GB2063762A - Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer - Google Patents

Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2063762A
GB2063762A GB7940930A GB7940930A GB2063762A GB 2063762 A GB2063762 A GB 2063762A GB 7940930 A GB7940930 A GB 7940930A GB 7940930 A GB7940930 A GB 7940930A GB 2063762 A GB2063762 A GB 2063762A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
surface layer
substrate
radio frequency
adhesive
frequency heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB7940930A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pritex Ltd
Original Assignee
Pritex Plastics Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pritex Plastics Ltd filed Critical Pritex Plastics Ltd
Priority to GB7940930A priority Critical patent/GB2063762A/en
Publication of GB2063762A publication Critical patent/GB2063762A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B32B37/065—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method resulting in the laminate being partially bonded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0008—Electrical discharge treatment, e.g. corona, plasma treatment; wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
    • B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
    • B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B32B2310/0806—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B32B2310/0868—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using radio frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2375/00—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A flexible laminated sheet for use as, for example, acoustic panelling or for the interior lining of vehicle doors is produced by laminating a polyurethane substrate with a surface layer of, for example, p.v.c. or fabric, using an adhesive which is cured by radio frequency heating. The curing is effected by applying pressure along predetermined seam lines defined by electrodes between which the radio frequency field is established.

Description

SPECIFICATION Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer This invention relates to the production of laminated flexible sheet material based on polyurethane foam for the production of, for example, interior door trimming panels for motor vehicles, acoustic panelling, decorative lining materials and the like.
It is known to produce laminated sheet material such as vehicle door lining panels by sandwiching a polyurethane foam layer between a surface layer of fabric or plastics sheet and a backing layer, and then bonding the surface layer and backing layer together locally in a predetermined pattern to form a desired pattern on the surface layer of the panel. For this purpose the surface layer and the backing layer would normally be of thermoplastic material and localised bonding together of the two layers would be effected by a welding material using tools having heated surfaces between which the surface and backing layers are sandwiched.
Polyurethane foam is a preferred material for use in the fabrication of door lining panels, because it is relatively inexpensive compared with other plastic resilient foam material. A difficulty posed by the use of polyurethane foam, however, is that it is not a thermoplastic material, and accordingly a simple welding operation cannot be employed for attaching a surface layer to the foam.
The present invention seeks to provide a method of laminating a surface layer of a polyurethane foam substrate without necessarily employing a backing layer and welding this to the surface layer, as described aoove.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer comprising bonding the surface layer to the substrate by means of an adhesive which is cured by radio frequency heating.
The radio frequency heating is preferably applied by at least one metal elongate electrode by means of which pressure is applied to the laminated substrate and surface layer simultaneously with the radio frequency heating. The radio frequency heating effects rapid curing of the adhesive, bonding the surface layer directly to the substrate, without effecting a weld between the surface layer and any backing layer which may be employed. The bonding thereby achieved between the surface layer and the substrate is extremely strong, since the adhesive permeates the locally compressed polyurethane substrate and the surface layer.
The preferred material for the substrate is flexible polyurethane foam, which may be in the form of a unitary foam layer or a packing of a crumb foam, while the surface layer may comprise a sheet of polyvinylchloride (pvc) or a fabric. A synthetic fibre woven fabric or pile fabric may be employed as the surface layer, according to the desired surface effect required.
The elongate metal electrodes used to apply the localised radio frequency heating may have surface patterns designed to emboss in the bonded material a desired pattern such as, for example, simulated stitching.
The substrate can be laminated with the surface layer with or without the provision of a backing layer. For the attachment of the resulting laminated fabric to some door panels it may be desirable to provide the polyurethane substrate with a backing layer of cotton, bonded fibre, or synthetic sheet material such as pvc sheet. The backing layer may be bonded to the polyurethane substrate by means of a further adhesive layer cured by radio frequency heating.
The laminated structure may be welded to a back-plate or support of a rigid or semi-rigid material such as hardboard to facilitate the fixing of the resulting panel.
The adhesive used to effect the bonding between the surface layer and the polyurethane substrate may be any adhesive suitable for bonding polyurethane, either a two-part or one-part adhesive. Heat-or time-curing adhesive may be used for this purpose, the application of the localised r.f. field effecting selective curing of the adhesive in the localised regions of the applied field and producing a firm bond combined with a localised compression of the surface layer and the underlying substrate.
The use of radio frequency h.f. heating to cure the adhesive avoids surface damage to the surface layer or the substrate, in contradistinction to conventional hot tool welding methods.
When the overall thickness of the laminar material becomes critical as far as the penetrating and bonding capacity of the adhesive is concerned a sandwich structure may be formed by laminating a number of foam layers with interposed adhesive layers before curing.
A typical example of a polyurethane flexible foam for use as the substrate in the present invention would have a density of 14 kg/m3-64 kg/m3 and a thickness of 1.5-25 mm. These figures are not, however, to be considered as any way limitative.
In a typical process for the production of laminate material according to the invention adhesive would be applied evenly to one or both of the surfaces of the substrate and surface layer to be bonded together. Adhesive would similarly be applied to the rear face of the substrate and/or the backing layer if a backing material is employed. The sandwiched layers are then placed between two electrode attachments of a radio frequency generator, one electrode being in the form of a number of elongate profiled sections which come into contact with the surface layer, and the other electrode being in the form of a flat plate upon which the substrate or backing layer rests. An alternating voltage at h.f. radio frequency is applied between the electrodes for a predetermined time interval while the material is compressed between the electrodes, to effect localised curing of the adhesive between the locally compressed surface layer and the substrate.

Claims (4)

1. A method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer comprising bonding the surface layer to the substrate by means of an adhesive which is cured by radio frequency heating.
2. A method according to Claim 1, in which the radio frequency heating is applied by at least one metal elongate electrode by means of which pressure is applied to the laminated substrate and surface layer simultaneously with the radio frequency heating.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 in which the substrate comprises flexible polyurethane foam and the surface layer comprises a polyvinylchloride sheet, or a fabric.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the substrate has a backing layer of cotton, bonded fibre, or synthetic sheet material.
GB7940930A 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer Withdrawn GB2063762A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940930A GB2063762A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7940930A GB2063762A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2063762A true GB2063762A (en) 1981-06-10

Family

ID=10509441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7940930A Withdrawn GB2063762A (en) 1979-11-27 1979-11-27 Method of laminating polyurethane substrate with a surface layer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2063762A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2144078A (en) * 1983-07-28 1985-02-27 Lewis Russell Jackson Insulated damp-proof course

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2144078A (en) * 1983-07-28 1985-02-27 Lewis Russell Jackson Insulated damp-proof course

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