GB2050701A - Improvements in or relating to radio antennae structures - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to radio antennae structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2050701A GB2050701A GB8014975A GB8014975A GB2050701A GB 2050701 A GB2050701 A GB 2050701A GB 8014975 A GB8014975 A GB 8014975A GB 8014975 A GB8014975 A GB 8014975A GB 2050701 A GB2050701 A GB 2050701A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- antennae
- antenna structure
- radio antenna
- feed
- axes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
- H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
- H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
- H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
Abstract
The invention relates to compact radio antennae structures having wide bandwidth characteristics, the antennae structure including a plurality of end-fed antennae 1a, 1b, 1c, and a terminal 3 connected to end feed the antennae, wherein each of the antennae comprises a pair of extended conductors disposed in helical insulated windings of the same diameter and of opposite sense, the windings being coaxially, longitudinally coextensive and connected together at one end to form said end-feed, and wherein the antennae are each of different electrical lengths. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Radio antennae structures
The present invention relates to radio antennae structures and in particular relates to structures which are arrays of end-fed antennae.
The invention provides a compact radio antenna structure having wide band width characteristics.
According to the present invention a radio antenna structure includes a plurality of end-fed antennae, said antennae each comprising a pair of extended conductors disposed in helical, insulated winds of the same diameter and opposite chirality, are coaxial and longitudinally co-extensive and are connected together at one end to form said endfeed, wherein the antennae are each of different electrical lengths and are fed from a single conductor.
The axes of the antennae may be coplanar and diverge radially outwardly from the end feed.
In particular form of the invention the structure comprises a pair of the antennae of which the axes define an included angle of at least 300.
In one form of the invention the axes antennae are parallel.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings of which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a coaxial helical antenna which forms part of the radio antenna structure in accordance with the invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a radio antennae structure in accordance with the invention, which includes a pair of the antennae of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a further radio antenna structure in accordance with the invention, which includes three of the antennae of
Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a yet further radio antenna structure in accordance with the invention which occludes four of the antennae of
Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a pair of the antennae of Figure 1, in which the antennae axes are parallel and which constitute a structure in accordance with the invention.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a cluster of three of the antennae of Figure 1 in which the
antennae axes are parallel.
Figure 7 is a graph showing the resonance
characteristics and impedance level of a
conventional wire monopole 11 5 mm long.
Figure 8 is a graph showing impedance level
and resonance characteristics for the single
antenna of Figure 1.
Figure 9 is a graph showing impedance level
and resonance characteristics for two similar
antennae A and B each having the configuration
shown in Figure 1 and for the antennae pair of
Figure 5 which includes antennae A and B.
Figure 10 is a graph showing impedance level
and resonance characteristics for the antennae
structure of Figure 3 which includes antennae A
and B and a third antenna C.
Figure 11 is a graph showing impedance level and resonance characteristics for the antennae structures of Figures 9, 10 and the antenna of
Figure 1.
Figure 12 is a graph showing impedance level and resonance characteristics for the antennae structure of Figure 4.
Referring to Figure 1 , the coaxial helical antennae shown therein is the subject of a copending application U.S. Ser. No. 808,384. The antenna of Figure 1 comprises a first helical winding of insulated copper wire wound around a cylindrical former, and a second helical winding of insulated copper wire wound over the first winding. The two windings 1 are joined together at the lower end which forms the connection to the antennae so that they effectively constitute a single conductor 2. The winds are also joined at the other end. The windings are coaxial and consist of 760 turns of 24 SWG on the 22 mm former. The windings have the same longitudinal extent of 450 morn, and the same number of turns but are wound in the opposite sense.
The antennae structure of Figure 2 comprises a pair of coaxial helical antennae la and ib of the construction generally as described above in respect of Figure 1 but of different electrical lengths. The antennae have end feeds, 2a and antenna la and 2b on antenna 1b. The axes of the antennae le and 1b dine an included angle of about 300. The feeds la and 2b and soldered together at their lower ends to a common feed 3 of copper wire.
The common antennae structures shown in
Figures 3 and 4 are of similar construction to that of Figure 2 but the antennae in each structure are of different electrical lengths and have three coplanar antennae la, ib, ic, four coplanar antennae la, 1b, icand ldrespectively.The antennae in each structure are joined to a single feed 3 and have included angles of about 300 between adjacent antennae.
The antennae structures shown in Figures 5 and 6 include two antennae 1a and 1b and three antennae la, Ib and ic respectively, the antennae being of the same construction as the antennae of
Figure 1 but of different electrical lengths. The axes of the antennae are parallel and each structure has a common feed 3.
The performance of the antennae described above will now be described with reference to
Figures 7 to 12 which are graphs of relative impedance level against frequency.
Figure 7 shows results obtained over a range of 50 to 100 MHz for a single quarter wave monopole which is constructed from 10 SWG copper wire and extends 15 mm from a ground plane.
Figure 8 shows results obtained for the antennae of Figure 1. The antenna has a single well defined resonance at about 35 MHz. Such as antenna has a relatively narrow bandwidth.
Figure 9 shows results obtained for two antennae indicated as antennae 1 and 2 of the same general construction as that shown in Figure 1 but of different electrical lengths, and for the antennae of Figure 5 which includes the antennae 1 and 2 in closely coupled, parallel axes arrangement. It can be seen from Figure 9 that by coupling the antennae the resonant frequency is increased and, more importantly the bandwidth is increased compared with that of either antennae 1 or2.
Figure 10 shows results obtained for the antennae structure of Figure 6. The resonant frequencies of the individual antennae of the structure of Figure 6 were 44, 44 and 62 MHz.
Again, a wider bandwidth was obtained by forming this structure from individual antennae.
Figure 11 shows results obtained for an
antenna 3 of the same general construction as
that of Figure 1, an antenna 4 shown in Figure 2,
and antennae structure 5 as shown in Figure 3.
The results show that by forming the structures 4
and 5 a wider bandwidth than the single antenna
3 is obtained. However, a multiple peak response
is obtained for both antennae 4 and 5. It will be
seen that the results from a parallel axis structure
such as that shown in Figure 9 show a smoother,
monopeak, response compared with the
structures of Figures 2 and 3.
Finally the results for the antennae structure of
Figure 4 are given in Figure 12. The resonant
frequencies of the individual antenna of the
structure were 24.5, 33.9, 43.4 and 51.5 MHz and it can be seen from the curve in Figure 12 that these frequencies appear as resonance frequencies for the antennae structure giving a wider bandwidth than any of the individual antennae but giving a peaky response. Similar results are exhibited for antennae structures which have non-coplanar axes.
Claims (5)
1. A radio antenna structure including a plurality of end-fed antennae, the antennae each comprising a pair of extended conductors disposed in helical, insulated windings of the same diameter and opposite chirality, are coaxial and longitudinally co-extensive and are connected together at one end to form said end-feed, wherein the antennae are each of different electrical lengths and are fed from a single conductor.
2. A radio antenna structure as claimed in
Claim 1 wherein the antennae have coplanar axes which diverge outwardly from the end-feed.
3. A radio antenna structure as claimed in
Claim 2 wherein the axes diverge at an angle of 300.
4. A radio antenna structure as claimed in
Claim 1 wherein the antennae have parallel axes.
5. A radio antenna structure substantially as described herein with reference to the drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8014975A GB2050701B (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1980-05-02 | Radio antennae structures |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7915835 | 1979-05-08 | ||
| GB8014975A GB2050701B (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1980-05-02 | Radio antennae structures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2050701A true GB2050701A (en) | 1981-01-07 |
| GB2050701B GB2050701B (en) | 1983-08-03 |
Family
ID=26271428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8014975A Expired GB2050701B (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1980-05-02 | Radio antennae structures |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2050701B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2245766A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1992-01-08 | Gen Electric | Interleaved helix antenna arrays |
| GB2246910A (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1992-02-12 | Polytechnic Electronics Plc | Antenna |
| EP0593185A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. | Wideband antenna arrangement |
| WO1998018178A1 (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Tilted element antenna having increased effective aperture and method therefor |
| EP0855759A2 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-29 | Lk-Products Oy | Simple dual-frequency antenna |
| WO1998048479A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | A multi-frequency antenna |
| US6404406B2 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2002-06-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Antenna having a wide bandwidth |
-
1980
- 1980-05-02 GB GB8014975A patent/GB2050701B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5258771A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1993-11-02 | General Electric Co. | Interleaved helix arrays |
| GB2245766A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1992-01-08 | Gen Electric | Interleaved helix antenna arrays |
| GB2245766B (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1994-09-21 | Gen Electric | Interleaved helix arrays |
| GB2246910B (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1994-12-14 | Polytechnic Electronics Plc | A radio frequency antenna |
| US5191352A (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1993-03-02 | Navstar Limited | Radio frequency apparatus |
| GB2246910A (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1992-02-12 | Polytechnic Electronics Plc | Antenna |
| EP0593185A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. | Wideband antenna arrangement |
| GB2271670B (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1996-10-16 | Nokia Mobile Phones Uk | Wideband antenna arrangement |
| WO1998018178A1 (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Tilted element antenna having increased effective aperture and method therefor |
| US5874927A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1999-02-23 | Knowles; Patrick J. | Tilted element antenna having increased effective aperture and method therefor |
| EP0855759A2 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-29 | Lk-Products Oy | Simple dual-frequency antenna |
| EP0855759A3 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 2000-06-14 | Lk-Products Oy | Simple dual-frequency antenna |
| WO1998048479A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | A multi-frequency antenna |
| US5926143A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-07-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Multi-frequency band rod antenna |
| US6404406B2 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2002-06-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Antenna having a wide bandwidth |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2050701B (en) | 1983-08-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |