GB2042578A - Phosphorescent plastics compositions - Google Patents
Phosphorescent plastics compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2042578A GB2042578A GB8000154A GB8000154A GB2042578A GB 2042578 A GB2042578 A GB 2042578A GB 8000154 A GB8000154 A GB 8000154A GB 8000154 A GB8000154 A GB 8000154A GB 2042578 A GB2042578 A GB 2042578A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fact
- composition
- phosphorescent
- stabilizer
- plasticizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940067592 ethyl palmitate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 talc Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKQCINGECXXEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-methylheptoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O OKQCINGECXXEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000543381 Cliftonia monophylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001076195 Lampsilis ovata Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127555 combination product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003996 delayed luminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl stearic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
Abstract
Thermoplastic composition having a phosphorescent effect, particularly for the production of flexible labels, comprises a resin of low polymerisation point e.g. PVC, a plasticiser e.g. butylbenzyl phthalate and polypropenyl glycol adipate, a stabilizer having absorbancy to U.V. e.g. dicyandiamide, and a luminescent pigment encapsulated in polyvinyl alcohol e.g. Zn/CdS : Cu. A lubricating agent e.g. ethyl palmitate and a filler e.g. talc, may be included in the composition.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Composition having a phosphorescent effect
The present invention relates to a composition having a phosphorescent effect, particularly useful for the production of flexible labels.
The invention thus relates to a thermoplastic product able to emit a delayed luminescence as a result of a luminous excitation, which product may be used for the production of labels, tags and the like, using traditional printing methods. According to the invention, the thermoplastic composition having a phos phorescent effect is obtained in the form of a dispersion of a synthetic resin, containing therein substances capable of absorbing the daylight radiations and of emitting them as visible light after excitation (afterglow), in a plasticizer (plastisol), which is subsequently gelled.
There is known the physical phenomenon commonly referred to as afterglow, which consists in the absorption by some substances of the energy associated to the ultraviolet light, with the subsequent re-emission of the same in the form of visible radiation, over a period of time which may vary in length. Said phenomenon is evident in crystalline substances which contain small percentages of extraneous atoms, calied activators, and it consists essentially in the passage of an electron to a metastable state and in the subsequent return of said electron to the initial state, with emission of visible light.
The main known substances which possess said characteristics are the sulfides of zinc and cadmium, taken alone or as mixed crystals, eventually activated with zinc, copper, manganese or silver.
It is also known to make marking elements, such as labels, tags and the like, in thermoplastic materials, applied by means of xerographic processes or the like, to a base, which may consist of pocketbooks, wearing apparel and the like. Said labels have characteristics of elasticity and of resistance, as well as a low production cost, which have been factors in favoring the wide acceptance thereof.
It does not result that, to this time, there has been realized a plastic composition suitable for use in the production of the aforementioned articles, or in the production of other thermoplastic items having the same characteristic of elasticity and of resistance, which allows for the delayed visibility of said item by means of the residual luminescence of the same after it has been exposed to the light for variable periods of time.
It is thus an object of the present invention to produce a plastic composition having the property of re-emitting absorbed light over an extended period of time and which composition can be used in the production of items which are usually realized in plastic materials.
The invention relates to a composition having a high afterglow effect characterized by the fact of comprising a base thermoplastic resin having a low polimerization point, a plasticizer, a stabilizer which has a hight absorption of the ultraviolet radiation, and a pigment consisting of zinc sulfide crystals activated with copper (ZnS:Cu), pretreated and incorporated in the composition, in the form of particles encapsulated in a polyvinyl alcohol.
The invention will now be described with reference to a non-limitative embodiment, especially suitable for the production of flexible plastic labels.
As a base resin, there was used polyvinyl chloride or PVC, in powder form, because of its characteristics of resistance, elasticity, stability to chemical agents and because of its low polymerization temperature which facilitates the admixture therein of the other elements, especially those which impart to the mixture a residual luminescence, and which will hereinafter be referred to as "pigments". In order to render flexible and moldable the PVC there was used a mixture of primary and secondary plasticizers consisting, respectively, of butyl - benzyl - phthalate and of propenyl - glycol - adipate. The mixture is preferably composed of 40% of butyl - benzyl - phthalate, which confers to the mixture a shight solvent action, and of 60% of a polymeric plasticizer (polypropenyl glycol - adipate) which imparts to the reaction mass a high degree of plasticity.There can also be utilized butyl or iso-octyl phthalates or other high-boiling esters in combination with the polypropenyl - glycol - adipate or in combination with other polymeric plasticizers in order to impart a fair degree of elasticity to the plastic mass.
The resin is dispersed in the plasticizing mixture and the paste thus obtained is mixed until there is obtained a homogeneous mass. To the paste there is added additionally an organic stabilizer, preferably the dicyandiamide, since the use of metallic salts results incompatible with the pigment itself, decreasing the decay time of the same.The function of said stabilizer is that of combining with the HCI which is formed when the paste is brought to the gelling temperature, giving compounds which are practically colorless and which are compatible with the
resin itself, while at the same time presenting a strong adsorption of the ultraviolet light The elimi
nation of the HCI is necessary in such polymerization
processes in order to prevent the yellowing caused
by atmospheric agents, especially temperature and
light In view of the particular applications of the
compositions which are object of the invention, it is
additionally necessary that the combination product with the HCI be practically colorless in orderthat it will not change the natural color of the composition
and will not interfere with phenomenon of lumines
cence.In addition, said compounds must be such as
not to create discontinuities inside the resin, thus
assuring the characteristics of plasticity and elastic
ity of the same. Finally said products must be able to
absorb the major portion of the ultraviolet radiation
which would otherwise damage the pigment, caus
ing its rapid deterioration. Finally, since the pigment
itself is attached rapidly by the HCI, the stabilizer is
preferably used in a quantity slightly higher than that
strictly necessary for the neutralization of the HCI.
To the mixture there are also added small quan
tities of a lubricating agent, such as ethyl palmitate,
stearic acid or waxes, which additionally facilitate
the release of the mixture from the molds in the fol
lowing processing operations, and a filler such as,
for example, talcum. Both of these components have been chosen because of their compatibility with the the pigment; further, it is advantageous that the filler be kept to a minimum in order to avoid a decrease in the elasticity of the final product and the formation of barrier with respect to the pigment. In view of the above-mentioned considerations, it is preferred that the percentage of talcum does not exceed the 2% by weight of the resin.
As a substance which presents a high afterglow phenomenon there is preferably used zinc sulfide, with small amounts of copper as an activator, in the form of crystals. The average dimension of the crystalline particles mentioned above do not exceed about 40 microns and, in orderto obtain a prolonged residual luminescence, said component may vary up to a maximum of 35% by weight, based on the weight of the resin. It has also been found that higher proportions of crystals do not produce visibly appreciable advantages and do result in a decrease of the elasticity of the resinous mass. In particular, after a trial in a refrigerator, it was found that a quantity of crystals higher than that indicated above, utilizing equal amounts of plastifying agents, caused a crumbling of the product under abrasive action.
Furthermore, to insure a better protection of the pigment against the atmospheric agents and the abrasion, said components are previously treated in a polyvinyl alcohol so as to effect a microencapsulation of the particles, thus increasing their resistance to abrasion. In orderto effectthis operation, the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water at about 60"C and to the resulting solution there are added the crystals in an amount equal to that of the polyvinyl alcohol (on a weight basis). The reaction mixture is stirred at a constanttemperature of about 60"C until all water in evaporated. The resulting mass is then triturated and refined before it is introduced into the compound.
Following the admixture of the paste thus obtained, one proceeds to the refining operation controlling in a suitable manner the pressure on the rollers of the refiner as a function of the dimensions of the crystals, thus obtaining a plastisol having a phosphorescent effect which can be utilized for the preparazion of labels, tabs and other relief-type thermoplastic products obtained by casting or blow-molding methods. In particular in the case of labels produced by the well-known coating methods, there can be obtained relief-type labels on a suitable support, such as, for example cloth, of a single color (under natural light) or labels or tags consisting of sections having different colorations when illuminated by the light but which, however, all emit a common green luminescence when placed in the dark.The residual luminescence of a green color is preferred since other colorations, such as yellow, orange or red, necessitate the presence of cadmium particles which, being a metallic salt, reduce in the specific case the the afterglow effect from 20 hours to about 30 minutes.
In the following table there is indicated a preferred plastisol composition, referred to 1 Kg of resin.
Base resin 1000 g Plasticizer 700 g (280 g primary and
420 g secondary)
Stabilizer 40 g
Lubricant lOg Charge (filler) 0-lOg Pigment (ZnS:Cu) 350 g
Polyvinyl alcohol 350 9 Total weight of the mass 2470 g
While the composition of the present invention has been illustrated mainly with reference to a particular embodiment, said illustration cannot be considered limitative, bearing in mind that such modification and changes, both in the composition and in the process, which result obvious to those skilled in the art fall, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Composition having a phosphorescent effect characterized by the fact of comprising:
- a base thermoplastic resin having a low polymerization point,
- a plasticizer,
- a stabilizer having a high absorbency of the ultraviolet radiation,
- a pigment based on active crystals in the form of particles encapsulated in a polyvinyl alcohol.
2. Composition according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact of comprising:
- a lubricant consisting of ethyl palmitate, and
- a filler consisting of talcum.
3. Composition according to claim 1 or2, characterized by the fact that the base resin consists of polyvinyl chloride, that the stabilizer consists of a mixture of primary and secondary plasticizers and by the fact that the phosphorescent substances consist of particles, having a diameter of about 40 microns, of crystals of zinc sulfide activated with copper.
4. Composition according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the primary plasticizer consists of butyl - benzyl - phthalate and that the secondary plasticizer consists of polypropenyl - glycol - adipate.
5. Composition having a phosphorescent effect for the production of flexible labels substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT7920190A IT7920190A0 (en) | 1979-02-14 | 1979-02-14 | COMPOSITION WITH PHOSPHORESCENT EFFECT. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2042578A true GB2042578A (en) | 1980-09-24 |
Family
ID=11164573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8000154A Withdrawn GB2042578A (en) | 1979-02-14 | 1980-01-03 | Phosphorescent plastics compositions |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55110177A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE881592A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3002582A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK42180A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES488546A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2449107A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2042578A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE800280L (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7920190A0 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU82157A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8000267A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8001111L (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0109958A2 (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1984-05-30 | Avl Ag | Measuring device for determining the oxygen content of a sample |
| EP0125028A2 (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-11-14 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Autoradiogram marking process |
| US5914076A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-22 | The Glo-Tech Corporation | Process for producing longer-lasting, high luminescence, phosphorescent textile fibers |
| CN102501527A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Lightweight energy-storing glow flame-retarding smoke-inhibiting PVC (polyvinyl chloride) composite material and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69229377T2 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1999-11-04 | Hirofumi Moriyama | LIGHT ELEMENT |
-
1979
- 1979-02-14 IT IT7920190A patent/IT7920190A0/en unknown
- 1979-06-05 JP JP7049979A patent/JPS55110177A/en active Pending
-
1980
- 1980-01-03 GB GB8000154A patent/GB2042578A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-01-16 NL NL8000267A patent/NL8000267A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-01-25 DE DE19803002582 patent/DE3002582A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-01-31 DK DK42180A patent/DK42180A/en unknown
- 1980-02-07 BE BE0/199300A patent/BE881592A/en unknown
- 1980-02-08 FR FR8002795A patent/FR2449107A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-02-12 LU LU82157A patent/LU82157A1/en unknown
- 1980-02-13 SE SE8001111A patent/SE8001111L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-02-13 ES ES488546A patent/ES488546A0/en active Granted
- 1980-02-13 IE IE800280A patent/IE800280L/en unknown
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0109958A2 (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1984-05-30 | Avl Ag | Measuring device for determining the oxygen content of a sample |
| EP0109958A3 (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1985-11-21 | Avl Ag | Measuring device for determining the oxygen content of a sample |
| EP0125028A2 (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-11-14 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Autoradiogram marking process |
| EP0125028A3 (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1987-04-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Autoradiogram marking process |
| US5914076A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-22 | The Glo-Tech Corporation | Process for producing longer-lasting, high luminescence, phosphorescent textile fibers |
| CN102501527A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Lightweight energy-storing glow flame-retarding smoke-inhibiting PVC (polyvinyl chloride) composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102501527B (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-07-09 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Lightweight energy-storing glow flame-retarding smoke-inhibiting PVC (polyvinyl chloride) composite material and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES8203404A1 (en) | 1981-05-16 |
| DE3002582A1 (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| NL8000267A (en) | 1980-08-18 |
| DK42180A (en) | 1980-08-15 |
| LU82157A1 (en) | 1980-05-07 |
| FR2449107A1 (en) | 1980-09-12 |
| IE800280L (en) | 1980-08-14 |
| JPS55110177A (en) | 1980-08-25 |
| ES488546A0 (en) | 1981-05-16 |
| IT7920190A0 (en) | 1979-02-14 |
| BE881592A (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| SE8001111L (en) | 1980-08-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |