GB2054279A - Hysteresis clutch - Google Patents
Hysteresis clutch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2054279A GB2054279A GB8023290A GB8023290A GB2054279A GB 2054279 A GB2054279 A GB 2054279A GB 8023290 A GB8023290 A GB 8023290A GB 8023290 A GB8023290 A GB 8023290A GB 2054279 A GB2054279 A GB 2054279A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hysteresis
- energising
- poles
- clutch according
- another
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/06—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the synchronous type
- H02K49/065—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the synchronous type hysteresis type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
- F01P7/08—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps
- F01P7/081—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps using clutches, e.g. electro-magnetic or induction clutches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/09—Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
Abstract
A hysteresis clutch, more particularly for cooling fans 5 of motor vehicles, has an energising part 7, 8 carried by a rotor 9, and a hysteresis part 3 connected to the fan 5. The energising part comprises two concentric rings 7, 8 which are rotationally fast with one another and axially nondisplaceable. The soft magnetic rings 7, 8 are polarised by a coil 13 and have impressed poles of the same number which are peripherally offset in relation to one another. The hysteresis part 3 is constructed as a ring of permanent magnetic material and is rotatably guided between the energising rings 7, 8. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Hysteresis clutch
This invention relates to a hysteresis (slipping) clutch, more particularly for cooling fans of motor vehicle engines, having an energising part and a hysteresis part (input and output elements) which are arranged close to one another, but without contact, the energising part having a multiple polarity and the hysteresis part consisting of a permanently magnetic material which enables the magnetism of the hysteresis part to be multiply reversed.
More particularly in motor vehicle engines, cooling fans are only rarely required in unusual operational conditions, in which case they are switched on and off via clutches. It is known to use simple electromagnetically operated clutches for switching the cooling fans on and off. When required to do so, the clutches switch on the fans even at very high speeds, and this causes very loud noises and reduces output. Nor can the torque of these clutches be regulated.
Torque-limited (hysteresis) slipping clutches are also known (cf. the article "Permanent
Magnet Clutches" in TEW-Technische Berichte 2, 1962, pages 153-159), which have an energising part and a hysteresis part, the energising part having a permanent magnet and the hysteresis part consisting of a hysteresis disc disposed parallel with the energising part. The axial-parallel arrangement of the parts produces axial forces which load the bearing. With that prior art hysteresis clutch there is a constant loss of output, combined with considerable heating. Moreover, its torque cannot be regulated and it cannot be switched off.
It is an object of the invention to provide a clutch, more particularly for a cooling fan, which operates quietly and has minimum loss of power, and whose torque can be regulated and which can be completely switched off, produces no axial forces and generates minimum heat.
Accordingly, the present invention consists in a hysteresis clutch having an energising part and a hysteresis part (input and output elements) which are arranged close to one another, but without contact, the energising part having a multiple polarity and the hysteresis part consisting of a permanently magnetic material which enables the magnetism of the hysteresis part to be multiply reversed, characterised in that the energising part has two rings which are rotationally fast with one another and axially non-displaceable and which have impressed poles of the same number which are offset in relation to one another and between which the hysteresis part is rotatably guided.
The clutch of the invention is a slipping clutch which is constructed on the principle of the hysteresis clutch, i.e. has an energising part and a hysteresis part (input and output elements). These parts are disposed close to one another but without contact, the energising part having two rows of impressed poles of the same number which are connected rotatably and displaceably fast to one another and are disposed offset by one half pitch in relation to one another. The hysteresis part is disposed rotatably between these two rows of poles. The offsetting of the poles by half the pitch forces the magnetic flux to adopt a direction which is substantially tangential, but which varies from pole to pole in the hysteresis part disposed between the rows of poles, the flux magnetising certain zones oppositely.
When one part of the clutch rotates, those zones are constrainedly reversed in magnetism, and this produces a torque.
Advantageously, the energising part is an electromagnet which consists of a soft magnetic yoke having an energising coil. The high field strength of an electromagnet enables hysteresis material with high magnetism-reversing energy to be used, and this ensures a high torque. The current absorption of the energising coil may be variable, for example due to a temperature-dependent series resistance, the result being stepless torque regulation.
Conveniently, the number of poles of the energising part can be very considerable, due to fine division of the soft iron poles, and this affords the advantage of a relatively high torque.
Preferably, the pole width is approximately twice the thickness of the ring, and the pole division approximately four to five times the thickness of the ring.
According to a further development of the invention, the two rows of poles of the energising part and the hysteresis part are constructed substantially disc-shaped, so that the arrangement is like two interconnected pole discs with an interposed hysteresis disc.
According to another optional feature of the invention, the two rows of poles of the energising part and the hysteresis part are substantially annular and arranged concentrically in relation to one another, so that they form two pole rings, which are connected rotatably and displaceably fast to one another, and a hysteresis ring which is disposed between the two pole rings and is rotatable in relation thereto. This annular arrangement affords the advantage that the hysteresis ring is guided through radially, so that no axial forces are produced and the radial forces cancel one another out. The offset poles of the pole rings constrainedly produce a tangential direction of flux which pre-magnetises parts of the hysteresis ring in opposite directions. A reaction force against a magnetic reversal is produced when the hysteresis ring rotates in relation to the poled rotor.This force is independent of the speed and is uniformly operative at every
place. The magnetic reversal of the whole volume of the hysteresis ring takes place during one rotation as often as there are poles provided at a sweep of the hysteresis loop of the permanent magnetic material used.
Apart from being used as a clutch for motor vehicle cooling fans, the hysteresis clutch of the invention when suitably altered can also be used as a brake with slip regulation.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate diagrammatically and by way of example an embodiment thereof, and in which:
Figure 1 is a partial, axial section through an annular clutch according to the invention,
Figure 2 is a cross-section on the line ll-ll of Fig. 1, showing the arrangement of the rows of poles according to the invention, and
Figure 3 shows a flat development of part of the rows of poles illustrated in Fig. 2.
The hysteresis clutch illustrated comprises an electromagnet coil 13, which is arranged on a coil member 14 and is attached to a casing part 1 6. A shaft 1 7 is mounted rotationally but axially non-displaceably, via a bearing 1 5 in the casing part 16. Attached to the shaft 1 7 is a rotor 9 having on its outer periphery a conducting plate 11 which partially encloses the periphery of the coil member 1 4 and on which a belt pulley 1 0 is provided. The rotor 9, representing the soft magnetic yoke of the energising coil 13, has two rows of poles, an inner row 7 and an outer row 8, which are disposed concentrically in relation to one another and have the same pitch 20. The poles of the two rows are displaced in the peripheral direction in relation to one another by half the pole pitch 20.To ensure that the magnetic flux 2 flows exclusively through the pole parts, a magnetic insulation 1 2 is provided on that part of the rotor 9 axially adjacent to the coil 1 3. Arranged between the two rows of poles is a hysteresis ring 3 whose inner and outer surfaces are very close to the pole surfaces but do not contact the latter. The hysteresis ring 3 is arranged rotatably and displaceably fast in a flange 4 mounted rotatably but axially nondisplaceably via a bearing 1 8 on the shaft 1 7.
A fan 5 is attached by a screw 1 to the flange 4. When the coil 1 3 is energised, the magnetic flux 2 in the rotor 9 will follow a substantially radially inward course; due to the offsetting of the rows of poles, when the magnetic flux passes through the poles in the hysteresis ring 3 the flux will follow a substantially tangential course. It can be assumed that at each pole of the top row of poles about one half of the magnetic flux (cf. Fig. 3) takes a leftward, tangential direction, while the other half of the magnetic flux takes a rightward, tangential direction, the result being a reversal of magnetism 1 9 in zones of the hysteresis ring 3.
The example of a clutch explained can of course also be advantageously used in slipping clutches for other purposes than for driving a fan, preferably in cases in which a drive must be operated silently over a wide speed range and a speed-independent reaction force is required to transmit the drive force to the output.
Claims (11)
1. A hysteresis clutch having an energising part and a hysteresis part (input and output elements) which are arranged close to one another, but without contact, the energising part having a multiple polarity and the hysteresis part consisting of a permanently magnetic material which enables the magnetism of the hysteresis part to be multiply reversed, characterised in that the energising part has two rings which are rotationally fast with one another and axially non-displaceable and which have impressed poles of the same number which are offset in relation to one another and between which the hysteresis part is rotatably guided.
2. A hysteresis clutch according to claim 1, wherein the energising part is an electromagnet having a soft magnetic yoke with an energising coil.
3. A hysteresis clutch according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein a close sequence of soft iron poles is provided, so that a large number of poles is disposed on each ring.
4. A hysteresis clutch according to claim 1, wherein the hysteresis part is made from hysteresis material with magnetism-reversing energy.
5. A hysteresis clutch according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the current absorption of the energising coil is variable.
6. A hysteresis clutch according to claim 1, wherein the pole width is approximately twice the thickness of the hysteresis ring.
7. A hysteresis clutch according to claims 1 and 6, wherein the pole pitch is approximately four to five times the thickness of the hysteresis ring.
8. A hysteresis clutch according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the two rows of poles of the energising part and the hysteresis part are substantially disc-shaped and disposed axially offset in relation to one another.
9. A hysteresis clutch according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the two rows of poles of the energising part and the hysteresis part are substantially annular in construction and are disposed concentrically in relation to one another.
10. A hysteresis clutch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the energising part represents the input side, while the hysteresis part is the output side of the clutch.
11. A hysteresis clutch, substantially as herein described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792929095 DE2929095A1 (en) | 1979-07-18 | 1979-07-18 | HYSTERESIS CLUTCH |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2054279A true GB2054279A (en) | 1981-02-11 |
Family
ID=6076074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8023290A Withdrawn GB2054279A (en) | 1979-07-18 | 1980-07-16 | Hysteresis clutch |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5622570A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2929095A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2462049A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2054279A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1128128B (en) |
SE (1) | SE8005202L (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2506536A1 (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | NOISE REDUCING MOTOR FAN DRIVE |
US4446391A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1984-05-01 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Rotating electric machinery |
WO1986003901A1 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-03 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag | Hysteresis ring |
US5611415A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-03-18 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5613586A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-03-25 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5636719A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-06-10 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5994810A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1999-11-30 | Horton, Inc. | Integral steel-aluminum ring for eddy current activated friction clutch |
US8544627B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2013-10-01 | Horton, Inc. | Two-speed clutch and retro-fit kit |
CN106122309A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州睿昕汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of automobile cooling system be easily assembled two-stage speed change clutch and assemble method thereof |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3905216A1 (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1989-09-07 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Electrically controllable hysteresis coupling |
JPH0525326U (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1993-04-02 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Level switch |
DE4312221C2 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 2001-06-28 | Honigmann Ind Elektronik Gmbh | Hysteresis participants |
DE102004043304A1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-30 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | braking device |
CN106121802B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-01-29 | 苏州睿昕汽车配件有限公司 | The auto pump clutch apparatus of end is arranged in a kind of electromagnetic coil |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE700201C (en) * | 1935-03-12 | 1940-12-23 | Heinrich List Dipl Ing | High performance eddy current brake |
US2883611A (en) * | 1954-12-03 | 1959-04-21 | Singer Mfg Co | Mobile power systems |
US2806158A (en) * | 1954-12-27 | 1957-09-10 | Burroughs Corp | Magnetic torque transmitting devices |
US3235758A (en) * | 1962-04-02 | 1966-02-15 | Ampex | Controlled drive mechanisms |
CH429903A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1967-02-15 | Yaskawa Denki Seisakusho Kk | Electrical device with rotating shafts using eddy currents |
US3700941A (en) * | 1971-02-03 | 1972-10-24 | John E Duncan | Adjustable hysteresis clutch and brake |
FR2137313B1 (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1973-05-11 | Thomson Automatismes | |
DE2554480A1 (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1977-06-08 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Eddy current coupling for IC engine cooling fan - has ring of laminations forming iron core on driven hub |
-
1979
- 1979-07-18 DE DE19792929095 patent/DE2929095A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-07-11 IT IT49222/80A patent/IT1128128B/en active
- 1980-07-16 GB GB8023290A patent/GB2054279A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-07-16 SE SE8005202A patent/SE8005202L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-07-17 FR FR8015824A patent/FR2462049A1/en active Pending
- 1980-07-17 JP JP9693480A patent/JPS5622570A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4446391A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1984-05-01 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Rotating electric machinery |
FR2506536A1 (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | NOISE REDUCING MOTOR FAN DRIVE |
WO1986003901A1 (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-03 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag | Hysteresis ring |
US5611415A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-03-18 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5613586A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-03-25 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5636719A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1997-06-10 | Horton, Inc. | Rotational control apparatus |
US5994810A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1999-11-30 | Horton, Inc. | Integral steel-aluminum ring for eddy current activated friction clutch |
US8544627B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2013-10-01 | Horton, Inc. | Two-speed clutch and retro-fit kit |
US9140309B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2015-09-22 | Horton, Inc. | Two-speed clutch and kit |
CN106122309A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州睿昕汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of automobile cooling system be easily assembled two-stage speed change clutch and assemble method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2929095A1 (en) | 1981-02-19 |
IT1128128B (en) | 1986-05-28 |
IT8049222A0 (en) | 1980-07-11 |
FR2462049A1 (en) | 1981-02-06 |
SE8005202L (en) | 1981-01-19 |
JPS5622570A (en) | 1981-03-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |