glass, severing said delivered charges from said supply of core glass and skin glass, completely surrounding said core glass with said skin glass to form a discrete composite charge of molten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass, delivering said composite charge of molten glass to a forming surface associated with a mould, and exerting a positive force on said discrete charge of molten glass within said mould to form a laminated article having a core of one glass which is completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
2. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of simultaneously surrounding the charge of core glass with said skin glass as such glasses are simultaneously delivered from the supplies thereof, and completing the encapsulation of the core glass with the skin glass simultaneously with the severing of the charges from the supplies thereof.
3. A method of forming a laminated article fom a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of delivering said charges in the form of a composite gob-like charge having an inner core of one glass and an outer skin of a second glass to a forming surface, and severing the charge from the supply of core glass and supply of skin glass while overlying the core glass with the skin glass to complete the encapsulation of the core glass within the skin glass and form a discrete composite gob.
4. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 1 including the step of stream feeding the charge of both the core and skin glasses to a forming surface, and then severing the stream fed charges to form a discrete composite gob of molten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass.
5. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claims 1 or 3 including the steps of delivering said discrete composite charge of molten glass to a pressing mould, and press-forming said charge of mol ten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass into a laminated article having a core of one glass completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
6. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 5 including the step of transferring said initially press-formed laminated article to a blow mould while said article is still in a semi-molten condition, and applying air pressure to blow-form said initially press-formed article into a blown laminated article having a core of one glass encapsulated within a skin of a second glass.
7. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claims 1 or 3 including the steps of providing an opening in said forming surface upon which said discrete composite charge of molten glass has been delivered, and blowing said charge of molten glass having a core glass encapsulated within a skin glass through said opening into a blown laminated article having a core of one glass completely surrounded by a skin of a second glass.
8. A method of forming a laminated article from a discrete composite charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of exerting a positive force on said charge of molten glass by pressing said charge within said mould with a plunger and simultaneously flowing both the core glass and the skin glass of said composite charge of molten glass radially outwardly of a central portion of such charge with the skin glass maintaining an outer skin about said core glass as the charge is pressed into a laminated article.
9. A method of directly forming a laminated article from a discrete charge of molten glass which comprises simultaneously delivering a flow of molten core glass of one composition and a separate flow of skin glass of a second composition from a delivery orifice, initiating a flow of skin glass from said orifice prior to the flow of core glass from said orifice and surrounding said flow of core glass with said flow of skin glass as said separate flows are simultaneously delivered from said orifice to form a molten composite charge, delivering said molten composite charge to a forming surface and severing the delivered glass from the flows of molten glass emanating from said orifice to form a discrete composite charge having a molten core glass of one composition encapsulated within and surrounded by a molten skin glass of a second composition, applying external force to said delivered discrete composite charge of molten glass so as to form such charge while still in its molten condition into a final laminated glass article having a core of one composition surrounded by a skin of a second composition.
10. A method of directly forming a laminated article from a discrete charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 9 including the steps of delivering said composite charge of molten glass to the surface of a mould and then severing the flows of molten glass from said orifice while simultaneously causing said skin glass of said charge to overlie the severed core glass of such charge so as to form a discrete composite charge having the molten core glass completely surrounded by the molten skin glass.
11. A method of directly forming a laminated article from a discrete charge of molten glass as claimed in claim 9 including the steps of delivering said discrete composite charge of molten glass to a pressing mould, and while still in a molten condition, pressing said composite charge having a core glass of one composition encapsulated within and surrounded by a molten skin glass of a second composition into a laminated glass article having a core of one glass composition surrounded by a skin of a second glass composition.
1 2. A method of directly forming a laminated article from a discrete charge of molten glass as defined in claim 11 including the step of transferring said press-formed laminated article to a blow mould while still in a semi-molten condition and blowing said pressformed article into a final blown laminated glass article having a core of one composition surrounded by a skin of a second composition.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US25949381A | 1981-05-01 | 1981-05-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2097781A true GB2097781A (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| GB2097781B GB2097781B (en) | 1984-10-31 |
Family
ID=22985188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8208914A Expired GB2097781B (en) | 1981-05-01 | 1982-03-26 | Forming laminated articles from a composite encapsulated charge of a molten glass |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2504910B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2097781B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2201149A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1988-08-24 | Owens Illinois Glass Container | Forming laminated glass containers from a composite encapsulated gob of molten glass |
| EP0292227A1 (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1988-11-23 | International Partners In Glass Research | The manufacture of glassware articles of improved strength |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2500105A (en) * | 1941-04-23 | 1950-03-07 | Hartford Empire Co | Method of making laminated hollow glass articles |
| US2802309A (en) * | 1949-10-28 | 1957-08-13 | Brune Herbert | Method of producing multilayered blown hollow glass bodies |
-
1982
- 1982-03-26 GB GB8208914A patent/GB2097781B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-03 FR FR8207661A patent/FR2504910B1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2201149A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1988-08-24 | Owens Illinois Glass Container | Forming laminated glass containers from a composite encapsulated gob of molten glass |
| GB2201149B (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1991-10-16 | Owens Illinois Glass Container | Forming laminated glass containers from a composite encapsulated gob of molten glass |
| EP0292227A1 (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1988-11-23 | International Partners In Glass Research | The manufacture of glassware articles of improved strength |
| US4842630A (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1989-06-27 | International Partners In Glass Research | Manufacture of glassware articles of improved strength |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2504910B1 (en) | 1986-09-12 |
| GB2097781B (en) | 1984-10-31 |
| FR2504910A1 (en) | 1982-11-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |