GB2093214A - Color Communication and Matching - Google Patents
Color Communication and Matching Download PDFInfo
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- GB2093214A GB2093214A GB8204649A GB8204649A GB2093214A GB 2093214 A GB2093214 A GB 2093214A GB 8204649 A GB8204649 A GB 8204649A GB 8204649 A GB8204649 A GB 8204649A GB 2093214 A GB2093214 A GB 2093214A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/461—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters with colour spinners
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/462—Computing operations in or between colour spaces; Colour management systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/463—Colour matching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/465—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters taking into account the colour perception of the eye; using tristimulus detection
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
A method for communicating color information and formulating colorants to match a given color wherein a given color definition system defining a color when viewed in a specific light defines input color information. A set of differently colored discs may be additively mixed on being spun and blended according to the Maxwell disc principle. Formulation includes computing those combinations and subcombinations of the set which give the same values within the definition system as the input color. The combinations, weighted according to the proportions of each disc showing in each combination, are averaged to determine a composite combination which, when used to generate a color, will render one which minimizes metamerism when matched with dyes. The composite combination converted directly into spectral reflectances provides input to a standard color matching system. A color is matched by combination of a plurality of dyes on file in the matching system, data on each being included in the system, to provide a matching sample. This can be corrected if necessary. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Color Communication and Matching
The present invention deals generally with the field of color communication systems. This method provides a means for actually communicating color information and for actually formulating pigments or dyes to match a given simulated color which may or may not be at the same location as the colorants themselves.
Under prior art systems, in order to match a colored sample it would be necessary to make specific measurements or to mix pigments or dyes physically and create an actual sample. The present invention provides a novel means for generating a formulated color sample which will have a minimum metamerism versus the simulated color. The strength and novelty of the present system is to achieve this objective, specifically to formulate colorant concentrations from simulated data only without requiring the taking of photometric measurements each time a formulation is desired.
The present invention provides a method for communicating color information and formulating colorants to match a given color wherein the desired color is initially defined in terms of parameters of any given color definition system.
Presently the most widely accepted color system is the tristimulus values of the C.l.E. color definition system established by the International
Commission on Illumination (Commission
Internationale de L'Eclairage).
A plurality of colored discs are contained within the system of the present method wherein each of the colored discs are of a distinctly different color in such a fashion that variations of additively mixing of these discs will yield a wide gamut of possible colors. Considering the manufacturing characteristics and the law of diminishing returns it has been found that seven colored discs are presently the most preferable but the present invention is not limited to such numbers.
The present method then computes all possible combinations of the set of colored discs which when additively mixed such as by blending when spinning thereof according to the Maxwell disc principle will yield the desired color. Each disc displayed is weighted to a given percentage such that the total of percentages of all seven discs totals 100. The discs may be additively mixed by any type of color wheel configuration presently available in the state of the art.
All the weighted combinations of this computing operation can then be averaged to determine a single average composite weighted combination of the colored discs. It is this single average composite weighted combination which can minimize color metamerism when said color is matched with colorants.
With knowledge of the spectral curves of each of the individual discs and with knowledge of the weighted combination thereof which yields the composite combination sufficient information is available for the calculating of the composite spectral curve of the additive mixture of the composite combination. Once the spectral curve of the composite combination is determined, a colorant formula (dyes or pigments) can be further determined. This formula would provide the mixing data for blending subtractiveiy the plurality of known colorants in a computer formulating system to match the desired simulated color.
Often this first formulated color sample will not identicaily match the desired simulated color for a variety of reasons, for example, variations in the strength or purities of dyes or pigments. For this reason a correcting cycle is included which can reformulate the colorant concentratins to yield a corrected subtractice formula to achieve the desired match to the simulated color.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and formulating colorants to match a given simulated color.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and to formulate a match to the simulated color without the need of any photometric measurement of the simulated color.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and to determine disc areas which yield a color defined in terms of input parameters defined by the C.l.E. tristimulus value system.
It is an object of the present inventiom to provide a method for communicating color information and to develop a color with a plurality of color discs and to determine all possible weighted combinations of these discs taken three or more at a time which when additively mixed according to these weighted percentages displays the desired color.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and creating a color by providing a single average composite weighted combination of color discs to minimize metamerism when matching the simulated color with colorants.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and formulating color which includes colorant concentration correction procedure being specifically useful for correcting real world variations in process and materials.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for communicating color information and creating a color by utilizing a color simulator as a color communications device employing the observer.
A method in accordance with the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the method for communicating color information and determining a colorant formula to match a simulated color of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a graph illustrating amplitude by wavelength of (A) an average tungsten filament lamp operating at a color temperature of 2,854 degrees Kelvin and of (B) average daylight; and
Figure 3 contains the spectral curves of two grayish colors, each having the same tristimulus values but having different spectral curves and the composite weighted average spectral curve resulting from additive mixing of each gray in equal amounts.
The present invention provides a method for
communicating color information and more
specifically for formulating colorants to match a
given simulated color or for synthesizing a color
on a color wheel which is described numerically
such as by tristimulus values. A schematic
representation of the system is given in Figure 1 wherein section 10 illustrates the manual and automatic features of an actual color simulator such as a color wheel or spinning color disc system. Section 12 of the system illustrates the normal or standard procedures utilized in subtractive mixing of pigments and dyes to achieve a color formula. With that system a color is to be matched and a formula is derived by
measuring of the samples and computing the proportions of the pigments or dyes on file in the system which must be subtractively mixed in order to achieve the match.Current color technology recognizes that mixing of pigments and dyes is a subtractive procedure. However the mixing of colors with color wheels by the Maxwell disc principle is recognized as being additive. The correction section 14 of the current system is basically used for error correction or production adjustment and is needed in order to overcome problems such as variations in the strength of the dyes or pigments and other process variables.
Initially it is possible for the system of the present invention to receive color information. It is desirable that this color information be enterred into the system in terms of the parameters of a given color information system. Such a color system, widely accepted today, is the C.l.E.
tristimulus values. The C.l.E. system is
internationally accepted and is the color definition system of the International Commission on
Illumination. This system defines a color as viewed and, as such, the values of this system are specifically dependent upon the light source
under which the color sample is viewed.
Reference numeral 20 refers to that set of color reference parameters.
Often color information is available which is not within the given color definition system as desired such as non-C.l.E. values 1 6. Therefore, the present invention includeds a conversion calculation 1 8 for converting these non-standard values into the given color parameter values of the present method.
Another color definition system 22 is a color order system wherein a plurality of color samples each illustrating a slightly varying color are displayed. With such an input a table is normally provided to perform the tabulated conversion 24 into the given color system of the present method. Each entry in the table corresponds to one of the ordered color samples and converts that sample into the more standard values which the preferred embodiment of apparatus for use in the present invention is designed to use.
In this manner the given system values 20 are generated for use by this method. It is also possible to have the initial color given in the parameters of the given system such as shown by input-output arrows 66. The input-output arrows 62 and 64 refer to the receiving or releasing of color and input information in accordance with a non-C.l.E. input value 1 6 or in terms of a color order system 22, respectively.
The method of the present invention contemplates the use of a plurality of colored discs each having a distinctly different color from the other discs in such a fashion that when these discs are additively mixed with respect to one another such as by spinning under the Maxwell disc principle, they have the capability of rendering a wide range of resultant colors. Having the given color defined in the given color definition system such as the C.l.E. tristimulus values, the next step in the method is the calculation 26 of all combinations of the set of
color discs taken three or more at a time which when additively mixed according to the weighted percentages thereof renders a color having the same tristimulus values as the desired color. In this manner the calculation 26 will yield a number of different combinations of each of the seven discs.For example, one combination might be 20% red, 30% yellow, and 50% green, whereas another combination might be 40% green, 30% purple and 30% red. Of course, more than three discs could be used since the discs will be taken three, four, five, six and seven, or any number, at a time as high as the total number of discs. For instance, when seven discs are used the calculation 26 will find all combinations of three, four, five, six, or seven discs which when mixed
accordingly to various appropriate percentages
additively will render a color having the same three tristimulus values. Normally, with seven discs in the method a given color will have a
number of different combinations on the order of
as many as ten to thirty. Since each of these
percentage mixtures of the discs in the method
has the same tristimulus values, they are equal to one another in a given illumination. However,
each of these individual combinations will have a slightly different spectral curve.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the
art, a color may be regarded as a mixture of three
primary colors, and a number of combinations of
5 given discs on a reflected color simulator may
give rise to practically the same color. Accordingly
where there are, for example, seven discs these
may be taken three or four at a time if desired.
With a knowledge of the individual spectral curves of each individual disc an averaging step 28 will now be performed wherein all the
combinatorial additive matches are averaged and a single mean or composite weighted
combination will be rendered. This is referred to
as the single average composite weighted
combination of the plurality of colored discs. This
weighted combination will have the same
tristimulus values as each of the individual
combinations, however, it will have a spectral
curve not necessarily identical to any such single
combination. It will indeed be the weighted
average thereof.
These values 30 are determined from the
averaging 28 or may be directly received by input
output arrow 68.
By this calculation 26 and averaging 28 a
single average composite weighted combination is rendered for the purpose of minimizing
metamerism, between a simulated color and later
formulated sample. The C.l.E. tristimulus values
are dependent on the light source under which a
color sample is viewed as well as being
dependent to some extent upon the variations in
sensitivity of the human eye at different
wavelengths. For this reason two colors when
viewed in artificial light may be a perfect match
whereas when viewed in daylight may be a poor
match. It is a specific object of the present
invention to provide a method for automatically
determining colorant formulae wherein the color
variation under different lights between the
simulated color and the color sample is
minimized. This is referred to as a non-metameric
match.This minimum metamerism is often
achieved by the method of the present invention
due to the formation of the composite weighted
combination of the colored discs. This can be
more clearly explained upon a consideration of
Figures 2 and 3.
Figure 2 illustrates the spectral curve 82 of amplitude over wavelength of a type of common daylight and the spectral curve 80 of a tungsten filament lamp operating at 2,854 degrees Kelvin.
A viewing of these two curves will show that the daylight is more even in relative energy emitted over the spectrum of wavelengths whereas the artificial light has a low relative energy in the shorter wavelength areas and a very high relative energy in the longer wavelength areas. That is, the tungsten filament light will tend to exaggerate any differences between two colors in the longer wavelength or red areas.
Figure 3 illustrates two spectral curves 74 and 78 for grayish colors generated in the calculation 26. These spectral curves 74 and 78 are actually for two of the combinations of the discs which would have the same C.l.E. tri-stimulus values as each other. That is, under the given light of daylight these two grays would appear the same since their curves are generally fairly close to one another and since the daylight is more or less uniform in radiated energy along the visible spectrum of wavelengths. However, when these two colors are viewed under the tungsten filament light of spectral curve 80 the differences in the high end of the spectrum will be exaggerated. We see that between 650 and 700 nm the radiant energy of spectral curve 78 is higher than spectral curve 74. This difference will be exaggerated by the extremely high energy of the tungsten filament light in this range.For this reason there will be a significant shift in the gray color of spectral curve 78 toward a reddish coloration when viewed under the artificial light 80. Practically speaking, if a woman were wearing a gray blouse having the spectral curve 74 color and a skirt having the spectral curve 78 color they would be a perfect match as long as she was viewed under daylight. However, if she were to walk into a room illuminated by the tungsten filament light of spectral curve 80 the difference in the actual spectral curves of her blouse and skirt would be emphasized with the skirt shifting into the reddish-gray direction resulting in a poor match. These two gray colors are described as being metameric. This is an undesirable characteristic and should if possible be avoided in color matching methods.The present invention minimizes the potential for such color variations by using the composite curve 76 as the values for the disc simulator when performing the additive synthesis calculation 32.
For this reason metamerism is minimized by the operation and method of the present invention.
The ability to visualize which combination of discs will yield the most color constant mixture is also one of the primary novel characteristics of the present invention.
Therefore we see that the values 30 are particularly determined by the colorations of the discs. For example, the values 30 might be 10% for the black, green, purple,sand red discs and 20% for the orange, yellow and blue discs. This particular percentage combination totaling 100% indicates that single composite combination additively of the discs which will render the match for the given color. The additive synthesis 32 is now performed since it is quite easy to have the spectral curves of each of the given seven discs stored within the system. In this manner a percentage of reflectance at each wavelength for the synthesized composite color is achievable at point 34 in the method. At this point the reflectance percentages which have been arrived at additively by combination of reflectances over wavelength can be used in subtractive matching 44.In other words, given the known spectral curves for each of the discs and given the known percentages of each of these discs in the composite weighted combination necessary for rendering the given color in such a fashion as to maximize constancy thereof, it is possible to render a curve of percentage reflectances versus wavelength for this composite synthesized color.
An example of such a curve is spectral curve 76 shown in Figure 3.
Given the basic analytical measurement of percentage reflectance versus wavelength which is independent of the light environment we can now proceed to determine a formula for colorants to match the given simulated color by subtractive mixing of a plurality of known pigments or dyes being available to this method. These dyes are subtractively matched 44 and a formula is initially selected at 46. Colorant concentrations 48 are yielded and a formula is arrived at through output 70. This formula is used to prepare an initial color sample 50 on a given material at 52.
The prepared sample of colored material is compared with the simulated color at 42. It is possible that a match will be unacceptable due to many variations which become physically present such as variations in the strengths of the dyes or pigments. If a match with simulated color 42 is not achieved by visual viewing 40, the colorant concentrations can be slightly altered. The new information will be used for subtractive formula correction 56 when compared with the percentage reflectances at each wavelength of the initial formula 54. A corrected formula concentration 58 will be generated out through output 72 and a corrected sample will be prepared at 60 and again compared with the simulated color 42. Another correction step can be performed if necessary.
It is desired to determine the more standard color definition parameters of the color defined at 34, it is possible to do the computation 36 to determine the C.l.E. tristimulus values or the values for any other given system being used, for the spectral curve at 34 by integration of the spectral curve properly weighted for the given light source under which it is viewed and for the variations in color emphasis of the human eye. In this manner the new C.l.E. tristimulus values will be determined for output for any reason at arrows 66 or by full tabulation or conversion through output arrows 62 or 64.
While particular embodiments of this invention have been shown in the drawings and described above, it will be apparent that many changes may be made in the form, arrangement and positioning of the various elements of the combination. In consideration thereof it should be understood that preferred embodiments of this invention disclosed herein are intended to be illustrative only and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method for communicating color information and, if desired, formulating a colorant to match a given color, comprising:
a) defining the given color in terms of at least three variables of a given color definition system;
b) computing combinations of a set of N colored discs (N being at least equal to 3) taken three discs or more at a time that, when additively mixed by spinning the discs with appropriate proportions of each disc exposed, render a color having a the same color when defined as in a) as the given color, weighting the contribution of each disc in each combination in accordance with the proportion thereof exposed,
c) averaging resulting so-weighted combinations to provide a single composite combination of the N colored discs, whereby metamerism between the color generated by the
N colored discs and a sample made by the colorants is minimized;;
d) calculating, for the single composite combination of N colored discs, a composite spectral curve therefore of percentage reflectances according to wavelength, by additively combining the spectral reflectance curves of each of the N colored discs weighted according to their proportions in the single combination of the N colored discs determined by said averaging;
e) determining a colorant formula matching the given color by subtractive mixing of a plurality of colorants having known spectral curves, and, if desired;
f) formulating the colorant.
2. A method for communicating color information and formulating colorants to match a given desired color comprising:
a) defining a desired color in terms of at least three variables of a given color definition system;
b) computing all possible weighted combinations of a set of N colored discs taken three or more at a time, which when additively mixed according to the weighted percentages thereof, by spinning the discs and exposing selective portions thereof, renders the same color as the desired color;
c) averaging all the weighted combinations of said computing to determine a single average composite weighted combination of the N colored discs and thusly tending to minimize metamerism between the color generated by the N colored discs and the sample made by the colorants;;
d) calculating, for the single average composite weighted combination of N colored discs, a composite spectral curve therefor of percentage reflectances according to wavelength, by additively combining the pre-known spectral reflectance curves of each of the N colored discs according to the weighted percentage of each of the N colored discs in the single average composite weighted combination of the N colored discs determined.
3. The method as defined in Claim 2 further comprising:
a) spinning of the N colored discs with selective portions thereof exposed equal to the percentages in the single average composite weighted combination of N colored discs rendered by said averaging to simulate the desired color by additive mixing of the N colored discs;
b) preparing of a color sample from the calculated colorant formula; and
c) comparing the prepared color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning.
4. The method as defined in Claim 3 further comprising:
a) correcting of the determined formula responsive to said comparing of the prepared colored sample with the simulated desired color to render a corrected subtractive formula; and
b) corrected preparing of a color sample from the recalculated colorant formula;
c) comparing the corrected color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning; and
d) repeating said correcting, said corrected preparing and said comparing of the corrected color sample until said comparing renders an acceptable color match between the corrected color sample and the color generated by said spinning of the colored discs.
5. The method as defined in any one of claims 2 to 4 wherein the given color definition system is the tristimulus values of the International
Commission on Illumination.
6. The method as defined in any one of claims 2 to 5 further comprising receiving of the color input values in a definition system other than the given definition system and the calculated converting from that input system to the given input definition system.
7. The method as defined in Claim 2 wherein the number N, of colored discs within the set is 7 and wherein the discs are taken three, four, five, six and seven at a time during said computing.
8. A method for communicating color information and formulating a colorant to match a given desired color comprising:
a) defining a desired color in terms of the three tristimulus values of the C.l.E. color definition systems;
b) computing all possible weighted combinations of a set of seven color discs taken three, four, five, six and seven at a time, which when additively mixed according to the weighted percentages thereof by spinning the discs and exposing selected portions thereof renders the same color as the desired color;
c) averaging all the weighted combinations of said computing to determine a single average composite weighted combination of the seven color discs and thusly tending to minimize metamerism between the color generated by the
N colored discs and the sample made by the colorants;;
d) calculating, for the single average composite weighted combination of seven color discs, a composite spectral curve therefor of percentage reflectances according to wavelength by additively combining the pre-known spectral reflectance curves of each of the seven color discs according to the weighted percentage of each of the seven color discs in the single average composite weighted combination of the seven colored discs determined by said averaging;
e) determining a colorant formula to match the given color by subtractive mixing of a plurality of known colorants having known spectral curves;
f) initially preparing of a color sample from the calculated colorant formula;;
g) spinning of the seven colored discs with selective portions thereof exposed equal to the percentages in the single average composite weighted combination of seven color discs rendered by said averaging to simulate the desired color by additive mixing of the N colored discs;
h) comparing the initially prepared color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning;
i) correcting of the determined formula responsive to said comparing of the prepared colored sample with the simulated desired color to render a corrected subtractive formula:
j) corrected preparing of a color sample from the recalculated colorant formula:
k) comparing the correct color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning; and
I) repeating said correcting, said correcting preparing and said comparing of the corrected color sample until said comparing renders an acceptable color match between the corrected color sample and the color generated by said spinning of the colored discs.
9. A method for communicating color information and formulating colorants to match a given desired color comprising:
a) spinning a plurality of N colored discs with selectively variable percentages of surface areas thereof exposed in the viewing area for additive mixing of the predetermined colors on the discs;
b) composing a desired color by selectively varying the amount of each of the N spinning discs exposed into the viewing area;
c) measuring the percentages of each of the N colored discs being exposed in the viewing area to create the given color;
d) determining the spectral curve of each of the known colors of each of the colored discs;;
e) calculating a composite spectral curve of the desired color by combining the spectral curves of each of the known colors in each of the discs according to the weighted percentages of each of the N colored discs exposed in the viewing area when simulating the desired colors; and
f) determining a colorant formula matching the given color by subtractive mixing of a plurality of known colorants having known spectral curves.
10. The method as defined in Claim 9 further comprising:
a) preparing of a color sample from the calculated colorant formula; and
b) comparing the prepared color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning.
11. The method as defined in Claim 10 further comprising:
a) correcting of the determined formula responsive to said comparing of the prepared colored sample with the simulated desired color to render a corrected subtractive formula;
b) corrected preparing of a color sample from the recalculated colorant formula;
c) comparing the corrected color sample with the simulated desired color generated by said spinning; and
d) repeating said correcting, said corrected preparing and said comparing of the corrected color sample until said comparing renders an acceptable color match between the corrected color sample and the color generated by said spinning of the colored discs.
12. The method of claim 2, conducted substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
13. Any novel method or combination of methods described herein.
14. Apparatus for carrying out the method of any preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23507781A | 1981-02-17 | 1981-02-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2093214A true GB2093214A (en) | 1982-08-25 |
Family
ID=22884011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8204649A Withdrawn GB2093214A (en) | 1981-02-17 | 1982-02-17 | Color Communication and Matching |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57148218A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3200292C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2500159A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2093214A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1237557B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8200918L (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0094218A3 (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1984-09-05 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Paint manufacture |
| EP0131414A2 (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-01-16 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Colour formulation by mixing in which a coloured composition is dispensed from a container having an active memory device associated therewith |
| JPS62149760A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-03 | Sakata Shokai Ltd | Preparation of coloring material |
| ES2146159A1 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2000-07-16 | Tautell S A | Process for manufacturing serigraphic inks with pre- established control of their colour and tonality, which are used to decorate ceramic slabs |
| EP1174694A1 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-01-23 | Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Method for evaluating reproducibility of toning sample by ccm |
| EP2384904A1 (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-09 | Benjamin Moore&Co. | Apparatus and method for dispensing color merchandise |
| US8467090B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2013-06-18 | Columbia Insurance Company | Color selection apparatus and method for producing low metameric color merchandise |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0446168B1 (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1994-09-07 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Method for determining paint- and printing formulae from a colour original |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1327954A (en) * | 1962-04-18 | 1963-05-24 | Valspar Corp | Selectively changeable color presentation device |
| US3916168A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1975-10-28 | Mobil Oil Corp | Color matching surface coatings containing metallic pigments |
-
1982
- 1982-01-07 DE DE3200292A patent/DE3200292C2/en not_active Expired
- 1982-01-12 JP JP57002343A patent/JPS57148218A/en active Pending
- 1982-01-26 IT IT8219299A patent/IT1237557B/en active
- 1982-01-27 FR FR8201248A patent/FR2500159A1/en active Granted
- 1982-02-16 SE SE8200918A patent/SE8200918L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-02-17 GB GB8204649A patent/GB2093214A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0094218A3 (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1984-09-05 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Paint manufacture |
| EP0131414A2 (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-01-16 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Colour formulation by mixing in which a coloured composition is dispensed from a container having an active memory device associated therewith |
| EP0131414A3 (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-12-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Colour formulation by mixing in which a coloured composition is dispensed from a container having an active memory device associated therewith |
| JPS62149760A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-03 | Sakata Shokai Ltd | Preparation of coloring material |
| JPH046746B2 (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1992-02-06 | Sakata Inks | |
| ES2146159A1 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2000-07-16 | Tautell S A | Process for manufacturing serigraphic inks with pre- established control of their colour and tonality, which are used to decorate ceramic slabs |
| EP1174694A1 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2002-01-23 | Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Method for evaluating reproducibility of toning sample by ccm |
| EP1174694A4 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2007-06-27 | Dainichiseika Color Chem | Method for evaluating reproducibility of toning sample by ccm |
| US8467090B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2013-06-18 | Columbia Insurance Company | Color selection apparatus and method for producing low metameric color merchandise |
| EP2384904A1 (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-09 | Benjamin Moore&Co. | Apparatus and method for dispensing color merchandise |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57148218A (en) | 1982-09-13 |
| IT1237557B (en) | 1993-06-08 |
| FR2500159B1 (en) | 1985-01-11 |
| DE3200292C2 (en) | 1983-12-08 |
| SE8200918L (en) | 1982-08-18 |
| IT8219299A0 (en) | 1982-01-26 |
| DE3200292A1 (en) | 1982-09-02 |
| FR2500159A1 (en) | 1982-08-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |