GB2071730A

GB2071730A - Improvements in or relating to cavity closures

Info

Publication number: GB2071730A
Application number: GB8102877A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1980-02-02
Filing date: 1981-01-29
Publication date: 1981-09-23
Also published as: GB2071730B

Abstract

This invention relates to cavity closures for closing the cavity 3 of a cavity wall 4, 5 and which are particularly suitable for use in connection with replacement frames 6 of doors and windows. The closure consists of a first extrusion (1) which reduces heat-transfer through the closure, and a second extrusion (2) which serves to clip the first extrusion to the replacement window or door frame. The first extrusion may reduce heat-transfer solely because it is constructed to form a plurality of air- spaces, or it may be formed with means for supporting insulating material such as a plastics foam. The shape of the second extrusion will depend on the type of window or door frame with which it is to be used, and various embodiments are described which may be fitted to wooden, steel or aluminium frames. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to cavity closures This invention relates to cavity closures for cavity walls of the kind described and claimed in Patent Specification No. 1 399 456.

The cavity closures described in the said Specification are suitable for use in the erection of new buildings, but may not always be convenient for use when replacement doors or windows are being fitted in existing buildings.

Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a cavity closure which is particularly suitable for use in connection with replacement doors and windows.

From one aspect the invention consists in a cavity closure for a cavity wall comprising a first longitudinally extending extrusion provided with, or itself adapted to provide, means for reducing heat-transfer through the closure, and also provided with an integral flange on the side thereof destined to face outward of the cavity, said flange projecting towards the inner leaf of said cavity wall; and a second longitudinally extending extrusion which includes a channel portion adapted to embrace said flange and an attachment portion adapted to be secured to a window or door frame.

It is to be understood that, when the first extrusion is provided with heat-transfer reducing means, the cross-section of the extrusion may include one or more channel portions or enclosed spaces arranged to receive insulating material such as a plastics foam or expanded polystyrene.

When the first extrusion is itself adapted to provide the heat-transfer reducing means, the cross-section of the extrusion may define an enclosed insulating space or a plurality of enclosed insulating spaces. In this case, heattransfer through the closure may be reduced by the insulating property of the air in the enclosed space or spaces.

Preferably the first and second extrusions consist of synthetic resin material such, for example, as polyvinylchloride.

It is to be understood that cavity closures in accordance with the invention may be required to be used with replacement doors and windows in which the frames consist of varying materials and have varying shapes. Nevertheless, it is possible in all cases to use a first extrusion having a standard cross-section. It is only necessary for the crosssection of the second extrusion to be varied in accordance with the material and shape of the frame to which it is to be secured.

In the case of wooden doors or windows, it is preferable to secure the second extrusion to the inner face of the frame. For this purpose, the cross-section of the second extrusion may include a flat intermediate portion extending at rightangles to a flat attachment portion, and one side of the channel portion may be formed by an extension of the intermediate portion. Thus the cross-section includes a narrow portion extending at right-angles from the intermediate portion at the opposite edge to the attachment portion and forming the base of the channel; and a further portion extending parallel to the intermediate portion from the edge of the base portion and forming the other side of the channel.

In the case of aluminium door and window frames, it is preferable that the attachment portion of the second extrusion is a snap-fit on a portion of the frame. Thus the extrusion may again include an intermediate portion between the channel portion and the attachment portion, but, in this case, the attachment portion may itself be in the form of a channel portion. The cross-section of the second extrusion will then be generally Z-shaped with the bases of the two channels extending in opposite directions from respective edges of the intermediate portion. If desired, the cross-section of the second extrusion may include a plurality of spaced attachment portions to enable it to be used with a number of different types of window or door frame.

When a cavity closure in accordance with the invention is to be used with a standard steelframed door or window, it is preferable that the attachment portion should be designed to be bolted to the metal frame. In this case, the attachment portion of the second extrusion is L-shaped with one arm extending at right-angles from a flat intermediate portion, and the other arm extending at right-angles to said first arm and parallel to said intermediate portion. Holes are provided in said other arm to receive bolts for securing this arm to a corresponding portion of the metal frame.

Preferably the first extrusion is formed with a second flange, or a pair of second flanges, which may be coplanar with the first-mentioned flange, and which may extend towards the inner or the outer leaf of the cavity wall. When two second flanges are provided, one will extend towards the inner leaf and one towards the outer leaf. This second flange, or these second flanges, may be used to secure the first extrusion to one or both leaves of the cavity wall. For this purpose, holes may be provided in the second flange, or flanges, and the closure may be secured to the respective leaf, or leaves, for example, by means of nails or screws passing through the holes in the second flange, or flanges, into the bricks or other material of the wall.It is to be understood that, in use, the first extrusion is initially secured to the cavity wall, and the new frame can be clipped on afterwards by means of the second extrusion.

Methods of performing the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of part of a first embodiment of the invention used in connection with a wooden window frame; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a part of a second embodiment of the invention used in connection with a wooden window frame; Figure 3 is a section through one side of a window opening showing a cavity closed by a third embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 is a cross-section of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3 showing the component parts of the cavity closure separated; Figure 5 is a section through one side of a window opening showing a cavity closed by a fourth embodiment of the invention; Figure 6 is a cross-section of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 without the second extrusion;; Figure 7 is a section through one side of a window opening showing a fifth embodiment of the invention in use in connection with a steel window frame; Figure 8 is a section through one side of a window opening showing a sixth embodiment of the invention in use in connection with an aluminium window frame; Figure 9 is a cross-section of an alternative form of second extrusion for use in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 8; Figure 10 is a section through one side of a window opening showing a seventh embodiment of the invention in use in connection with a wooden window frame; Figure 11 is a cross-section of the first extrusion of an eighth embodiment of the invention; and Figure 12 is a cross-section of the first extrusion of a ninth embodiment of the invention.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 1 includes a first synthetic resin material extrusion 1 and a second synthetic resin material extrusion 2. Each of these extrusions may consist, for example, of polyvinylchloride. This embodiment is illustrated as closing a cavity 3 between the outer leaf 4 and the inner leaf 5 of a cavity wall in which there is provided a window opening receiving a wooden window frame of which one upright member 6 is illustrated in Figure 1.

The first extrusion 1 of the cavity closure includes a flange 7 which is secured to the outer leaf 4 of the cavity wall, for example, by means of screws such as that illustrated at 8. It will be seen that the flange 7 is attached to a main box-like section 9 of the extrusion by means of a relatively short projection 10, and that the extrusion is so formed that a relatively large part of the flange 7 projects forwardly of the projection 10 while a relatively smaller part projects rearwardly.

The extrusion is formed with two further flanges 1 1 and 12. These flanges are joined to the main box-like section 9 by means of respective projections 13 and 14 and, in this case, the forward extent of each of the flanges from the respective projection is the same as the rearward extent.

The first extrusion is also formed with two small rearward projections 15 and 16 which, together with the forward face of the rear leaf of the cavity wall and one wall of the box-like section 9, forms a longitudinally extending air-space. The extrusion is also formed with two members 17 and 18 projecting into the cavity, which members are not used in this particular embodiment. The first extrusion is also formed with a diagonal projection 19.

Reference has already been made to the boxlike section 9, and it will be seen that this section is filled with insulating material 20 which may be, for example, foamed polystyrene.

The second extrusion 2 includes an intermediate flat portion 23, a forward flange 24 and a channel portion 25. The second extrusion is attached to the wooden frame 6 by means of screws such as those illustrated at 26 and 27 passing through suitable holes in the flange 24.

Further, channel portion 25 embraces the rearfacing edge of the flange 11 of the first extrusion.

Thus the first extrusion may be initially secured to the outer leaf 4 of the cavity wall by means of the screws 8, and the second extrusion may be secured to the window frame after the window frame has been placed in position. Alternatively, the second extrusion may be secured to the window frame before the window frame is placed in position and the second extrusion may then be clipped to the first extrusion when the window frame is placed in position.

As shown, the inside surface of the inner leaf 5 and the cavity closure is rendered with plaster 28 which is returned to the inside surface of the window frame thus covering the second extrusion 2.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2 is generally similar to that illustrated in Figure 1 except that the forwardly-projecting part of the flange 7 is omitted. In this case, the first extrusion 1 is secured to the outer leaf 4 of the cavity wall by means of wall-ties such as that illustrated at 31. These wall-ties include a longitudinally extending portion 32 at the forward end of which is a cross-piece 33, and at the rearward end of which is a cross-piece 34 formed on a short lateral extension. The cross-piece 34 is adapted to locate in the channel formed by the members 1 7 and 1 8. A part of the longitudinally extending member 32 and the cross-piece 33 are located in the mortar between two bricks of the outer leaf 4.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure 3 is generally similar to those illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 except that, in this case, the first extrusion 1 is secured to the inner leaf of the cavity wall and not to the outer leaf. For this purpose, the extrusion 1 is formed with a flange 41 which is attached to the main box-like section 42 of the extrusion by means of laterally-projecting walls 43 and 44 which, together with the flange 41 and part of the wall of the box-like section 42, form another enclosed space 45.

In the particular embodiment of the invention, the two enclosed spaces are left empty, and the air in these spaces is used as the main insulating material.

Figure 4 illustrates the first extrusion 1 and the second extrusion 2 separated so as to indicate the manner in which the second extrusion may be clipped in position after the window frame has been erected.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 is generally similar to that illustrated in Figure 3 except that, in this case, the first extrusion 1 is secured not only to the inner leaf of the cavity wall, but also to the outer leaf. For this purpose, the extrusion 1 is formed with a flange 46 in addition to the flange 41. The flange 46 is secured to the outer leaf, for example, by means of screws such as that shown at 47, while the flange 41 is secured to the inner leaf, for example, by means of screws such as that shown at 48. The cavity closure is secured to the wooden window frame 6 by means of a second extrusion 2 which is identical to the extrusion 2 illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.Once again, the inner surface of the inner leaf and the whole of the cavity closure is covered by plaster 28. (Figure 6 illustrates the first extrusion 1 of Figure 5 in cross-section.) The embodiment illustrated in Figure 7 is generally similar to those illustrated in Figures 3 to 6 except that, in this case, the first extrusion 1 is secured to the outer leaf of the cavity wall. For this purpose, the extrusion 1 is formed with the flange 46 of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. However, the flange 41 is omitted together with two of the walls forming the enclosed space 45 of Figures 3 and 5. Further, in this particular embodiment, the extrusion 2 has a different shape to enable it to be fastened to one upright 50 of a steel-framed window. As can be seen, the extrusion includes an additional portion 51 extending at right angles to the flange 24.The portion 51 is secured to the metal frame 50 by means of nuts and bolts such as are shown at 52.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure 8 is generally similar to that illustrated in Figure 7 except that, in this case, the extrusion 2 is adapted to be clipped to one upright 60 of an aluminium window frame. For this purpose, it will be seen that the extrusion is formed with a portion 61 extending at right angles to the outer end of the intermediate portion 23, and with two lips 62 and 63. These portions together embrace a complementary lip formed on the window frame 60.

Figure 9 illustrates a modification of the extrusion 2 which is designed so that it can be used with a number of different types of aluminium-framed window. It will be seen that, in this case, in addition to the lips 62 and 63, further lips 62a, 63a, 62b and 63b are provided, and any pair of these lips can be used to embrace a corresponding portion of an aluminium-framed window. In this connection, it is of course, to be understood that the extrusion 2 illustrated in Figure 8, or the extrusion 2 illustrated in Figure 9, can be used in combination with any of the first extrusions illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 when the cavity closure is to be used in combination with an aluminium-framed window. Similar remarks apply to the second extrusion illustrated in Figure 7 which can be used in combination with any of the first extrusions of Figures 1 to 6 when a steelframed window is required.

When an even greater degree of insulation is required than can be given by the cavity closures illustrated in Figures 1 to 9, an additional series of spaces separated by additional walls may be used in the first extrusion. Preferably the spaces contain air but, if desired, they may contain a synthetic resin foam, expanded polystyrene, or other material having good insulating properties.

If desired, the enclosed spaces may be formed in a generally box-like extrusion, the interior of the box being divided up into a plurality of spaces by perpendicular walls. Thus the outer section of the box could be substantially square, and the individual spaces could also be square. However, if desired, at least parts of the outer walls of the box may be omitted, particularly if the cross-section of the extrusion is so dimensioned that it extends across the full width of the cavity. In this case, at least part of the outer walls of the box may be constituted by the adjacent faces of the inner and outer leaves of the cavity wall.

In the extreme case, the extrusion itself will define only a single enclosed space which may, for example, be square. The extrusion may then define only three sides of a number of remaining spaces.

Preferably the open sides of at least some of these spaces are closely adjacent to the inner and outer leaves of the cavity wall.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 10, the first extrusion includes three enclosed air spaces 71, 72 and 73. It also includes two spaces 74 and 75 of which the extrusion defines only three sides, the remaining side being defined respectively by the outer and inner surfaces of the inner and outer leaves of the cavity wall. Finally, the extrusion includes an air space 76 in which three sides and a part of a fourth side are defined by the extrusion.

As in the embodiments described with reference to Figures 1, 5, 7 and 8, the first extrusion also includes a flange 77 by means of which the first extrusion can be secured to the outer leaf of the cavity wall. This flange is formed with a rearwardly extending lip 78 which is embraced by the channel section of the second extrusion 79 which is generally similar to the second extrusions of Figures 3, 4 and 5.

If even greater insulation is required, the first extrusion can be formed with additional air spaces as indicated by the broken lines.

Figure 11 illustrates a further embodiment in which the first extrusion includes a cylindrical wall 81 and four walls 82,83,84 and 85 which extend diagonally across the cavity. The right-hand ends of the walls 84 and 85 as seen in Figure 11 are closed by a flange 86 which has a rearwardly extending lip 87 adapted to be embraced by the channel section of the second extrusion. It is, of course, to be understood that, if the cavity closure is to be used in connection with wooden window frames, the second extrusion will be generally as shown in Figure 10, whereas, if the cavity closure is to be used with a steel-framed window, the second extrusion would be as illustrated in Figure 7, and, if the closure is to be used with an aluminium window frame, the second extrusion would be as illustrated in Figure 8 or Figure 9.

The right-hand ends of the walls 82 and 83 are connected by a flange 88 which extends rearwardly to enable the first extrusion to be secured to the inner leaf of the cavity wall.

It will be seen that this particular configuration provides a total of eleven separate enclosed air spaces so that its insulating properties are particularly good.

Figure 12 illustrates yet another possible shape for the first extrusion of a cavity closure in accordance with the invention. In this particular arrangement there is only a single enclosed space as indicated at 91. This enclosed space is filled with insulating material 92 such as expanded polystyrene. The space 91 is enclosed by four walls 93, 94, 95 and 96, each of which has two extensions projecting beyond the junction of the adjacent wa!ls. The two right-hand extensions 97 and 98 terminate in respective flanges 99 and 100. Either, or both, of these flanges can be used to secure the extrusion to the cavity wall. It can be seen that the flange 99 is also formed with a rearwardly extending lip 101 to engage in the channel of a second extrusion used to fasten the closure to a window frame.

Claims

1. A cavity closure for a cavity wall comprising a first longitudinally extending extrusion provided with, or itself adapted to provide, means for reducing heat-transfer through the closure, and also including an integral flange on the side thereof destined to face outward of the cavity, said flange projecting towards the inner leaf of said cavity wall; and a second longitudinally extending extrusion which includes a channel portion adapted to embrace said flange and an attachment portion adapted to be secured to a window or door frame.

2. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the first extrusion includes one or more portions arranged to receive insulating material.

3. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 2, wherein said insulating material is a plastics foam or expanded polystyrene.

4. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the first extrusion defines one or more enclosed air spaces adapted to reduce heattransfer through the closure.

5. A cavity closure as claimed in any of the preceding Claims, wherein the first and second extrusions consist of synthetic resin material.

6. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 5, wherein said synthetic resin material is polyvinylchloride.

7. A cavity closure as claimed in any of the preceding Claims adapted for use with a wooden door or window frame, wherein the cross-section of the second extrusion includes a flat intermediate portion extending at right angles to a flat attachment portion, one side of the channel portion being formed by an extension of the intermediate portion.

8. A cavity closure as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6 adapted for use with an aluminium door or window frame, wherein the attachment portion of the second extrusion is in the form of a further channel portion.

9. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the cross-section of the second extrusion is generally Z-shaped with the bases the first and second channel portions extending in opposite directions from respective edges of a flat intermediate portion.

10. A cavity closure as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6 adapted for use with a steel-framed door or window, wherein the attachment portion of the second extrusion is L-shaped with one arm extending at right angles from a flat intermediate portion, and the other arm extending at right angles to said first arm and parallel to said intermediate portion.

11. A cavity closure as claimed in any of the preceding Claims, wherein the second extrusion includes a plurality of spaced attachment portions to enable it to be used with a number of different types of window or door frame.

12. A cavity closure as claimed in any of the preceding Claims, wherein the first extrusion is formed with a second flange coplanar with the first-mentioned flange and extending towards the outer leaf of the cavity wall.

13. A cavity closure as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 11, wherein the first extrusion is formed with a second flange coplanar with the first-mentioned flange and extending towards the inner leaf of the cavity wall.

14. A cavity closure as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 11, wherein the first extrusion is formed with a pair of second flanges coplanar with the firstmentioned flange, one of said second flanges extending towards the outer leaf of the cavity wall, and the other of said second flanges extending towards the inner leaf of said cavity wall.

15. A cavity closure as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 11, wherein the first extrusion is formed with a channel section on the side of the extrusion destined to face into the cavity, said channel section being adapted to receive a wall-tie.

16. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the first extrusion is generally box-like, the interior of the box being divided up into a plurality of spaces by perpendicular walls.

17. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 16, wherein the outer section of the box is substantially square and the individual spaces are also square in cross-section.

18. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 16 or Claim 17, wherein at least parts of the outer walls of the box are omitted, the respective spaces being at least partially closed when the cavity closure is in position in the cavity by the adjacent faces of the inner and outer leaves of the cavity wall.

19. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 18, wherein the first extrusion itself defines only a single enclosed space, and also defines three sides of a plurality of further spaces, the open sides of at least some of these further spaces being closely adjacent to the inner and outer leaves of the cavity wall when the cavity closure is in position in the cavity wall.

20. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the first extrusion includes a cylindrical wall and four walls which extend diagonally across the space enclosed by the cylindrical wall, and also extend outwardly from the cylindrical wall.

21. A cavity closure as claimed in Claim 20, wherein the ends of two of said diagonal walls are connected by a flange which has a rearwardly extending lip adapted to be embraced by the channel portion of the second extrusion.

22. A cavity closure substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as illustrated in, the accompanying diagrammatic drawings.

23. A building having a replacement door or window fitted in conjunction with a cavity closure as claimed in any of the preceding Claims.

24. Any features of novelty, taken singly or in combination, of the cavity closure as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings.