GB2079101A - Ultrasonic transducers - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2079101A GB2079101A GB8118900A GB8118900A GB2079101A GB 2079101 A GB2079101 A GB 2079101A GB 8118900 A GB8118900 A GB 8118900A GB 8118900 A GB8118900 A GB 8118900A GB 2079101 A GB2079101 A GB 2079101A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- lamina
- piezoelectric material
- bonded
- bond
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
- B06B1/0666—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface used as a diaphragm
Abstract
An ultrasonic transducer including a lamina (1) of piezelectric material bonded to a diaphragm, (3) wherein the contacting face of either the lamina of piezoelectric material or the diaphragm is divided into an array of elements (6) being of a depth such as to render the bond flexible enough to absorb stresses arising from differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric material and the diaphragm thereby to prevent failure of the bond between the lamina and the diaphragm. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to ultrasonic transducers
The present invention relates to transducers for the generation and reception of ultrasonic vibrations.
A form of transducer for use in an hostile environment such as a corrosive fluid consists of a piezoelectric element which is bonded to a metal diaphragm which also forms part of a chemically inert casing for the piezoelectric element. A problem which can arise in the construction of such transducers is that the difference between the thermal coefficients of expansion of the piezoelectric material and the metal diaphragm leads to failure of the bond between the two if the transducer is caused to go through cyclic changes in temperature.
According to the present invention there is provided an ultrasonic transducer including a lamina of piezoelectric material bonded to a diaphragm wherein the contacting face of either the lamina of piezoelectric material or the diaphragm is divided into an array of elements being of a depth such as to render the bond flexible enough to absorb stresses arising from differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric material and the diaphragm thereby to prevent failure of the bond between the lamina and the diphragm.
Preferably the piezoelectric material is lithium niobate.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a diagrammatic section of an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the drawing, a lamina 1 of lithium niobate for use in an ultrasonic transducer has bonded to one surface 2 a diaphragm 3 made of the nickel-steel alloy known as Nilo 36. The bonding agent is a braze 4 made of an alloy of silver and manganese. The lamina 1 is about 1 mum thick and has a diameter of 1 Omm. It is cut from a single crystal and is cut in the plane known as 36Y. The diaphragm 3 is 1.5mm thick and has a diameter of 1 2.5mm. The face of the diaphragm 3 which is bonded to the lamina 1 is divided by a grid of orthogonal slots 5 0.25mm wide and 0.75mm in depth into an array of separate elements 6 about 0.5mm square.The elements 6 of the diaphragm 3 are sufficiently flexible in directions parallel to the surface of the lamina 1 to be able to deflect in response to stresses arising from the difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the lithium niobate of the lamina 1 and the Nilo 36 of the diaphragm 3 over a range of about 1 000'C, so that the mechani cal strength of the bond between the lamina 1 and the diaphragm 3 is not exceeded.
The annulus of diaphragm 3 around the periphery of the lamina 1 enables it to be mounted in a liquid-tight metal case 7, which is indicated only very generally.
1. An ultrasonic transducer including a lamina of piezoelectric material bonded to a diaphragm wherein the contacting face of either the lamina of piezoelectric material or the diaphragm is divided into an array of elements being of a depth such as to render the bond flexible enough to absorb stresses arising from differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric material and the diaphragm thereby to prevent failure of the bond between the lamina and the diaphragm.
2. A transducer according to Claim 1 wherein the piezoelectric material is lithium niobate.
3. A transducer according to Claim 2 wherein the piezoelectric element is bonded to a diaphragm made of a nickel-steel alloy.
4. A transducer according to Claim 3 wherein the piezoelectric element is bonded to the diaphragm by means of a braze made of an alloy of silver and manganese.
5. A transducer substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (5)
1. An ultrasonic transducer including a lamina of piezoelectric material bonded to a diaphragm wherein the contacting face of either the lamina of piezoelectric material or the diaphragm is divided into an array of elements being of a depth such as to render the bond flexible enough to absorb stresses arising from differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric material and the diaphragm thereby to prevent failure of the bond between the lamina and the diaphragm.
2. A transducer according to Claim 1 wherein the piezoelectric material is lithium niobate.
3. A transducer according to Claim 2 wherein the piezoelectric element is bonded to a diaphragm made of a nickel-steel alloy.
4. A transducer according to Claim 3 wherein the piezoelectric element is bonded to the diaphragm by means of a braze made of an alloy of silver and manganese.
5. A transducer substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8118900A GB2079101B (en) | 1980-06-26 | 1981-06-19 | Ultrasonic transducers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8021042 | 1980-06-26 | ||
| GB8118900A GB2079101B (en) | 1980-06-26 | 1981-06-19 | Ultrasonic transducers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2079101A true GB2079101A (en) | 1982-01-13 |
| GB2079101B GB2079101B (en) | 1984-04-11 |
Family
ID=26276015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8118900A Expired GB2079101B (en) | 1980-06-26 | 1981-06-19 | Ultrasonic transducers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2079101B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4638205A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1987-01-20 | Tdk Electronics Co., Ltd. | Piezo-electric transducer |
| US5039899A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1991-08-13 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric transducer |
| WO2018224325A1 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor |
-
1981
- 1981-06-19 GB GB8118900A patent/GB2079101B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4638205A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1987-01-20 | Tdk Electronics Co., Ltd. | Piezo-electric transducer |
| US5039899A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1991-08-13 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric transducer |
| WO2018224325A1 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor |
| CN110709175A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-01-17 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2079101B (en) | 1984-04-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |