GB2067275A - Combined refrigeration and heating system - Google Patents
Combined refrigeration and heating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2067275A GB2067275A GB7940358A GB7940358A GB2067275A GB 2067275 A GB2067275 A GB 2067275A GB 7940358 A GB7940358 A GB 7940358A GB 7940358 A GB7940358 A GB 7940358A GB 2067275 A GB2067275 A GB 2067275A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- cooling
- refrigerant
- primary
- sensing means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/005—Hot-water central heating systems combined with solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/027—Condenser control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Abstract
A refrigeration system 34 supplying cooled liquid through a pipe 24 uses cooling water passing through primary condenser 44 to heat a heating system including radiator 84. Secondary condenser 48 is coupled in series with condenser 44 and is cooled by one or more fans 50 which are controlled by temperature sensor 96 and pressure sensor 102 to provide any additional cooling necessary to ensure complete condensation of refrigerant. Alternatively an air-to-water cooler may be arranged in parallel with the heating system circuit to provide additional cooling as necessary on the return of the heating system. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Combined refrigeration and heating systems
This invention relates to combined refrigeration and heating systems.
The condenser of a refrigeration system is normally air or water cooled. To conserve fuel the heat thus removed from the condenser is utilized.
In the case of air this may be done by forming the condenser as a refrigerant coil located in an air handling unit or in ductwork so that heated air may be utilised for space heaTing, for example of an office or factory. It is normally more convenient however to employ 'water cooling and circulate water heated by the condenser around a closed circuit including one or more heat-exchange units such as conventional hot water radiators, duct mounted coils, fan-operated unit heaters or calorifiers. However the heat dissipated by the heating system may vary and if the amount of heat falls below a certain value the temperature of the water returning to the condenser will not be sufficiently low to cool the condenser adequately; the efficiency of the refrigeration system will consequently be impaired by the rise in condensation temperature.It is an object of the present invention to overcome this drawback of conventional combined refrigeration and heating systems.
A combined refrigeration and heating system according to the present invention comprises a refrigeration circuit including a condenser and a heating system utilizing heat taken from the condenser, sensing means for sensing when insufficient heat is being taken from the condenser to permit condensation of all refrigerant passing therethrough and cooling means responsive to said sensing means for additionally cooling the refrigerant to ensure complete condensation thereof.
The cooling means preferably take the form of a secondary condenser in series with the firstmentioned (primary) condenser. The secondary condenser is preferably situated externally so as to obtain the benefit of being cooled by the ambient air and cooling is preferably assisted by one or more fans which are variably operated by the control means to provide just sufficient additional cooling for adequate refrigeration to take place.
The sub-cooling of refrigerant which takes place in the secondary condenser considerably improves refrigeration efficiency.
Alternatively the cooling means may be an air to water cooler, again preferably externally located, and such a cooler may conveniently be incorporated in the circuit of a heating system coupled to a water-cooled condenser.
If desired a secondary condenser may be used in conjunction with an air to water cooler, but whether the cooling means comprise a single unit or a combination of units the total capacity thereof must be sufficient to compensate for any deficiency in the cooling capacity of the primary condenser, thus ensuring that the refrigeration system always works at maximum efficiency.
The sensing means may be arranged to detect the temperature of the cooling fluid leaving the primary condenser or the temperature and/or pressure of the refrigerant leaving the primary condenser. It is preferred to sense reductions in the temperature of the cooling fluid leaving the primary condenser and reduce the cooling capacity of the secondary condenser in accordance therewith and to sense increases in pressure of the coolant fluid and increase the cooling capacity accordingly.
Particularly where a hot water circuit is employed in the heating system, it is desirable in the interests of efficient heat transfer from the heating system to attain a high water temperature, say 1400 to 1800 F. The condensing temperature must therefore be correspondingly high. Such high temperatures may be achieved by using a refrigerant different from that for which the compressor was designed; for example by using R12 refrigerant with a compressor built for use with R22 or R502 refrigerant it is possible to attain condensing temperatures which are far higher than those which can safely be achieved by using the refrigerant recommended for the compressor.If high condensing temperatures are attempted with the use of the normal refrigerant, the maximum pressure differential that the compressor is designed to withstand will be exceeded, subjecting it to overload.
Some embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagram of a combined refrigeration and heating system according to a first embodiment;
Figure 2 is a wiring diagram for the system of
Fig. and Figure 3 is a detail on a larger scale showing a modification of the system of Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 1 cooling water to be circulated to a process is withdrawn from right hand compartment 10 of tank 12 by pump 14 and fed through duct 1 6 to a heat-exchanger 1 8 where it is chilled, the chilled water leaving the heat-exchanger through duct 20 and entering lefthand compartment 22 of tank 12. Chilled water is driven through pipe line 24 by pump 26 and returns, having performed its cooling function through pipeline 28 which discharges into righthand compartment 10. A by-pass line 30 for chilled water runs between pipelines 24 and 28.
The level of water in tank 14 is made-up through float-controlled make-up valve 30 and tank 12 may be drained through valve 32.
Heat-exchanger 1 8 constitutes one evaporator of a refrigeration system, the conventional components of which are enclosed within a chain dotted box 34. Refrigerant to air heat exchanger 36, in parallel with the heat-exchanger 18, constitutes the other evaporator of the system and refrigerant in the vapour state passes through line 38 to compressor 40 where it undergoes compression. Compressed refrigerant then passes along line 42 to primary condenser 44. A high condensing temperature is achieved by suitably chosing the combination of compressor and refrigerant: in the present case R 12 refrigerant is used with a compressor designed for R22.
After being condensed or partly condensed in the primary condenser 44 refrigerant flows along line 46 to secondary condenser 48 which is a low silhouette air cooled condenser with multiple propeller fans 50 and positioned externally, unlike the components of the refrigeration system within the box 34 which are located internally. (In an alternative arrangement condenser 48 forms part of th9 refrigeration system, all of whic is then located externally.)
After being sub-cooled in secondary condenser 48 liquid refrigerant passes through line 52, filter/drier 54 and sight glass 56 and from thence via line 58, incorporating thermal expansion valve 60, to heat-exchanger 18, and via line 62, incorporating thermal expansion valve 64, to heatexchanger 46; a hot gas by-pass line 66 connects lines 42 and 58 and has interposed therein hot gas cut-off valve 68 and hot gas by-pass valve 70.
A low pressure hot-water circuit comprises flow line 72 from, and return line 74 to, primary condenser 44; connected across the lines 72 and 74 are radiator 76, duct mounted coil 78, unit heater 80 and calorifier 82, each of the first three items being controllable by a three-way valve 84.
Flow line 72 incorporates a pump 86 and return line 74 is continued upwardly to feed expansion tank 88.
Secondary condenser 48 is controlled by a control system that will now be described with reference to Fig. 2. Pump 86 for the low pressure hot water circuit is controlled by switch 90 which is interlocked with selector switch 92 inserted in lead 94 which connects temperature sensor 96, positioned on return 74, to water temperature step controller 98. This comprises four camoperated switches 100 each controlling a motor of one of the fans 50 of secondary condenser 48 and actuated in sequence by a modulating motor which is responsive to signals from sensor 96.
Step controller 98 is arranged so that fans 50 are progressively switched off as the temperature falls to 1 200F and so that it recycles to close switches 100 when switch 92 is in the off position. A series of four pressure controls 102 are located on line 46 and arranged to switch on four fan starters 104 progressively as the pressure in line 46 increases above the saturated vapour pressure of the refrigerant at 1200F.
In operation, refrigerant performs a working cycle around the refrigeration system in the normal way evaporating in heat-exchanger 18 to cool water which is cycled to the process, and evaporating in heat-exchanger 36 to cool air. The heat of condensation of the refrigerant is removed from condenser 44 by the circulation of water around the hot water circuit, the heat being dissipated by radiator 76 and the three other units 78, 80 and 82. However if the units are shut-off or the ambient air is very warm the temperature of the water in return line 74 will rise above the designed value of 1200F and the condenser 44 will be insufficiently cooled; condensation of refrigerant therein will consequently not be complete. A manifestation of a higher temperature in return line 74 is a higher refrigerant pressure in line 46.This is sensed by the pressure control 102 which is arranged to be actuated at the lowest pressure of the four sensors and causes the associated fan starter 104 to be energised. The secondary air condenser 48 is then subject to additional cooling by one of the fans 50 and compensatory condensation takes place therein. If the pressure in line 46 continues to rise the remaining three pressure controls 102 will be successively actuated as the pressure reaches the value for which each control is set. The capacity of secondary condenser 48 is such that at maximum coddling, that is with all four fans 50 working, it ensures effective condensation of refrigerant even when primary condenser 44 is uncooled.
When the temperature of the water in return line 74 falls, step controller 98 is actuated so that the contacts 100 open successively cutting off fans 50 until, at a temperature of 1200 F, all the fans 50 are idle. In this state the hot water circuit provides adequate cooling for primary condenser 44 to function efficiently and all the heat removed therefrom is being utilized in the hot water circuit.
By the use of the above-described system in which both the refrigerant pressure and the temperature of the water in the hot water circuit are sensed, it can be ensured that the condensing pressure is kept just high enough to meet the heating demands of the hot water circuit. The method of control ensures that the complete system is always operating at optimum efficiency.
Fig. 2 shows a modification in which an externally mounted air to water cooler 106 coupled across flow pipe 72 and return pipe 74 replaces secondary condenser 48. A three-way diverter valve 108 responsive to a temperature sensor 110 in the return pipe 74 is arranged to divert hot water through cooler 106 when insufficient heat has been removed from the water in the hot water circuit to enable it to cool condenser 44 adequately. Fans 112 are arranged to be switched on simultaneously when diverter valve 108 is actuated to cause flow through cooler 106.
It will be appreciated that, in the performance of the present invention, any combination of air or water primary and secondary evaporators may be used, e.g., air-air, air-water or water-water; and that they may be connected in series or parallel.
Similarly any combination of primary and secondary condensers may be used.
Claims (20)
1. A combined refrigeration and heating circuit including a condenser, a heating system utilizing heat taken from the condenser, sensing means for sensing when insufficient heat is being taken from the condenser to permit condensation of all refrigerant passing therethrough and cooling means responsive to said sensing means for additionally cooling the refrigerant to ensure complete condensation thereof.
2. A system as claimed in Claim 1, in which transfer of heat from the condenser to the heating system is effected by circulation of a heat transfer fluid.
3. A system as claimed in Claim 2, in which the heating system and the condenser are arranged on a common circuit.
4. A system as claimed in Claim 1,2 or 3, in which the cooling means comprise a secondary condenser in series with respect to refrigerant flow with the first-mentioned (primary) condenser.
5. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the cooling means comprise a cooler arranged to cool fluid which has acquired heat by cooling the primary condenser.
6. A system as claimed in Claim 5, in which the rate of circulation of fluid through the cooler is arranged to vary in response to the sensing means.
7. A system as claimed in Claim 5 or 6, when directly or indirectly dependent on Claim 2 or 3, in which the cooler is arranged in parallel with the heating system circuit.
8. A system as claimed in any preceding claim and additionally comprising delivery means for delivering to the cooling means a flow of cooling fluid to remove heat therefrom.
9. A system as claimed in Claim 8, in which the rate of flow of the cooling fluid is arranged to vary in response to the sensing means.
10. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the cooling means are located externally.
11. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the sensing means are arranged to sense the temperature of cooling fluid leaving the primary condenser.
12. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the sensing means are arranged to sense the pressure of refrigerant leaving the primary condenser.
13. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the sensing means are arranged to sense the temperature of refrigerant leaving the primary condenser.
14. A system as claimed in Claim 11, in which the sensing means are arranged to sense reductions in the temperature of cooling fluid leaving the primary condenser and the cooling capacity of the cooling means is arranged to be reduced accordingly.
15. A system as claimed in Claim 12 or 14, in which the sensing means are arranged to sense increases in pressure of refrigerant leaving the primary condenser and the cooling capacity of the cooling means is arranged to be increased accordingly.
1 6. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which a high refrigerant condensation temperature is attained by using a refrigerant different from that for which the compressor of the refrigeration system was designed.
1 7. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the refrigeration system includes a primary and a secondary evaporator arranged in parallel.
18. A system as claimed in Claim 1 and substantially as herein described.
1 9. A combined refrigeration and heating system, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
20. The features as herein disclosed, or their equivalents, in any novel selection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940358A GB2067275B (en) | 1979-11-22 | 1979-11-22 | Combined refrigeration and heating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940358A GB2067275B (en) | 1979-11-22 | 1979-11-22 | Combined refrigeration and heating system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2067275A true GB2067275A (en) | 1981-07-22 |
| GB2067275B GB2067275B (en) | 1984-06-06 |
Family
ID=10509344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940358A Expired GB2067275B (en) | 1979-11-22 | 1979-11-22 | Combined refrigeration and heating system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2067275B (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0107495A2 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-05-02 | Trendpam Engineering Limited | Combined refrigeration and heating circuits |
| EP0138568A2 (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-04-24 | Cantherm Heating Ltd | Heat pump system |
| EP0152608A2 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-28 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Control method for a compound refrigeration plant |
| EP0239837A2 (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1987-10-07 | BROWN, BOVERI - YORK Kälte- und Klimatechnik | Method of recuperating the condensation heat of a refrigeration system, and refrigeration system for carrying out the method |
| GB2212604A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-07-26 | Toshiba Kk | External heat exchange unit |
| EP0431491A1 (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1991-06-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Heat pump type heating apparatus and control method thereof |
| EP1239241A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-11 | ITEM - Ind strias Térmicas Electromecanicas, Lta. | Evaporating system used in air-cooled thermal units for reducing air temperature |
| WO2003074953A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-12 | Risto Antero Ojala | Heat pump system |
| EP2762788A1 (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | Frenger Systemen BV Heiz- und Kühltechnik GmbH | energy transfer system |
| DE102010003915B4 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2015-11-19 | WESKA Kälteanlagen GmbH | Refrigeration system with heat recovery and method for operating the refrigeration system |
| US20170010051A1 (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-12 | Arriba Cooltech Limited | Combined heating and cooling systems |
-
1979
- 1979-11-22 GB GB7940358A patent/GB2067275B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4513580A (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1985-04-30 | Cooper Donald C | Combined refrigeration and heating circuits |
| EP0107495A3 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1985-09-18 | Trendpam Engineering Limited | Combined refrigeration and heating circuits |
| EP0107495A2 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-05-02 | Trendpam Engineering Limited | Combined refrigeration and heating circuits |
| EP0138568A2 (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-04-24 | Cantherm Heating Ltd | Heat pump system |
| EP0138568A3 (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1986-08-13 | Cantherm Heating Ltd | Heat pump system |
| EP0152608A2 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-28 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Control method for a compound refrigeration plant |
| EP0152608A3 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1986-04-09 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Control method for a compound refrigeration plant |
| EP0239837A3 (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1990-03-28 | BROWN, BOVERI - YORK Kälte- und Klimatechnik | Method of recuperating the condensation heat of a refrigeration system, and refrigeration system for carrying out the method |
| EP0239837A2 (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1987-10-07 | BROWN, BOVERI - YORK Kälte- und Klimatechnik | Method of recuperating the condensation heat of a refrigeration system, and refrigeration system for carrying out the method |
| GB2212604A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-07-26 | Toshiba Kk | External heat exchange unit |
| US4936107A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1990-06-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | External heat exchange unit with plurality of heat exchanger elements and fan devices and method for controlling fan devices |
| GB2212604B (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1992-04-22 | Toshiba Kk | Heat exchange unit |
| EP0431491A1 (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1991-06-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Heat pump type heating apparatus and control method thereof |
| US5088646A (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1992-02-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Heat pump type heating apparatus and control method thereof |
| EP1239241A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-11 | ITEM - Ind strias Térmicas Electromecanicas, Lta. | Evaporating system used in air-cooled thermal units for reducing air temperature |
| WO2003074953A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-12 | Risto Antero Ojala | Heat pump system |
| DE102010003915B4 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2015-11-19 | WESKA Kälteanlagen GmbH | Refrigeration system with heat recovery and method for operating the refrigeration system |
| EP2762788A1 (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | Frenger Systemen BV Heiz- und Kühltechnik GmbH | energy transfer system |
| US20170010051A1 (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-12 | Arriba Cooltech Limited | Combined heating and cooling systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2067275B (en) | 1984-06-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |