GB2079864A - Improvements in compressors for refrigerant fluids - Google Patents

Improvements in compressors for refrigerant fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2079864A
GB2079864A GB8119965A GB8119965A GB2079864A GB 2079864 A GB2079864 A GB 2079864A GB 8119965 A GB8119965 A GB 8119965A GB 8119965 A GB8119965 A GB 8119965A GB 2079864 A GB2079864 A GB 2079864A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
upper main
washer
compressor according
compressor
casing
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Granted
Application number
GB8119965A
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GB2079864B (en
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Aspera SpA
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Aspera SpA
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Publication of GB2079864A publication Critical patent/GB2079864A/en
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Publication of GB2079864B publication Critical patent/GB2079864B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/02Crankshaft bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0094Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/10Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
    • F16B21/16Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
    • F16B21/18Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00Metals
    • F05C2201/04Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436Iron
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/42Pumps with cylinders or pistons

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

In a compressor for refrigerant fluids, the thrust bearing for a vertical crankshaft 18 comprises an annular element 52 of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which is rotatable with an upper main journal 28 and which has a flat lower radial surface, and a flat radial surface 50 machined on an upper main bearing 36 fixed in the compressor casing 12. The flat lower surface of the annular element 52 bears upon the flat radial surface 50 of the upper main bearing 36. A circlip 58 seated in a groove 56 in the crankshaft has a finger 60 for drivingly engaging a projection 54 on the thrust bearing element 52. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in compressors for refrigerant fluids The present invention relates to compressors for refrigerant fluids, and is concerned more particularly with a compressor of the type comprising a vertical crankshaft which is mounted rotatably in a casing defining a horizontal cylinder of the compressor, wherein the shaft includes a pair of main journals, one being located beneath a crank pin and being rotatable in a lower main bearing machined in the casing, and the other being located above the crank pin and being rotatable in an upper main bearing fixed in the casing, the main bearings comprising radial bearings, and wherein the shaft is supported axially in the casing by an axial thrust bearing.
In known compressors of this type, the thrust bearing comprises a flat annular surface which faces upwardly and is machined on an upper face of the casing at the upper end of the lower main bearing. The upper end of the lower main journal of the crankshaft is formed with a collar having a flat lower annular surface which bears upon the corresponding annular surface of the casing.
In existing compressors, both the casing and the shaft are made from cast-iron, and the annular surfaces of the thrust bearing are cast-iron surfaces which require extremely accurate machining so as to be absolutely flat and perpendicular to the common axis of the main bearings and the shaft. In practice, the only acceptable accurate machining is a lapping operation which involves high costs.
The problem forming the basis for this invention is that of achieving a compressor of the aforesaid type, in which the axial thrust bearing is very economical to produce whilst still ensuring efficient working of the compressor.
According to the present invention, this problem is solved by a compressor characterised in that the thrust bearing comprises, on the one hand, an annular element of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which is rotatable with the upper main journal and has a flat lower radial surface, and, on the other hand, a flat radial surface which is machined on the upper main bearing and upon which the lower surface of the annular element bears.
In a compressor according to the invention, the thrust bearing is associated with the upper main bearing which comprises, in known manner, a plate element bolted to the casing. Since this plate element is small, the difficulties in machining it are fewer than for a larger element, such as a compressor casing. It is not difficult, therefore, to produce this plate element in a grinding operation by passing it between opposing grinding wheels.
This passage between opposing wheels facilitates the formation, on the upper main bearing, of a flat radial surface constituting the fixed surface of the thrust bearing, and, moreover, ensures that this flat surface is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical seating in which the upper main journal of the crankshaft rotates.
In a compressor according to this invention, there is no sliding contact between cast iron surfaces, since one of these surfaces, that is, the rotating part of the bearing, is made from the low friction coefficient material of the annular element, and simple grinding of the aforesaid flat radial surface is possible.
Further characteristics of the invention will be apparent from reading the following detailed description, given with reference to the accompanying drawings which show a preferred embodiment, and in which: Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor; Figure 2 is a plan view from above, omitting an upper portion of the casing; Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of an upper portion of the compressor crankshaft, its upper main bearing, and the elements constituting the thrust bearing, and Figure 4 is a side elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of an upper main journal of the crankshaft, and shows in vertical section the elements attached to the journal to form the axial thrust bearing.
With reference to Figures 1 and 2, a compressor for refrigerant fluids, of the type currently used, for example, in domestic refrigerators, includes a hermetic sheet metal housing 10 within which is resiliently suspended the casing 12 of a compressor. The casing 12 includes a cylinder 14, with a horizontal axis, which houses a piston 1 6. The piston 1 6 is coupled by a connecting rod 1 7 to the crank pin of a crankshaft 1 8 with a vertical axis. Lower down, the casing 12 supports the stator unit 20 of an electric motor, the rotor of which is indicated as 22. The rotor 22 is keyed on to a lower tubular extension of the crankshaft 1 8.
Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the crankshaft 1 8 includes a dowser main journal 26 and an upper main journal 28. Between the two main journals 26, 28 the crankshaft 18 comprises, from the bottom upwards, a crank pin 30 and a balance weight 32.
As shown in Figure 1, the lower main journal 26 is rotatably housed in a bore 34 in the casing 12, which constitutes a lower main bearing located beneath the crank pin 30.
The upper portion of the casing 12 carries a cast-iron plate element 36 which is bolted to the casing (see also Figure 2). The support plate 36 constitutes a main bearing and, for this purpose, has a bore 38 within which the upper main journal 28 is rotatable. The bore 38 is machined in a thickened portion of the plate element 36, which defines upper and lower central bosses 40, 42, respectively, on the two faces of the element. For fixing, the plate element 36 has three bolt holes 43 which are also made in thickened portions of the element, and define, on both faces, upper and lower bosses 44, 46.
The plate element 36, which is produced by casting, is then subjected to grinding, being passed between two grinding wheels, so that the upper surfaces of the bosses 40, 44 are coplanar, and the lower surfaces of the bosses 46 are coplanar with, and parallel to, the foregoing surfaces. The cylindrical grinding of the bore 38 is effected with reference to the flat surfaces of these bosses.
The casing 12 has an upper surface 48 which is ground flat and is perpendicular to the axis of the lower bearing 34. The ground surfaces of the bosses 46 abut this ground surface 48 and thus achieve effective parallelism between the axis of the bore 38 and the axis of the bore 34, whilst coincidence of these two axes depends on accurate perpendicularity between the axis of the bore 38 and the plane containing the surfaces of the three bosses 46.
Referring to Figure 4, as well as Figures 1 to 3, the upper annular ground surface of the boss 40 is indicated 50. This flat radial surface 50 constitutes the static bearing surface of an axial thrust bearing for the crankshaft 18.
The rotating surface which cooperates with the thrust bearing is the lower annular surface of an annular element 52. The annular element 52 comprises a washer having flat surfaces and a peripheral radial projection or tab 54.
The washer 52 made from a synthetic material with a low coefficient of friction. The preferred material is a phenolic resin with a filling of a solid lubricant. Producing an annular element 52 of this material, with flat parallel surfaces, presents no technological difficulties. Moreover, for use in a bearing, a synthetic material, particularly a phenolic resin, has the advantage of being quiet.
That portion of the upper main journal 28 which projects above the plate element 36 is formed with an annular groove 56. Within this groove is tightly engaged a resilient split ring 58 which is very similar to what is known commercially as a "Seeger ring", but has at one end of its circumference an appendage or finger 60. The appendage 60 is bent downwardly and engages the radial projection 54 of the washer 52 like a catch plate.
The direction of rotation of the crankshaft 18 is shown by the arrow A in Figure 2. The resilient ring 58, being tightly engaged in the groove 56, is in effect keyed onto the main journal 28 of the shaft 18 and rotates with it, so that the appendage or finger 60, by engaging the projection or tab 54, carries the washer 52 in rotation. In this way, sliding occurs baneficially between the lower surface of the washer 52 and the upper ground surface 50 of the boss 40, while, at the same time, the split ring 58 constitutes an annular bearing or suspension shoulder for the shaft 1 8 upon the washer 52.

Claims (7)

1. A compressor for refrigerant fluids, of the type comprising a crankshaft which is rotatably mounted upright in use in a casing defining a horizontal cylinder of the compressor, the shaft including a pair of main journals, one of which is located above the crank pin and is rotatable in an upper main bearing fixed in the casing, and wherein the shaft is supported axially in the casing by an axial thrust bearing which comprises an annular element of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which is rotatable with the upper main journal of the shaft and has a flat lower radial surface, and, a flat radial surface which is machined on the upper main bearing and upon which the lower surface of the annular element bears.
2. A compressor according to claim 1, in which the annular element comprises a washer having flat faces, and which is interposed between the radial surface of the upper main bearing and an overlying annular shoulder carried by the upper main journal and rotating with the journal, and including means for mutually engaging the washer and shoulder to impart rotation to the washer.
3. A compressor according to claim 2, characterised in that the washer has a peripheral radial projection and the annular shoulder comprises a resilient split ring engaged in a groove in the upper main journal, the ring having at one end of its circumference a downwardly-bent appendage which engages the radial projection of the washer.
4. A compressor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular element is made from a synthetic material.
5. A compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that the synthetic material is a phenolic resin.
6. A compressor according to claim 4 or 5 characterized in that the synthetic material contains a filling of a solid lubricant.
7. A compressor according to claim 1, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB8119965A 1980-06-30 1981-06-29 Improvements in compressors for refrigerant fluids Expired GB2079864B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT68027/80A IT1128837B (en) 1980-06-30 1980-06-30 IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPRESSORS FOR REFRIGERATING FLUIDS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2079864A true GB2079864A (en) 1982-01-27
GB2079864B GB2079864B (en) 1984-02-22

Family

ID=11307296

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8119965A Expired GB2079864B (en) 1980-06-30 1981-06-29 Improvements in compressors for refrigerant fluids

Country Status (8)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5738680A (en)
BR (1) BR8104123A (en)
DE (1) DE3125742A1 (en)
DK (1) DK162612C (en)
ES (1) ES8204086A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2485644B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2079864B (en)
IT (1) IT1128837B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496151A2 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Matsushita Refrigeration Company Hermetically sealed compressor
FR2734604A1 (en) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-29 Tecumseh Products Co THRUST BEARING DEVICE FOR REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR
WO2014194974A1 (en) * 2013-06-08 2014-12-11 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Valve

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES8700391A1 (en) * 1985-12-26 1986-10-16 Unidad Hermetica Sa Lubrication of sealed compressors
IT238831Y1 (en) * 1995-01-20 2000-11-15 Zanussi Elettrodomestici HERMETIC ALTERNATIVE COMPRESSOR
DE10053575C1 (en) * 2000-10-28 2002-06-06 Danfoss Compressors Gmbh Piston compressors, especially hermetically sealed refrigerant compressors
JP2004245073A (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-09-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electric compressor
ES2712737T3 (en) * 2016-05-04 2019-05-14 Groz Beckert Kg Textile tool module and textile machine with a textile tool module

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE917110C (en) * 1938-10-30 1954-08-26 Albert Ag Chem Werke Plain bearings with plastic film
US2312596A (en) * 1940-02-27 1943-03-02 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
DE1058317B (en) * 1957-01-31 1959-05-27 Orbis G M B H Longitudinal bearing arrangement
FR1413563A (en) * 1964-11-05 1965-10-08 Siemens Ag Axial sliding bearing
US3295753A (en) * 1965-01-04 1967-01-03 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
DE1601021A1 (en) * 1967-07-08 1970-05-21 Danfoss As Small refrigeration machine
DE1601054A1 (en) * 1968-02-08 1970-05-14 Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh Small refrigeration compressors, in particular electric plunger compressors
CA929573A (en) * 1969-07-03 1973-07-03 Vandervell Products Limited Bearings
JPS4920891U (en) * 1972-05-22 1974-02-21
DE2318970C3 (en) * 1973-04-14 1984-07-05 Hinrichs Gmbh, 2054 Geesthacht Flying scissors or punch for running material
JPS5311710U (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-01-31

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0496151A2 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Matsushita Refrigeration Company Hermetically sealed compressor
EP0496151A3 (en) * 1991-01-22 1994-06-08 Matsushita Refrigeration Hermetically sealed compressor
EP0727579A1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1996-08-21 Matsushita Refrigeration Company Hermetically sealed compressor
FR2734604A1 (en) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-29 Tecumseh Products Co THRUST BEARING DEVICE FOR REFRIGERATION COMPRESSOR
WO2014194974A1 (en) * 2013-06-08 2014-12-11 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Valve
US9791061B2 (en) 2013-06-08 2017-10-17 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK162612B (en) 1991-11-18
DK162612C (en) 1992-04-06
FR2485644A1 (en) 1981-12-31
JPS5738680A (en) 1982-03-03
IT8068027A0 (en) 1980-06-30
DE3125742C2 (en) 1990-07-05
ES503499A0 (en) 1982-04-16
FR2485644B1 (en) 1985-08-02
DK280681A (en) 1981-12-31
GB2079864B (en) 1984-02-22
DE3125742A1 (en) 1982-03-18
JPH0135191B2 (en) 1989-07-24
BR8104123A (en) 1982-03-16
IT1128837B (en) 1986-06-04
ES8204086A1 (en) 1982-04-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PE20 Patent expired after termination of 20 years

Effective date: 20010628