GB2070554A - Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2070554A GB2070554A GB8001812A GB8001812A GB2070554A GB 2070554 A GB2070554 A GB 2070554A GB 8001812 A GB8001812 A GB 8001812A GB 8001812 A GB8001812 A GB 8001812A GB 2070554 A GB2070554 A GB 2070554A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- load
- vessel
- lifting
- cushion
- lines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/16—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of lifts or hoists
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/02—Devices for facilitating retrieval of floating objects, e.g. for recovering crafts from water
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
A method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel, comprising a dual spring system, one part of which is suspended from support means such as a part of the platform and the other part of which is provided on the vessel. The load 9 is supported on a resiliently deformable cushion 21 on the vessel 7 and for transport from the shore to the platform is rigidly secured to the vessel with the cushion in a deformed state and at arrival beneath the platform, lift lines 11, 13 preferably in the form of several multi- fall lines 15, 17 are lowered from the platform and connected to the load. Once connection has been achieved, means securing the load to the vessel are released, apart from horizontal restraints, the lifting lines are drawn in and once the load is lifted free of the vessel the horizontal restraints are also released. Any vertical movement of the vessel which might normally result in the vessel colliding with the underside of the load is absorbed within acceptable limites by the lifting lines acting as springs and the cushion. In this way, extremely heavy loads can be raised onto the platform by lifting equipment having a combined lifting capacity which is less than the weight of the load. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel
This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel and is particularly designed for transferring heavy loads from the deck of a supply ship to a marine installation such as an oil drilling rig or supply platform (hereinafter called platform).
In such marine platforms, it is often necessary to install special equipment at awkward locations where use of a dock or derrick crane is impractical.
In the past, the equipment has been transported from the shore by supply ship to the platform in small parts and has then been assembled on the platform either in situ or on the platform deck,
whereupon it is moved into position, probably with considerable difficulty. Obviously, space is at a premium on platforms and labour is extremely expensive and there are therefore disadvantages in assembling the equipment on the platform.
Up until now, it has proved impossible to assemble the equipment on shore, take it out to the platform on a supply ship, and then lift it off the supply ship, because of the weight and sheer size of the assembled equipment. While the platform may possess lifting equipment capable of lifting the heavy weight, it has not proved possible to lift such weights off supply ships, because even in moderate seas as the ship will be rolling and pitching and moving up and down through around 8 ft or more. Even though it might be possible to rig one or more lifting line(s), the chances are that once lifting occurred, the supply ship would fall away and immediately rise up again and strike the
equipment as it was being lifted with such a force that the equipment, which could be extremely valuable, would be damaged beyond repair, or more likely the supply ship would be holed and would sink.Even if the sea conditions were such that it would prove possible to lift the heavy load with the main lifting equipment of the platform off the supply ship, the main lifting equipment is also invariably so positioned on the platform that it is impossible to place the assembled equipment in the correct location on the platform.
We have now developed a method and apparatus by means of which heavy assembled equipment, i.e. a heavy load, can be lifted off a supply ship even in moderate (or reasonable) seas without risk of damage to the load or the supply ship and without having to use the main lifting equipment of the platform.
According to the present invention, we provide a method of lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel, comprising supporting the load on the vessel on one or more resiliently deformable cushions, securing the load to the vessel against movement in any direction, with the or each cushion in a deformed state, by securing means, locating the vessel beneath means from which one or more lifting lines depends, connecting the or each lifting line to the load, and subsequent thereto, first releasing the securing means and then drawing in the lifting line(s) so as to lift the load off the vessel, whereupon the lifting line(s) and/or the or each resiliently deformable cushion act as twin springs to absorb forces incurred between the vessel and the underside of the load in the event of the vessel rising upwards substantially and striking the underneath of the load.
Preferably, the securing means include means extending between the load and vessel to provide a vertical restraint between the load and vessel, and further generally horizontally extending securing straps.
Any desired number from one to about four may be connected to the load at spaced locations thereon and preferably the or each lifting line is multi-fall line with each line passing around pulley or sheave blocks connected respectively to the load and the means from which the or each line depends, each line being connected to the drum of a winch having a lifting capacity below the weight of the load.
Also according to the present invention, we provide apparatus for lifting a load off a floating vessel, said apparatus comprising one or more lifting lines connectable to the load and adapted to be supported from suitable support means and, for use on the vessel, at least one resiliently deformable cushion on which the load is supported with the cushion in a deformed state, and securing means to secure the load to the vessel, the securing means providing both vertical and horizontal restraint, the arrangement being such that when the or each lifting line is connected to the load, the securing means can be released to remove the vertical restraint on the load, whereupon the or each lifting line is tensioned thus allowing the load to be lifted upwardly so that it is supported by a twin spring system comprised of said one or more lifting lines and one or more cushions, whereupon the horizontal restraint can be moved from the load to enable it to be lifted free of the vessel by the or each lifting line.
Preferably, the load rests on one or more support stools secured to the vessel.
Preferably, the or each support stool is secured to the vessel by welding and the load is secured to the or each stool by welding. Preferably steel connector pieces are inserted between the load and stool, and welded to both the load and stool.
Preferably, also, the or each cushion is held steady by suitable securing means. In one construction, the securing means may comprise straps passing over the upper surface of the cushion and connected at each end to chains which themselves are then welded to the support stools or vessel in a taut state. It is preferred however to use means which can be fixed even when the cushion is not deformed. If the cushion is hollow, an angle iron chain or rope can be passed through it and the ends of the angle iron rop or chain can be welded to a suitable fixing point.
Preferably, horizontally extending securing straps extend fore and aft and to either side of the load and are secured by releasable coupling means to the vessel. If desired, they may be releasably connected to winches on the deck of the vessel. In this way, after the or each lifting line has been connected to the load the load is disconnected, from the stool, preferably by cutting out the connector pieces, completely, and during this operation the load is still secured to the vessel by the securing straps, which of course, will still provide some vertical restrain while the welds are burnt away. Immediately the load moves off the or each stool, so the or each lifting line is tensioned and the straps are immediately released so that the load can be lifted up onto the means from which the or each lifting line depends.
Normally this means will comprise a portion of an
oil rig or drilling platform.
Preferably, the lifting lines are connected to the
drums of suitable winches and if desired, the
lifting lines may be guided to the drums over
pulleys which may be supported in the manner described in our co-pending patent application No.
Preferably, the resiliently deformable cushion comprises a hollow rubber marine fender.
However, other types of cushion could be provided, such as a pile of rubber mats, or a pneumatic fender.
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGURE 1 is a side elevation showing a load suspended from a horizontal truss of a marine platform, just above a supply vessel on which the load was delivered to the platform;
FIGURE 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing the load in two different lifted positions;
FIGURE 3 is an enlarged section through the load showing the support stool and a resiiient deformable cushion on which the load is supported on the vessel, and
FIGURE 4 is a section on the line L-L of
Figure 3.
Referring to the drawings, there is shown therein part of a marine platform having a pair of horizontally extending trusses 3 supported on a leg 1 by means of a vertical stanchion 5. A supply ship or vessel 7 is shown located beneath one of the trusses, and in Figure 1 of load 9 which has just been removed from the deck 10 of the ship 7, is shown suspended from one of the trusses 3 by means of a pair of lifting lines 11 and 13 connected at their lower ends respectively by means of suitable sheave blocks and box heads 14 fitting onto a padeye one on each side of the load 9. At its forward end, the load 9 is supported by two further lifting lines 1 5, 1 7 each of which is connected to a central sheave block and box head 1 6 fitting onto a padeye near the centre of the load 9.A their upper ends, the lifting lines are connected to sheave blocks 1 8 which are themselves connected by shackles or box head fittings to padeyes on the truss 3. As shown, the two lifting lines 11 and 13 are 4-fall lines whereas the two lines 1 5 and 1 7 are 8-fall lines. The 8-fall line 1 5 is the primary lifting line, whereas the 8fall line 17 is kept slack during the initial part of the lifting operation and is brought into use at a later stage of the lifting operation so as to swing the load 9 to the positions shown in Figure 2. During the lifting operation, the load is steadied by one or more tugger lines 1 9 and is moved finally to the
Figure 2 broken line position by a pull-in line 21.
The lines 11,13,15 and 17 are hauled-in by suitable winches (not shown) mounted at locations which may be remote from the anchorage points on the truss 3 for the sheave blocks.
Referring now particularly to Figures 3, 4 and 1, the load 9 is transported from the shore to the platform on the deck 10 of the ship 7 and is specially supported on the deck so as to make its transfer to the platform possible. Accordingly, when the load is placed on the deck 10, it is supported on one or more resiliently deformable cushions 21 which may be of any construction but as shown, are formed of traditional marine rubber fender material.Although it is envisaged that the or each cushion could be supported directly on the deck of the ship, in the construction shown, the cushions are supported on support stools 23 which are firmly secured to the deck 1 0. As shown, the support stools are welded directly to the deck after removal of the necessary deck timbers and each cushion 21 is placed on a suitable support surface 25 on the stool and located in that position by wooden wedges 27. Each cushion 21 is shown held in position by means of straps 29, the ends of which are connected to chains 31.
When the load 9 is placed in position, so the cushions 21 will be moved from the normal position (shown in outline in Figure 3) to a deformed position (shown in full lines in Figure 3), whereupon the chains 31 are tightened and fixed in position, for example, by welding, so as largely to immobilise the resiliency of the cushion.
However, it is preferred to use some other type of cushion securing means which need not be passed over the top of the cushion and affect its resiliency. For example, an angle iron, rope or bar (not shown) can be passed through the cushion and welded to the stool 23. What is more, when the load is in position on the stools 23, it must be securely fixed to the deck 10 and although different fixing methods are possible, it is preferred physically to weld the load to the stools 23. In order to do this, suitable steel connector pieces 33, 35 are cut to fit between the underside of the load 9 and the upper surface of the stool 23 and are then welded to the load and stool. Then suitable securing lines (not shown) are placed transversely and lengthwise across the load 9 and are secured to the vessel in a taut condition with the aid of quick release devices, e.g. the ship's winches, so as to provide horizontal restraints on the load.
When the loaded vessel arrives at the platform, it is located as near as possible beneath the location at which the load is to be placed on the platform and the lifting lines 11, 13. 15 and 17 are then lowered from the platform and are connected to the padeyes previously provided on the load in known manner. The lifting lines can then be tensioned by operating suitable winches on the platform and provided the lifting lines are of suitable length, which in the illustrated case is achieved by having multi-fall lines, these lines will act as springs. Before the lines are tensioned, however, flame cutters are used to release the load from the stools 23 (or if other means of attachment is used these are released) and the chains 31 are disconnected from the stools 23.
Normally, the connector pieces 33 are cut away completely, which may take about thirty minutes, and of course, during this operation the horizontal restraints on the load are maintained.
Once the vertical restraints on the load and the chains 31 are released, so the cushion 21 can act as a resiliently deformable spring and together with the lifting lines, which are now tensioned, a dual sprung support system for the load is provided. It has been found that such a support system is adequate in heavy seas to prevent damage both to the load 9 and ship 7 in the event of the ship moving up and down as a result of heavy seas. As soon as the load 9 is lifted off the stools 23, the horizontal restraints provided by the securing lines are released, which means then that the ship 7 can move completely independently of the load 9 which will then be wholly under the influence of the upper spring provided by the lifting lines and the lower spring provided by the cushion(s) 21.Even in the event of the ship falling considerably below the load and then rising quickly and striking the underneath of the load, the upper and lower spring arrangements will absorb the shock forces and neither the load nor the ship will be damaged. It is important to remove the connector pieces 33, so as to avoid metal-tometal contact during the early part of the lifting operation.
Of course, as soon as the load is free of any restraint on the ship, the lifting lines are hauled.in as quickly as possible so as to raise the load and minimise the number of collisions between the load and the ship. It has been found that the dual spring arrangement provided by the lifting lines and cushion(s) is sufficient to control and absorb the dynamic and/or snatch forces which would otherwise occur in reasonable (i.e. moderate) sea conditions and it has been found that a load of say 1 50 tons, which might otherwise require a lifting port of at least 600 tons on the platform, can be achieved with the apparatus illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 by connecting the lifting lines to the drums of 20 ton load winches.Of course, the winches for the lines 11 and 13 will have to be operated at twice the speed of the winches for the lines 1 5 or 17 because of the relative number of falls. In other words, by having two compatible spring arrangements, one suspended from the truss 3 and the other supported on the ship 7, the dynamic and/or snatch forces which would normally be experienced by the load as a result of the ship 7 moving up and down, can be maintained within workable limits bearing in mind the size of the available lifting winches on the platform at unusual locations.
In the past it has always been considered completely impossible to lift loads of the order of magnitude of 150 tons from a supply ship onto a marine platform except in calm weather conditions using the main lifting gear on the platform. The present invention, however, has now proved that this is possible, firstly in reasonable or moderate seas and, secondly without using the main platform lifting gear.
It will of course be appreciated that the relationship between the spring forces provided by the lifting lines and that provided by the or each cushion 21 has to be calculated for each particular load.
Although the present invention has been particularly described in relation to the lifting of a load to an awkward location on a marine platform, it will be appreciated that it could be used to lift loads off the deck of a ship in many other circumstances using a completely different support means for the lifting lines.
Claims (27)
1. A method of lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel, comprising supporting the load on the vessel on one or more resiliently deformable cushions, securing the load to the vessel against movement in any direction, with the or each cushion in a deformed state, by securing means, locating the vessel beneath means from which one or more lifting lines depends, connecting the or each lifting line to the load, and subsequent thereto, first releasing the securing means sufficiently to remove vertical restraint on the load from the vessel and then drawing in the lifting line(s) so as to lift the load off the vessel, whereupon the lifting line(s) and/or the or each resiliently deformable cushion act as twin springs to absorb forces incurred between the vessel and the underside of the load in the event of the vessel rising upwards substantially and striking the underneath of the load.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the securing means include means extending between the load and vessel to provide a vertical restraint between the load and vessel, and further generally horizontally extending securing straps.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein about four lifting lines are connected to the load at spaced locations thereon.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the or each lifting line is a multi-fall line with each line passing around a pulley or sheave blocks connected respectively to the load and the means from which the or each line depends, each line being connected to the drum of a winch having a lifting capacity below the weight of the load.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1-4 wherein the securing means is provided by welding the load to the vessel and by straps extending from or across the load to points on the
vessel spaced from the load.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the
securing means are released by cutting said
welding.
7. A method according to any one of claims
1-6 wherein vertical restraint on the load from
the vessel is removed by cutting away part of the
supporting means for the load of the vessel so
that the cushions provide the sole support for the
load.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein after
the or each lifting line has been connected to the
load, the load is disconnected from the vessel by
cutting out connector pieces between the load
and vessel, during this operation keeping the load
still secured to the vessel by the securing straps,
which will still provide some vertical restraint
while the connector pieces are burnt away, and
tensioning the or each lifting line so that the load
moves off the vessel, whereupon the straps are
immediately released so that load can be lifted up
onto the means from which the or each lifting line
depends.
9. Apparatus for lifting a load off a floating
vessel, said apparatus comprising one or more
lifting lines connectable to the load and adapted to
be supported from suitable support means and, for
use on the vessel, at least one resiliently
deformable cushion on which the load is
supported with the cushion in a deformed state,
and securing means to secure the load to the
vessel, the securing means providing both vertical and horizontal restraint, the arrangement being such that when the or each lifting line is connected to the load, the securing means can be released to remove the vertical restraint on the load, whereupon the or each lifting line is
tensioned thus allowing the load to be lifted
upwardly so that it is supported by a twin spring
system comprised of said one or more lifting lines and one or more cushions, whereupon the horizontal restraint can be moved from the load to enable it to be lifted free of the vessel by the or each lifting line.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the load rests on one or more support stools secured to the vessel.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the or each support stool is secured to the vessel by welding.
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11 wherein the load is secured to the or each stool by welding.
13. Apparatus according to claim 10, 11 or 12
wherein steel connector pieces are inserted
between the load and stool, and welded to both the load and stool.
1 4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-1 3 wherein the or each cushion is held steady by suitable securing means.
1 5. Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the securing means comprise straps passing over the upper surface of the cushion and connected to
each end to chains which themselves are then welded to the support stools or vessel in a taut state.
1 6. Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the securing means can be fixed even when the cushion is not deformed.
1 7. Apparatus according to claim 1 6 wherein the cushion is hollow, and the securing means is an angle iron chain or rope which is passed through the cushion and wherein the ends of the angle iron, rope or chain are welded to a suitable fixing point.
1 8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-17 wherein horizontally extending securing straps extend fore and aft and to either side of the load and are secured by releasable coupling means to the vessel.
1 9. Apparatus according to claim 1 8 wherein the securing straps are releasably connected to winches on the deck of the vessel.
20. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-1 9 wherein the support means from which the or each lifting line depends comprises a portion of an oil rig or drilling platform.
21. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-20 wherein the lifting lines are connected to the drums of suitable winches.
22. Apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the lifting lines are guided to the drums over pulleys.
23. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-22 wherein the resiliently deformable cushion comprises a hollow rubber marine fender.
24. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-22 wherein the cushion is a pile of rubber mats.
25. Apparatus according to any one of claims 9-22 wherein the support means is a pneumatic fender.
26. Apparatus for lifting a load off a floating vessel, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
27. A method of lifting a heavy load from a vessel, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8001812A GB2070554A (en) | 1980-01-18 | 1980-01-18 | Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8001812A GB2070554A (en) | 1980-01-18 | 1980-01-18 | Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2070554A true GB2070554A (en) | 1981-09-09 |
Family
ID=10510742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8001812A Withdrawn GB2070554A (en) | 1980-01-18 | 1980-01-18 | Method and apparatus for lifting a heavy load from a floating vessel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2070554A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997029947A1 (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-21 | Kværner Maritime A.S | Method for transferring a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| NL2004337C2 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-06 | Outsmart B V | Method for use with maintenance of offshore wind turbines, and assembly comprising a vessel and a lift device. |
| CN107804432A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-16 | 泰兴市汇辰过滤器制造有限公司 | A kind of ship deck lift device |
-
1980
- 1980-01-18 GB GB8001812A patent/GB2070554A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997029947A1 (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-21 | Kværner Maritime A.S | Method for transferring a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| GB2325210A (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1998-11-18 | Kvaerner Maritime As | Method for transfering a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| AU704002B2 (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1999-04-01 | Kvaerner Maritime A.S | Method for transferring a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| GB2325210B (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 2000-01-19 | Kvaerner Maritime As | Method for transfering a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| US6024006A (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 2000-02-15 | Kvaerner Maritime As | Method for transferring a horizontally arranged rocket from a vessel to a floating structure located at sea |
| NL2004337C2 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-06 | Outsmart B V | Method for use with maintenance of offshore wind turbines, and assembly comprising a vessel and a lift device. |
| WO2011108933A1 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-09 | Outsmart B.V. | Method for use with maintenance of offshore wind turbines, and assembly comprising a vessel and a lift device |
| CN107804432A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-16 | 泰兴市汇辰过滤器制造有限公司 | A kind of ship deck lift device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |