GB2054519A

GB2054519A - Multiple wound roll dispenser and cutter mechanism for use therein

Info

Publication number: GB2054519A
Application number: GB8029502A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Georgia Pacific LLC
Current assignee: Georgia Pacific LLC
Priority date: 1977-10-14
Filing date: 1978-10-05
Publication date: 1981-02-18
Also published as: GB2054520B; GB2007623A; AU4066378A; GB2054520A; FR2438617B1; JPS5498864A; GB2054521A; AU518039B2; JPS5848168B2; GB2054521B; NL7810295A; NZ188599A; IT7828760A0; FR2435425A1; CA1115668A; GB2007623B; FR2435425B1; BR7806827A; DE2844750A1; GB2064480A

Abstract

A roll dispenser has a chassis 14 mountable on a wall, means carried by the chassis for rotatably supporting a roll of flexible sheet material, and a mechanism mounted on the chassis for cutting the web at intervals into individual sheets. The cutting mechanism includes a rotatable feed roller 62, a knife 68 pivotally mounted in the feed roller 62 to project outwardly through an opening join the feed roller beyond periphery thereof to cut the web as it passes over the feed roller 62, a cam follower 82 affixed to the knife 68, and a cam 76 stationary mounted on the chassis and having a first cam surface engaging the cam follower 82 to swing it along the arcuate path to project the knife cutting edge upon rotation of the feed roller and having a second cam surface engaging the cam follower to swing it along the arcuate path to retract the knife cutting edge upon further rotation of the feed roller. <IMAGE>

Description

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SPECIFICATION

Multiple wound roll dispenser and cutter mechanism for use therein

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This invention relates to dispensers for wound rolls of flexible sheet material having a mechanism for cutting the material into individual lengths.

Numerous web dispensing constructions are 10 known in the prior art and employed in commercial use where a paper towel dispenser, for example, is mounted on a wall in a location where towel availability is desired.

In such prior art devices perforating or severing 15 mechanisms have included a rotatably mounted knife and a cooperating rotatably mounted roller having a slot therein for receiving the radially outward portion of the knife as the knife rotates past the roller. The web of flexible sheet material is 20 passed between the roller and the knife to be perforated or severed when the radially outward knife portion enters the slot in the roller.

Such perforating or severing mechanisms are satisfactory for perforating orsevering relatively 25 unstretchable flexible sheet materials such as un-creped papertowelling. However, with the increased use of relatively stretchable flexible sheet materials, such as embossed or creped paper towelling, the prior art perforating and severing mechanisms have 30 proved unsatisfactory because the web of sheet material tends to stretch about the cutting edge of the knife instead of being perforated or severed thereby. Although recision rotary shears are also known which could be employed for obviating this 35 problem, such shears are much too expensive to be used in flexible sheet material dispensers designed for installation to be used in both commercial and private washrooms.

According to the present invention there is pro-40 vided in a dispenser for rolls of flexibll sheet material having a mechanism for cutting a web of the material, a method for cutting the web comprising the step of; passing the web of material over a feed roller, projecting the edge of a cutting knife from 45 within the feed roller beyond the periphery of the feed roller to cut the web passing over the feed roller; characterized by positively camming the cutting knife to retract the knife edge back into the feed roller incident rotation of the feed roller. 50 The invention also includes a dispenser for rolls of flexible sheet material having a chassis adapted to be attached to a wall, means carried by the chassis for rotatably supporting a roil of flexible sheet material, and mechanism mounted on the chassis 55 for cutting the web at intervals therealong to divide the web into individual sheets; characterized by the cutting mechanism including a rotatably mounted feed roller on the chassis and over which the web of material passes, a knife pivotaily mounted in the 60 feed roller to swing about an axis which is laterally displaced from the plane of the knife cutting edge, the knife having a radially outward portion defining the cutting edge for the web, the edge being projected outwardly through an opening in the feed 65 roller beyond periphery of the feed roller to cut the web as it passes over the feed roller, cam follower means affixed to the knife at a point displaced from the pivot mounting axis of the knife so that the cam follower means is swingable along an arcuate path about said axis, and cam means stationarily mounted on the chassis and having a first cam surface engaging the cam follower means to swing the cam follower means along the arcuate path to positively project the knife cutting edge upon rotation of the feed roller and having a second cam surface engaging the cam follower means to swing the cam follower means along the arcuate path to positively retract the knife cutting edge upon further rotation of the feed roller.

In this arrangement a cam actuated knife pivotaily mounted within the feed roller is projected through an elongated opening in the feed roller wall as the feed roller is rotated with the sheet material overlying its surface. The cam action is constructed to positively project and retract the knife relative to the opening in the feed roller and the activating cams are stationarily mounted such that the knife, which has serrations therealong, initially projects outwardly immediately before the web of material reaches the nip of the feed roller and pressure roller. There serrations are spaced to enter the eccentric segments and conical resilient portions carried by the pressure roller to start perforation of the web adjacent the nip of the rollers.

Preferably the knife is pivotaily mounted in the feed roller, to swing about an axis which is laterally displaced from the plane of the knife, radially outwardly with a portion of the knife defining a cutting edge for the web. This edge is projected outwardly through an opening in the feed roller beyond the periphery of the feed roller to cut the web as it passes over the feed roller. The knife carries cam followers displaced from the pivot mounting axis of the knife and stationary cams are mounted adjacent the ends of the feed roller with which the cam followers on the knife engage to positively project and retract the knife cutting edge upon rotation of the feed roller.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the wound roll dispenser for flexible sheet material of this invention with the front cover broken away to expose components within the interior of the dispenser housing.

Figure2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view, partly in section, taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective vire showing a roll mounting spindle relative to one of the inwardly facing tracks which are located on the opposite inner side walls of the dispenser housing.

Figure 5 is a view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 1 with the cover side wall of the dispenser housing removed to expose the mechanism for feeding flexible sheet material.

Figure 6 \s a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the dispenser mechanism in a position where web

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material dispensing is in progress.

Figure 7 is a sectional view through the front cover, back and bottom of the dispenser housing showing positions of wound rolls relative to a feed 5 roller, cam activated cutting knife and pressure roller disposed within the housing.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the feed roller, pressure roller, material cutting knife and one stationary cam for actuating the knife from within 10 the feed roller.

Figure 9 is an end view, with portions shown in phantom, illustrating the action of camming the material cutting knife from within the feed roller shown in Figure 8.

15 Figure 10 is a partial end view showing the relationship of the feed roller and pressure roller to a full wound roll of material as the pressure roller approaches picking up the leading free web end of a full roll.

20 Figure 77 is a view similar to Figure 10 but showing the pressure roller buckling the free end of the web material on a full roll to be fed between the nip of the feed roller and the pressure roller.

Figure 12 is a view also similar to the showing in 25 Figure 10 showing the lead end of the full roll being fed downwardly between the nip of the feed and pressure rollers.

Figure 13 is a perspective view showing a resilient-ly deformable segment which is eccentric to the 30 pressure roll axis to pick up the leading edge of sheet material on a full roll.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment for a resiliently deformable eccentric segment to that shown in Figure 13.

35 Figure 75 is a sectional view of the front portion of the dispenser showing the cutting mechanism within the chassis in relation to a roll of flexible sheet material.

Figure 16 is a sectional view taken on line 16-16 of 40 Figure 15.

Figure 77is an elevational view taken on line 17-17 of Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a perspective view of the cutting knife that is mounted in the feed roller shown in Figures 45 15 and 16.

Figure 19 is a view partly in section showing the over-center means for driving the feed roller through a portion of each rotation, and

Figure 20 is an elevational view showing the 50 over-center means and anti-reversing pawl engaging notches spaced around the perihery of the feed wheel.

The complete wound roll dispenser is shown in Figure 1 as a multiple roller dispenser provided with 55 a housing 10 made up of a cover 12, the lower portion being removed to expose the inner workings of the dispenser, a chassis 14which provides inner side walls 16 and 18 and a back wall 20: the chassis 14 suitably being adapted for connection to a wall. A 60 bottom wall 22 is also provided by chassis 14 as part of the dispenser housing 10, as best seen in Figure 7. An elongated opening 24 across a major portion of the width of the dispenser housing is provided at the forward end of the bottom wall 22 of chassis 14to 65 provide means for leading the dispensed sheet material to access to a user.

In the embodiment shown, each of the opposite inner side walls 16 and 18 is provided with a vertical track 26, these being shown in section on Figure 2 70 and one track, shown in perspective on Figure 4, as carried by side wall 18. Side wall tracks 26 face inwardly to receive therein the spindles projecting outwardly from the core C of wound roll R of flexible sheet material.

75 A forward portion 28 of the back wall of each track 26 is inclined inwardly toward the interior of the dispenser housing 10. These inwardly inclined portions 28 of the tracks 26 engage the ends of the spindle extending outwardly from the ends of the 80 core C or roll R adjacent the forward periphery of each spindle end as seen in Figure 2. Thus, as a roll R moves down within tracks 26, engagement of the forward end portions of the spindles by inclined portions 28 tends to rotate the roll R in the direction 85 that the sheet material will eventually be unwound from the roll. However, in a cabinet where multiple rolls are positioned within the tracks the presence of the lowermost roll while being dispensed from the dispenser with the reserve roll resting thereon will 90 prevent the rotation of an upper reserve roll from unwinding its sheet material prior to the lowermost roll being substantially exhausted and moving into discard pocket P for spent roll cores. Then the reserve roll moves down into position to have the 95 free leading end of its web of sheet material fed outwardly from the dispenser to the user.

In the embodiment illustrated, as best shown in Figures 2,3 and 4, the core C of roll R carries a mandrel 30 frictionally held within the core C. 100 Mandrel 30 has a flange 32 at one end thereof and fins 34 extending outwardly from the cylindrical surface of mandrel 30. These fins 34 mate with slots formed extending outwardly through the roll core C into the wound sheet material to key the mandrel 30 105 and roll R positively together. A large cylindrical spindle 36 is provided extending outwardly from core C on mandrel 30 at one end of the mandrel while the opposite end of the mandrel has a spindle 38. Spindle 38 is formed with a peripheral groove 40 110 inwardly of its outermost end. One channel 26 has flanges 42 extending along both inner edges thereof « at the upper end of this channel. Flanges 42 overlie a portion of this track 26 with the flanges extending into the groove 40 of spindle 38 when the roll Ris } 115 being loaded into the dispenser. The advantage of having groove 40 to permit spindle 38 to enter the channel passing through the track having flanges 42 is that proper loading of the roll within the dispenser is assured so that only one mandrel end, namely, the 120 proper end of the roll, passes downwardly into this track 26. Spindle 36 without a groove 40, at the opposite end of the roll would not be able to enter the track 26 having flanges 42 and thus the roll must be inserted in loading the dispenser with spindle 38 125 only in the track 26 carried by wall 18. The keying by means of fins 34 in the slots formed in core C and roll R is important in operation of the dispenser so that the track driving action to rotate the roll is positively transmitted to the roll for dispensing in the manner 130 as will be described.

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The lower end section of each track 26 slants away from the longitudinal axis of the main length of the track as shown in Figures 3 and 4. These lower end sections of the two tracks are slanted rearwardly 5 within the dispenser housing 10 and slant away from the axis of the feed roller described below such that the slanting section of each track lies on a line that is generally tangent to the periphery of the feed roller.

Each slanting section of a track 26 is formed by a 10 stationary upper wall 44 and a pivotaily mounted driving guide 46 pivotaily mounted at 48 to the lower end of the track. Each driving guide 46 provides a friction surface 50 forming the lower track wall of the slanting section guide 46, as a whole, slanting away 15 from the main track length. The upper end of friction surface 50 on each guide 46 has a projection 52 with an inclined cam area 54 extending thereabove. Each guide 46 is biased inwardly toward the center of the track 26 by a spring 56 mounted on a suitable 20 stationary stud 58. One end of spring 56 presses against a stationary wall of the part forming track 26 while the other end of spring 56 engages in and presses against the outer wall of guide 46 and is held in a retainer 60 on guide 46. The bottom end wall 45 25 below stationary wall 44 is inclined rearwardly at a steeper angle. This wall 45 allows the spindle to pass between the feed roller and wall 45 into discard pocket P at the rear of the dispenser housing once the roll is substantially exhausted of sheet material, 30 as will be described in more detail hereinafter.

The driving guide 46 is normally biased by spring 56 to pivot about pivot point 48 such that the guide is moved inwardly toward the center of the track 26. In this position, the inclined cam area 54 is disposed 35 such that as the spindle moves down within track 26 it will engage this cam area, camming the driving guide 46 forwardly and allowing the spindle to move over projection 52 and into the space between friction surface 50 and stationary upper wall 44. In 40 this position the spindle rides against the friction surface 50 so that it is encouraged to rotate in a direction to unwind the sheet material from the roll. To promote this rotation of the roll under the action of the perimeter of a spindle riding down along 45 friction surface 50, the surface may be provided with a coating providing a higher co-efficient of friction to more positively drive a roll spindle and roll carried thereby. Alternatively, a material having a high co-efficient of friction may be used in making the 50 driving guide 46 to provide a higher co-efficient of friction for the surface 50.

The pivotaily mounted driving guide 46 associated with each track 26 is preferably and advantageously pivoted on the side of the track which is in the 55 direction toward which the web of sheet material will be drawn off of the roll incident dispensing rotation of the feed roller mounted adjacent the lower ends of tracks 26. Where the lower sections of the tracks are slanted, as illustrated and described in the preferred 60 embodiment, the inclined friction surface 50, forming the lower side of the slanted track section, in and of itself, promotes the perimeter of the spindles to press firmly against this surface 50 and rotate. The pressure of the spindles against the stationary 65 slanted wall 44, which is the upper wall of the slanted track section is lessened in such construction.

The force of pulling the web of sheet material off of a roll in the dispensing operation adds a further 70 force drawing the spindles which carry the roll firmly against the inclined surface 50. Thus this force further also drives the roll and its spindles in moving down the inclined slanted friction surface 50 to promote rotation of the roll. Again, withdrawal of 75 sheet material from the roll incident dispensing, while pressing the spindles more firmly against the surface of driving guides 46, lightens or even frees engagement of the spindle perimeter from the stationary wall 44.

80 Even where the track is straight throughout its length, without a slanted lower section, the action of a spring biased driving guide pivotaily mounted in the track lower section adjacent the upper end of the feed roller is advantageous. By reason of its locating 85 such guide on the side of the track 26 which is in the direction in which the web of sheet material is to be withdrawn from the roll the web withdrawing force presses the spindle against the pivotaily mounted biased driving guide at the lower section of the track. 90 This lessens or releaves the force against the opposite wall of the track which is stationary. Again, the urging toward rotation of the spindles and the roll carried thereby in the direction in which the web is to be unwound from the roll during dispensing 95 contributes to effective and easy dispensing of sheet material from the roll.

A feed roller 62 is rotatably mounted within the dispenser housing 10 adjacent the lower end thereof for a roll to engage and be driven by the feed roller in 100 dispensing sheet material from the roll. As shown, roller 62 is mounted generally beneath the main length of tracks 26 and is made up of several axially spaced cylindrical sections including a center section 64 and two end sections 66, the latter having their 105 outer ends closed by end caps 67. Each of the feed roller sections has a cavity therein to provide an interior space within and along the length of the feed roller 62 which accommodates a serrated cutting knife 68. Feed roller sections 64 and 66 are slotted to 110 provide an elongated external opening 70 on the periphery of the feed roller 62. Shaft ends 72 project from the opposite end caps 67 of feed roller 62 to rotatably support the feed roller by each shaft end 72 engaging in a bore 74 provided in a stationarily 115 mounted cam block 76. It is to be understood that a cam block 76 is stationarily mounted at each end of the feed roller 62, these cam blocks being affixed to and facing inwardly from the opposite inner side walls 16and 18of chassis 14whichform a part of the 120 dispenser housing 10.

The cam block 76 provides a plate cam therein consisting of a cam pocket 78, opening, in the case of each cam block 76, toward the end of feed roller 62 with which it is associated. This pocket 78 has a 125 parti-cylindrical portion with its center of curvature corresponding with the axis of bore 74 that receives shaft end 72 and also has an outwardly curved portion extending away from the axis of the feed roller 62. This latter portion is joined at its ends with 130 the ends of the parti-cylindrical portion to form

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pocket 78 into an endless cam configuration.

The serrated cutting knife 68 is carried on a member 79 located within the interior space in feed roller 62, such member having cylindrical studs 80, 5 one at each end of knife 68 and member 79,

providing a pivot axis which is displaced from the plane of the cutting knife 68. The stubs 80 are engaged in apertures provided in the opposite end caps 67 of the feed roller 62. The knife also has at 10 each end thereof, disposed in the plane of the cutting knife 68 a cam follower 82, one such cam follower extending through an opening in each end cap 67 of the feed roller 62. The cam follower at each end of roller 62 fits into the pocket 78 of a stationary cam 15 b!ock76 and thus is propelled to control extension and retraction of the cutting knife 68 out of and back into the feed roller 62 as the roller rotates in dispensing sheet material from a wound roll. Incident this rotation of roller 62, knife 68 projects 20 outwardly, piercing the web of sheet material and severing it for removal of a length of the material from the dispenser through opening 24.

More detailed description of the action of the stationary cam block 76 in controlling, through cam 25 followers 82, the projection and retraction of knife 68 will be given by referring to Figures 15-20. It should be mentioned at this point that the disposition of the cam pocket 78 and the stationary cam block 76 at each end of feed roller 64 is, in the instant invention, 30 disposed to obtain a preferred action relative to other components of the structure which will now be described.

For ease in description of the specific structure illustrated in Figures 15-20 the reference numerals 35 have been given from a 100 or 100' series.

Referring to Figure 15 the dispenser 110' has a chassis 112', only a part of which is shown in Figure 15. The chassis has an opening 114' at its lower forward end through which the web W of flexible 40 sheet material, such as paper toweling, passes to be available to the user. The web W is taken from a roll R mounted in the dispnser on a suitable supporting shaft 116'. The web Was withdrawn from roll R passes over a rotatably mounted feed roller 118' and 45 then down and out through opening 114'. A pinch roller 120' mounted on a shaft 122' is spring biased into engagement with the exterior of feed roller 118' with the web W of flexible sheet material passing between the pinch roller and the feed roller. 50 The feed roller 118' is rotatably mounted within the chassis 112' of the dispenser on stub shaft 124 and 126 with stub shaft 126 carrying at its outer end a feed wheel 128. The feed wheel is secured to rotate with the feed roller and function in a mannerto be 55 described in the dispersing and cutting of a length of web W removed from the roll R.

The feed roller 118' has pivotaily mounted there within a knife 130, the structure of the knife being shown in Figure 18. The knife is mounted to swing 60 about an axis which is laterally displaced from the plane of the cutting edge 134 of the knife. The feed roller 118' has an opening 132 formed in the periphery of the feed roller so that the cutting edge 134 of the knife can be projected beyond the exterior 65 of the feed roller 118' and retractedback into the feed roller. Broken line L on Figure 15 shows the path of the projection of this cutting edge 134 beyond the periphery of feed roller 118' as the roller rotates so that the web is effectively severed to enable removal 70 of the flexible sheet material by the user.

Referring to the structure of knife 130 as best seen in Figure 18, the pivotal mounting is provided by stubs 136, one being disposed on each end of the knife 130 providing a pivot axis which is displaced 75 from the plane of knife cutting edge 134. The knife also has at each end, disposed in the plane of the knife cutting edge, cam followers 138.

The pivot stubs 136 are mounted in the end walls 140 of the feed roller 118' to support the knife 130 so 80 as to be swingable about an axis which is laterally displaced from the plane of the knife cutting edge 134. The control of movement of the knife to project from opening 132 and be retracted back into the feed roller 118' is achieved by the cam followers 138 85 engaging in stationary plate cams 142, one such cam being mounted within the chassis 112' adjacent each end of feed roller 118'.

The configuration of each plate cam 142 is shown in Figure 17. It has a pocket 144 of substantially 90 uniform width throughout its length to receive one cam follower 138. In each case the pocket 144 opens toward the end of the feed roller 118' as shown in Figure 16. The pocket 144 in each plate cam 142 has a parti-cylindrical portion 146 with its center of 95 curvature corresponding with the axis of the feed roller 118' provided by the stub shafts 124 and 126. The pocket 144 also has an outwardly curved portion 148 extending away from the axis of the feed roller 118'. This latter portion is joined at its ends with the 100 ends of the parti-cylindrical portion 146 to form pocket 144 into an endless cam configuration to actuate one cam follower 138 upon rotation of feed roller 118'.

On Figure 15 broken line circle C shows the path of 105 movement of the mounting stubs 136 of knife 130 as the feed roller 118' rotates. This figure also illustrates four successive positions for the axis of stubs 136 and movement of cam followers 138 within the pockets 144 of plate cams 142. As previously men-110 tioned, the broken line Lon Figure 15showsthe pattern of movement of the cutting edge 134 of knife 130 caused by the cam followers 138 being guided within the pockets 144 of the plate cams 142. From this path of movement it will be seen that the cutting 115 edge 134 starts to project beyond the periphery of feed roller 118' immediately beyond the point of engagement of pinch roller 120' with feed roller 118'.

Referring to Figures 19 and 20, the feed wheel 128 is shown mounted on the outer end of stub shaft 120 126. The feed wheel is provided with notches 150 spaced around its perimeter and anti-reversing pawl 152 is mounted on the chassis 112' to be freely pivotal into engagement with notches 150 to prevent reverse rotation of the feed wheel 128 and likewise 125 feed roller 118'.

The feed roller 118' is driven through a portion of each rotation by an over-center means including a spring 156 connected to the chassis 112' by fastener 158 and to the feed wheel 128 by screw 160, such 130 screw 160 being off-center from the rotation axis of

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feed wheel 128 and feed roller 118'. It will be readily understood that during rotation of feed wheel 128 and feed roller 118' in the direction of arrow Aon Figure 20, the spring 156isinitialiytensionedasit 5 approaches the position of link 162 shown on Figure 20. When the screw 160 passes beyond alignment of link 162 with stub shaft 126 the over-center means is energized to its maximum, therefore, the spring uses its stored energy to assist further rotation of the feed 10 wheel 128 and feed roller 118' to activate the knife so that the web is severed and additional flexible sheet material is fed into position for the next use of the dispenser.

It will be noted that the center section 64 of feed 15 roller 62 is spaced at each of its ends from the inner ends of the two end sectios 66 of such roller. These spaced, as shown more clearly on Figures 1 and 8, are provided for a purpose which will be made clear hereinafter.

20 Concerning the cylindrical sections 64 and 66, making up the feed roller 62, these sections may all have the peripheral surfaces thereof provided with a high friction surfacing material up to the outer ringed ends and end plates 67 of the end sections 66, 25 as shown in Figures 1 and 8. For good driving characteristics in moving the wound roll within the dispenser and feeding the sheet material off of tte roll to the dispenser outlet opening 24, the center section 64 may have a rubber surface. The exterior 30 cylindrical surfaces of all feed roller sections may be made of rubber for good feeding characteristics of the sheet material.

In the instant invention, the cam pockets 78 in the stationary cam blocks 76, one at each end of the feed 35 roller 62, preferably have their configuration disposed such that the action on cam followers 82 which drive the knife out and retract it back within the roller 62 function to project the knife 68 in the pattern of movements shown on Figure 7. Thus, in 40 the instant invention, the knife 68 as it is initially cammed out through the opening 70 commences at a point immediately before the nip of feed roller 62 formed in conjunction with a pressure roller 84. As rotation of feed roller 62 proceeds relative to the 45 stationary cam pockets 78 in cam blocks 76, the serrated knife edge projects further and further out of the interior space within roller 62 to progress through the several projected stages as shown in phantom lines on Figure 7. While the knife is quickly 50 projected out through the opening 70 of roller 62 to effectively sever the web W of sheet material the knife is also rapidly withdrawn or retracted back into the roller 62 as it moves through the positions under the control of the configuration of cam pockets 78 55 within which the cam followers 82 follow.

The construction of the pressure roller 84 may best be seen in the prespective view of Figure 8. Roller 84 is rotatably mounted in bearing blocks 86, one such bearing block receiving an end of roller 84 at each of 60 the roller ends. Each bearing block 86 is slideably mounted in a slot (not shown) provided in the side walls 16 and 18 of the chassis 14forming a part of the dispenser housing 10. The slots in the side walls 16 and 18 are oriented generally radially relative to 65 the rotation axis of feed roller 62, such that the pressure roller 84 may move toward and away from the axis of roller 62 provided by the ends of shaft 72 mounting such feed roller. The pressure roller 84 is spring biased toward the cylindrical surface of feed 70 roller 62 by the bearing blocks 86 at each end of roller 84 being engaged by springs 88, one at each of the pressure rollers 84, as shown in Figure 8. One end of each spring 88 presses against a bearing block 86 to urge it and pressure roller 84 carried 75 thereby toward the surface of feed roller 62. The opposite end of each spring 88 engages a stationary abutment 90, one carried by each of walls 16 and 18 while the mid-portion of each spring 88 is suitably supported on a stud 92, also carried by each wall 16 80 and 18 (see Figures 5 and 6).

Secured to pressure roller 84 are a pair of spaced resiliently deformable segments 94; although a single deformable segment may be sufficient. Each segment is eccentric and resiliently deformable 85 relative to the roller 84 axis. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 and 13, the resilient segment is formed by a plurality of radiating resilient fingers 96. It will be seen that these elements, rotating with pressure roller 84, move with such roller so that the 90 outwardly projecting resilient segments 94, which are eccentric with the axis of roller 84, may pass within the spacess provided between each end of section 64 and end sections 66 of the feed roller 62.

Whereas in Figures 7,8 and 10-13 the resiliently 95 deformable segment 94 have been shown formed by the radiating resilient fingers 96, another embodiment which may be employed is shown in Figure 14. In this embodiment the resiliently deformable segment is formed by an outwardly projecting arcuate 100 wall 98 which is bowed outwardly from the portion of the element secured to pressure roller 84 to form the eccentric resilient deformable segment. This arcuate wall 98 provides a surface to engage and pick up the leading free end of sheet material upon 105 the exterior of an outer roll surface in the same manner as the resilient generally radiating fingers 96 function forthe embodiment shown in Figure 13.

This will be described in more detail with reference to the action shown being carried out in Figures 10, 110 11 and 12. As further shown on Figure 14, the outwardly projecting arcuate wall 98 may be reinforced by providing radial webs 100 extending outwardly from the axis of pressure roller 84 to the underside of arcuate wall 98.

115 It will be understood that the embodiments shown in Figure 13 and 14 may be appropriately made of any rubber like material which not only will give the desired frictional characteristics for the function of the eccentric segments in picking up the leading free 120 end of sheet material from the exterior of a roll, but also this will give the desired resiliency and defor-mability for effective action in use of the dispenser in feeding sheet material from a wound roll.

The pressure roller 84 also has axially spaced 125 therealong, resilient conical portions 102. Each conical portion 102 on roller 84 provides a cylindric perimeter which presses against the feed roller 62 surface to define a nip between these two rollers. As seen from Figure 8, the two center conical portions 130 102 ride against the center section 64 of the feed

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roller while the conical sections outwardly of the eccentric segments 94 ride on the end sections 66 of feed roller 62. An important feature of the location and positioning of the conical portions 102 rotating 5 with pressure roller 84 is that each conical portion faces inwardly toward the mid-point of pressure roller 84. This performs a particular function in acting to spread out the sheet material along the length of the nip between feed roller 62 and pressure 10 roller 84. Under the action of springs 88 at each end of pressure roller 84 the conical portions 102 tend to be deflected at the nip between the rollers so that the cylindrical perimeter is bent somewhat laterally away from the mid-point of roller 84. By reason of 15 the conical portions facing inwardly toward the mid-point of pressure roller 84 this deflection of the cylindrical perimeters of the portions 102 moves the permeters axially outwardly which acts on the sheet material passing between the nip of the rollers to 20 spread it outwardly toward the ends of pressure roller 84 thus encouraging the sheet material to pass between feed roller 62 and pressure roller 84 in a fully spread out, taut position.

Before considering other structures employed in 25 effectively leading the sheet material leaving the feed roller out of the dispenser housing to be accessableto a user, discussion may be provided concerning the function of the eccentric segments 94 forming a part of pressure roller 84 as best shown on 30 Figures 7,10,11 and 12.

Referring to Figure 7, a substantially exhausted initial roll ER is shown within a discard pocket P at the rear portion of the chassis 14 in front of rear wall 20 and above bottom wall 22. This roll ER would 35 have been the lowermost roll loaded into the dispenser with a reserve roll still located above the lowermost roll and resting on the lowermost roll surface in readiness to move into position once the lowermost roll has become substantially exhausted. 40 Thus, roll ER, with a limited amount of sheet material still wound thereon, has moved down through the tracks 26 and, after becoming substantially exhausted, its spindles have moved beneath the inclined walls 45 at the lower ends of tracks 26 and 45 overthe surface of feed roller62to drop into the discard pocket P. The web of sheet material is still being fed over the top of feed roller 62 and between the nip of feed roller 62 and pressure roller 84 with the web W exiting through the dispenser housing 50 opening 24.

It will of course be understood that while the feed roller 62 continues its rotation under the action of withdrawing web W from the opening 24 of the dispenser housing 10, the camming action under the 55 driving force of stationary cam pockets 78 on cam followers 82 will project and retract the knife 68 in accordance with the movements illustrated on Figure 7. The projecting action of knife 68 will serve to sever a length of web W for each rotation of feed 60 roller 62 so that the cut off length of sheet material may be withdrawn from the dispenser cabinet by the intending user.

The structure of pressure roller 84, incorporating spaced eccentric segments 94 and conical portions 65 102, also is advantageous in cooperating with the serrations of cutting knife 68. These knife serrations are spaced to accommodate therebetween not only the eccentric segments 94 but also the conical resilient portions 102. This may be seen from the 70 phantom shown position of pressure roller 84 in Figure 1. By this relationship between the cutting knife serrations and the eccentric segments 94 and conical portions 102, it is possible to initiate camming of the knife through the opening 70 in feed 75 roller 62 commencing at a point immediately before the nip of the feed and pressure rollers. This is of course advantageous in that when the web of sheet material is located between the two rollers, the conical portions 102 are acting to spread the sheet 80 material along the length of the pair of rollers and the nip between the rollers hold the sheet material firmly in this spread condition. As shown in Figure 7, the projection of the knife through the opening 70 immediately before the nip of the rollers permits the 85 outermost ends of the knife serrations to pass into the web of sheet material and initially perforate it along the length of the pairs of rollers. At this time the rollers act to firmly hold the web of sheet material against displacement. As the sheet material 90 passes on through the nip, the cam action on cam followers 82 continues to move the knife 68 outwardly. When it passes the nip between rollers 62 and 84 it is rapidly projected to complete severing of the web of sheet material for removal from the dispens-95 ing cabinet. As previously mentioned, the knife, under the control ofthe stationary cam pocket 78, is then rapidly retracted back into the feed roller 62 in readiness, on the next revolution of such roller, to perform a subsequent web cutting action. 100 At this point, shown in Figure 7, the roll that was disposed upwardly in the track as a reserve roll has moved down until in its full position its spindles are engaging with the friction surfaces 50 ofthe driving guides 46 on the opposite side walls 16and 18of the 105 chassis 14. The diameter of this reserve roll, which is now in readiness for removal of sheet material therefrom and is thus in the dispensing position, is such that it not only rests and drivingly engages with the surface of feed roller 62 but it also is of a 110 sufficient diameter that it will be engaged by the eccentric segments 94 on the pressure roller 84 as such roller rotates along with the feed roller 62. As the remaining sheet material continues to be withdrawn from the substantially exhausted roll ER in the 115 discard pocket P, it continues to rotate the rollers in passing through the nip therebetween, the withdrawing action occuring either under the pull of a prospective user externally ofthe dispenser or manually operated by the manual hand wheel 104 as 120 will be described subsequently.

The rotation of pressure roller 84 will carry the resiliently deformable segments 94 around to bring them intofrictional contact with the exterior ofthe fresh full roll in dispensing position which was 125 formally disposed upwardly in the dispenser cabinet as a reserve roll. The surface engagement of this new full roll in the dispensing position with the feed roller 62 and with rotation encouraged by its spindles frictionally engaging with the surfaces 50 on the 130 driving guides 46 within the lower section ofthe

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tracks 26 causes rotation in a direction to feed the loose free end ofthe sheet material onto the resilient segments 94 ofthe pressure roller84.

Referring to Figures 10,11 and 12, the action ofthe 5 eccentric segments 94 on the pressure roller 84 will follow the action shown. The feed roller 62 is rotating counterclockwise while pressure roller 84 is rotating clockwise with the web of sheet material passing between the nip of these two rollers. The 10 clockwise rotation, as shown in Figures 10-12, has the effect as the eccentric segments 94 on the pressure roller 84 move into frictional engagement with the outer free layer of roll R of buckling this free end as rotation progresses between the three ele-15 ments, as shown in Figure 11. The web Wat this point is still being withdrawn from the substantially exhausted roll ER in the discard pocket P so that withdrawal of the web by a user tends to assure continued rotation ofthe elements, as shown in 20 Figures 10 and 11. The buckling action created by the eccentric segments 94, performing by use of resilient fingers 96 in the embodiment shown in Figures 10 and 11, carries the buckling action to a point where the buckled sheet material web is drawn positively 25 and firmly into the nip between feed roller 62 and pressure roller 84. As this action proceeds, the outer free end on the new full roll is carried in double thickness between the rollers and fed out through opening 24 in the dispenser housing 10. If the first 30 brush or frictional engagement ofthe eccentric segments 94 on pressure roller 84 does not effectively pick up the leading free end of the fresh new full roll R, the elements will continue their rotation and successive brushes or frictional engagements be-35 tween the segments 94 and the outer layer of sheet material on roll R will be repeated as the remainder of sheet material is being withdrawn from the nearly exhausted roll ER in discard pocket P.

Once the leading free end of web sheet material on 40 the new roll in dispensing position is picked up, several thicknesses of sheet material may be fed from the dispenser for a period of time until the web sheet material on roll ER is fully exhausted. Also there may be a period where the double thickness 45 coming from the buckled surface layer of sheet material off of full roll R as shown in Figure 12 may be fed out ofthe dispenser along with the remaining material on roll ER. However, the action of eccentric segments 94 will effectively and positively pick up 50 and feed sheet material into the nip between the feed roller and pressure roller from the new roll.

Thus, this roll will be brought into operation for dispensing from the unit.

The dispenser functions in such a manner that, at 55 the end of each cycle the leading end ofthe sheet material extends outwardly ofthe dispenser cabinet, in order to be grasped by the user. The mechanism for dispensing sheet material has means for measuring the length of each segment of such material that 60 is dispensed and stopping the dispensing action at the end of this desired length. Also, manual feeding is provided. The manual feeding mechanism and associated components are best shown on Figures 5 and 6.

65 The mechanism includes a manual feed wheel 104

mounted on the end of feed roller 62 as shown more clearly in section on Figure 1. Thus, a screw 106 is threaded into the end of feed roller 62 to securely fasten the feed wheel 104 to rotate with such roller. 70 The periphery of feed wheel 104 is provided with alternating recesses 108 and projections 110 to facilitate its rotation by the fingers of a user. Rotation ofthe feed wheel 104 causes the feed roller 62 to rotate and cam the knife 68 outwardly and inwardly 75 as previously described. A link 112 is pivotaily connected to a screw 114threaded into the feed wheel 104 at a point radially offset and therefore eccentric to the axis of rotation of the wheel formed by securing screw 106. A spring 116 is secured to the 80 opposite end of link 112 while the upper end of spring 116 is fastened at 118 to the side wall 16 ofthe chassis 14.

An anti-reverse pawl 120 is pivotaily mounted on a screw 122 threaded into side wall 16 of the chassis 85 14. This pawl rides in the recesses 108 of feed wheel 104 and prevents the feed wheel from rotating clockwise as shown in Figure 5 and 6.

The spring 116, acting through link 112, pivotaily connected by screw 114 eccentrically ofthe rotation 90 axis of feed wheel 104, provides a force assist to sever the sheet material so that the act of severing the material is acomplished without the need of a user increasing his pull upon the sheet material coming from the dispenser. During the first part of 95 rotation of feed wheel 104, the spring 116 is tensioned as the wheel moves counterclockwise as shown in Figures 5 and 6. Afterthe screw 114 passes the lowermost point, opposite its position shown in Figure 5 or 180°from the position shown in Figure 5, 100 the spring 116 pulls upwardly, thus helping to rotate manual feed wheel 104 with roller 62 and cam cutter 68 outwardly and then inwardly to perform the sheet material severing operation.

It should be mentioned that in our co-pending 105 application No. 39454/78 there is described and claimed a dispenser for wound rolls of flexible sheet material that have supporting spindles projecting outwardly from the roll core ends comprising; a dispenser housing to receive the rolls to be dis-110 pensed and having inwardly facing tracks on the opposite inner sidewalls ofthe housing forthe rolls to move downwardly within the tracks with the lower end section of each track slanting away from the longitudinal axis ofthe main length of the track, 115 and a feed roller rotatably mounted within the dispenser housing adjacent the lowermost ends of the tracks so that the periphery of a roll having the spindle therefor engaged by the lowermost track ends will engage and be driven by rotation ofthe 120 feed roller; characterized by roll driving guide means pivotaily mounted adjacent the lower ends of each track with means biasing the guide means inwardly of the track and each guide means providing a friction surface along each slanting track section to 125 engage the periphery ofthe roll spindle within the track and promote roll rotation during downward movement ofthe roll.

Also in our co-pending application No. 80-29501 there is described and claimed a dispenser for 130 wound rolls of flexible sheet material comprising; a

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dispenser housing to receive the rolls to be dispensed having means for supporting a roll therein in a position for sheet material dispensing, a feed roller rotatably mounted within said dispenser housing, 5 and a pressure roller rotatably engaging the feed roller for the sheet material to pass between the nip ofthe rollers; characterized by the pressure roller having resiliently deformable means disposed eccentric to the axis ofthe pressure roller to pick up 10 the leading free end of sheet material on the outer surface of a roll engaging the pressure roller to carry this free end into the nip.

In our co-pending application No. 80-29503 there is described and claimed as an article of manufac-15 ture a roll of flexible sheet material having an internal passageway therethrough; characterized by a slot extending from the passageway into the roll at one end ofthe roll, and roll mounting means disposed in the passageway and having a rib 20 extending into the slot to rotatably lock the roll and the mounting means together, the mounting means further having portions extending axially outwardly beyond the ends ofthe roll and adapted to be rotatably mounted in a dispenser, one ofthe por-25 tions having a smaller minimum transverse cross-sectional dimension than the other ofthe portions, whereby said one portion is adapted to be received in a similarly dimensioned dispenser supporting structure and said other portion is too large to be 30 received in said supporting structure so that said portions can be mounted in the dispenser with the roll axially oriented in one direction only.

In our co-pending application No. 80-29504 there is described and claimed a dispenser for wound rolls 35 of flexible sheet material comprising; a housing, means mounted within the housing for rotatably supporting a roll therein, a feed roller rotatably mounted within the housing, and a pressure roller rotatably mounted within the housing and engaging 40 the feed roller, the feed and pressure rollers defining a nip therebetween through which sheet material passes; characterized by the pressure roller including means for urging the sheet material axially outwardly ofthe feed roller to spread the material 45 along the surface ofthe feed roller as the material passes through the nip.

Claims

50 1. In a dispenser for rolls of flexible sheet material having a mechanism for cutting a web of the material, a method for cutting the web comprising the steps of; passing the web of material over a feed roller, projecting the edge of a cutting knife 55 from within the feed roller beyond the periphery of the feed roller to cut the web passing over the feed roller; characterized by positively camming the cutting knife to retract the knife edge back into the feed roller incident rotation of thefeed roller. 60
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein projecting the edge ofthe cutting knife involves positively camming the cutting knife to project the edge beyond the periphery of thefeed roller.
3. A method according to Claim 2 wherein pro-65 jecting the edge occurs immediately following passing ofthe web between thefeed roller and a pinch roller.
4. In a dispenser for rolls of flexible sheet material having a chassis adapted to be attached to a ' wall, means carried by the chassis for rotatably supporting a roll of flexible sheet material, and mechanism mounted on the chassis for cutting the web at intervals therealong to divide the web into individual sheets; characterized by the cutting mechanism including a rotatably mounted feed roller on the chassis and over which the web of material passes, a knife pivotaily mounted in the feed roller to swing about an axis which is laterally displaced from the plane ofthe knife cutting edge, the knife having a radially outward portion defining the cutting edge for the web, the edge being projected outwardly through an opening in thefeed roller beyond periphery of thefeed roller to cut the web as it passes over the feed roller, cam follower means affixed to the knife at a point displaced from the pivot mounting axis ofthe knife so that the cam follower means is swingable along an arcuate path about said axis, and cam means stationarily mounted on the chassis and having a first cam surface engaging the cam follower means to swing the cam follower means along the arcuate path to positively project the knife cutting edge upon rotation ofthe feed roller and having a second cam surface engaging the cam follower means to swing the cam follower means along the arcuate path to positively retract the knife cutting edge upon further rotation ofthe feed roller.
5. A dispenser according to Claim 4 wherein a pinch roller cooperatively engages with the feed roller and the web passes between the rollers, the stationary cam means having a configuration to project the knife cutting edge beyond the feed roller periphery immediately after the web passes beyond the bite ofthe rollers.
6. A dispenser according to either of claims 4 or 5 wherein the cam follower means comprises a cam roll mounted at each end ofthe cutting knife to project beyond the ends ofthe feed roller and the cam means comprises a plate cam fixed to the chassis adjacent each end ofthe feed roller.
7. A dispenser according to Claim 6 wherein each cam has an inside cam track facing outwardly to define said first cam surface and an outside cam track facing inwardly to define said second cam surface with the two tracks being spaced apart throughout their lengths to accommodate one ofthe cam rolls therebetween so that the inside cam track drives the cam roll to positively project the knife and the outside cam track drives the cam roll to positively retract the knife upon feed roller rotation.
8. A dispenser according to Claim 4 wherein the cam means comprises an inside cam track facing outwardly to define said first cam surface and an outside cam track facing inwardly to define said second cam surface with the two tracks being spaced apart throughout their lengths to accommodate the cam follower means therebetween so that the inside cam track drives the knife to project the knife cutting edge and the outside cam track drives the knife to retract the cutting edge.

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9. A dispenser according to any one of claims 4 to 8 wherein the knife is mounted on pins pivotaily cooperating with openings in the opposite ends of the feed roller with the knife cutting edge disposed

5 parallel to the axis ofthe pins.

10. A dispenser according to Claim 9 wherein each cam has two spaced cam tracks, one facing outwardly to define said first cam surface and the other facing inwardly to define said second cam
10 surface, with one cam roll being confined between the two tracks whereby the tracks conjointly drive the cam rolls to control the projecting and retracting movements ofthe knife.
11. A dispenser according to Claim 4 wherein a 15 pinch roller is biased into rotating contact with the feed roller, for the web to pass between the rollers, the feed roller is driven through a portion of each rotation by an over-center means including a spring connected between the chassis and a feed wheel 20 associated with the feed roller, the spring being connected off center from the rotational axis of the feed roller, and an anti-reversing pawl engages in notches spaced around the perimeter ofthe feed wheel to prevent reverse rotation ofthe feed roller. 25
12. A dispenser according to Claim 4 wherein the cam follower means comprises a cam roll mounted at each end ofthe knife to project beyond the ends of the feed roller, the feed roller having end caps which are slotted to accommodate the mountings for the 30 cam rolls and their movement incident projecting and retracting ofthe cutting edge, the cam means comprises a plate cam fixed to the chassis adjacent each end ofthe feed roller, each plate cam having a pocket of substantially uniform width throughout its 35 length to receive one cam roll with the pocket opening toward the end of thefeed roller, the pocket having a parti-cylindrical portion with its center of curvature corresponding with the axis ofthe feed roller, and an outwardly curved portion extending 40 away from thefeed roller axis which latter portion is joined at its ends with the ends ofthe parti-cylindrical portion to form the pocket into an endless cam configuration to drive the cam roll upon rotation of thefeed roller.

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13. A method according to Claim 2 wherein projecting and retracting the knife edge from and back into the feed roller involves pivotaily mounting the cutting knife to swing about an axis laterally displaced from the plane ofthe knife cutting edge, '50 and swinging the knife cutting edge along an arcuate path about the axis incident positive camming ofthe cutting knife.
14. A method according to Claim 1 or 2 including pivotaily mounting the cutting knife to swing about

55 an axis laterally displaced from the plane ofthe knife cutting edge, and positively camming the cutting knife from a point displaced from the pivot mounting axis ofthe knife.
15. A method according to Claim 2 wherein 60 projecting and retracting the knife edge from and back into the feed roller involve swinging the knife cutting edge along an arcuate path incident positive camming ofthe cutting knife, camming a cam follower means affixed to the knife along the arcuate 65 path by a first cam surface to positively project the knife cutting edge and camming the cam follower means along the arcuate path by a second cam surface to positively retract the knife cutting edge.
16. A method according to Claim 15 including 70 providing an inside cam track facing outwardly to form the first cam surface, and providing an outside cam track spaced from the first cam surface and facing inwardly to form the second cam surface, and disposing the cam follower means to be positively 75 guided by the outwardly and inwardly facing cam tracks to positively project and positively retract the knife cutting edge.

Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by Croydon Printing Company Limited, Croydon, Surrey, 1981.

Published by The Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A1 AY, from which copies may be obtained.