GB2027705A - Preparation of 2-substituted- semicarbazones and carbalkoxy hydrazones - Google Patents

Preparation of 2-substituted- semicarbazones and carbalkoxy hydrazones Download PDF

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GB2027705A
GB2027705A GB7926300A GB7926300A GB2027705A GB 2027705 A GB2027705 A GB 2027705A GB 7926300 A GB7926300 A GB 7926300A GB 7926300 A GB7926300 A GB 7926300A GB 2027705 A GB2027705 A GB 2027705A
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C281/00Derivatives of carbonic acid containing functional groups covered by groups C07C269/00 - C07C279/00 in which at least one nitrogen atom of these functional groups is further bound to another nitrogen atom not being part of a nitro or nitroso group
    • C07C281/02Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. carbazates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C281/00Derivatives of carbonic acid containing functional groups covered by groups C07C269/00 - C07C279/00 in which at least one nitrogen atom of these functional groups is further bound to another nitrogen atom not being part of a nitro or nitroso group
    • C07C281/06Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. semicarbazides
    • C07C281/08Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. semicarbazides the other nitrogen atom being further doubly-bound to a carbon atom, e.g. semicarbazones

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Abstract

Compounds of the general formula: <IMAGE> in which R represents an alkyl, allyl, propargyl or benzyl group, which groups may be substituted, R<1> and R<2> independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or vinyl group, which groups may be substituted, and Y represents NH2 or O-alkyl, are prepared by reacting compounds of general formula: <IMAGE> with compounds of the formula: R-X in which X represents a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom or the group SO4R. The alkylation is exclusively oriented towards the 2-position and no alkylation products in the 1- or 4- position are observed. The selectivity is maintained even when the semicarbazone contains unsaturated substituents.

Description

SPECIFICATION Preparation of 2-substituted-semicarbazones and carbalkoxy hydrazones The present invention relates to the synthesis of semicarbazones and carbalkoxy-hydrazones, substituted in the 2-position and more particularly to the synthesis of such compounds by alkylation of the corresponding semicarbazones and carbalkoxy-hydrazones.
The synthesis of 2-alkyl-semicarbazones.(l) in general is achieved by addition of an alkyl-hydrazine (II) to an alkaline cyanate in an aqueous medium thereby yielding a semicarbazide (III) which, in its turn, is reacted with an aldehyde or a ketone (see, for example, "Chemistry of Carbon Compound", Ed. E. H.
Rodd, Vol. 1 B, pages 918-919 (1952)) according to the following reaction scheme:
(Scheme 1).
This process, which is well known to organic chemistry, suffers for the disadvantage of having the alkyl-hydrazines used as starting materials which are very expensive compounds and difficult to prepare, particularly when the alkyl group is a primary group.
The main methods for the preparation of alkyl-hydrazines include: 1) reaction of an alkyl-urea with hypochlorite and then with sodium hydroxide, see United States Patent Specification No. 2 91 7 545. However, this method has the drawbacks of operating in diluted solutions and giving rather low yields.
2) reaction of methyl sulphate with an azine obtained by the reaction of hydrazine with benzaldehyde and then by hydrolizing the quaternary salt obtained, see Organic Synthesis, Collective Vol. Ií, 395 (1950). The reaction scheme is as follows:
This method, besides being rather complicated, has the disadvantage of being limited to the preparation of methyl-hydrazine, in fact, different alkylating agents do not quaternise with the azine.
Furthermore, the direct alkylation of hydrazine is not suited for obtaining mono-alkyi-hydrazine with acceptable yields.
The preparation of the 2-alkyl-semicarbazones may be achieved by preparing, independently from the alkyl-hydrazine, the 2-alkyl-semicarbazide (Compound ill, scheme 1). However, the method of preparation usually used, which is the catalytic reduction of alkyl-nitrous-urea of the formula:
(see United States Patent Specification No. 3 387 030, has two major disadvantages, namely the necessity to use compounds that carry the group
which is recognised as being carcinogenous, and it is impossible to achieve high yields.
The preparation of 2-alkyl-carbalkoxy-hydrazones (V) is usually achieved by reacting an aldehyde or ketone with a 2-alkyl-2-carbalkoxy-hydrazone (IV)
2-alkyl-2-carbalkoxy-hydrazines (IV) however are prepared starting from alkyl-hydrazines (II) with the above reported drawbacks.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula:
in which R represents an alkyl, allyl, propargyl or benzyl group, which groups may be substituted.
R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or vinyl group, which groups may be substituted, and Y represents NH2 or O-alkyl, in which a compound of general formula:
in which R1, R2 and Y are as defined above, is reacted with a compound of the formula: R-x in which X represents a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom or the group SO4R, and R is as defined above.
This method is surprisingly endowed with a high selectivity. In fact, the alkylation is exclusively oriented towards the 2-position and no alkylation products in the 1- or 4-position can be observed. This great selectivity is even more surprisingly maintained also when the semicarbazone molecule contains olefinic substituents, which may be attacked by the alkylating agent.
The synthesis method of the invention proves to be of a general validity in as much as the alkylation reaction may be carried out on semicarbazones or carbalkoxy hydrazones of various carbonyl derivatives, by using as alkylating agents alkyl, benzyl, allyl or propargyl halides.
The reaction scheme is as follows:
in which R, R1, R2, X and Y are as defined above.
The reaction may be carried out in a homogeneous phase by using aprotic polar solvents in the presence of an alkaline base or in a biphasic system consisting of an organic solvent immiscible with water and an aqueous solution of an alkaline base, in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst such as a quaternary ammonium salt.
The duration of the reaction is generally in the range 3 to 4 hours and a slight heating (50 to 6O0C) facilitates the reaction.
The 2-alkyl-semicarbazones are intermediates which are useful in the synthesis of pesticides.
Cyclization of the 2-alkyl-semicarbazones yields 1 ,2,4-triazol-5-ones from which it is possible to obtain phosphoric esters endowed with an insecticide, nematocide and acaricide activity, as described in our copending British Patent Application No. 47948/77.
2-alkyl-carbalkoxy-hydrazones are useful intermediates for the preparation of alkyl-hydrazines (by hydrolysis) or of 2-alkyl-semicarbazones (by treatment with NH3).
The invention will now be illustrated by the following Examples.
Some of the Examples are of alkylation reactions conducted on a semicarbazone, namely ss,ss- dichloroacrylidene-semicarbazone (obtained by condensation between ss,ss-dichloroacrolein and semicarbazide) showing how the selectivity of the reaction of the invention is maintained when the semicarbazone molecule contains unsaturated groups of an olefinic nature.
EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of the ss,ss-dichloroacrylidene-2-ethyl-semicarbazone in an homogeneous phase
1.82 g of ss,ss-dichloroacrylidene-semicarbazone (1) were dissolved in 30 ml of N,Ndimethylformamide and thereafter 2.3 g of K2CO3 and 1.93 g of C2H5I were added. The reaction mixture was subjected to stirring for 3 hours at 50 to 600C and thereafter cooled to 200 C, additioned with 120 ml of H20 and extracted with ethylacetate (2 x1 00 ml). The organic solution was then dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, and the solvent was then evaporated.
1.1 g of a yellowish solid consisting of ss,ss-dichloroacrylidene-2-ethyl-semicarbazone (2) was obtained when recrystallized from ethyl ether exhibiting a melting point of 127 to 1280C (Compound No. 3, Table 1).
EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of the ss,ss-dichloroacrylidene-2-methyl-semicarbazone
1.8 g of ss,ss-dichloroacrylidene-semicarbazone, 1,5 ml of (CH3)2SO4 and 0.1 g of trimethylcetylammonium bromide were dissolved in 20 ml of methylene chloride. An aqueous solution or NaOH (50% concentration, 3 ml) was added to the solution and the heterogeneous reaction mixture was vigorously stirred for 3 to 4 hours and then additioned with 20 ml of water. The organic phase was separated dried with anhydrous Na2SO4 and filtered, whereupon the solvent was evaporated to yield 1.7 g of a white solid consisting of ss,ss-dichloro-acrylidene-2-methyl-semicarbazone (2) which was recrystallised from benzene. Melting point 130 to 1326C. (Compound No. 1, Table 1).
EXAMPLE 3 Adopting the same procedure as Examples 1 and 2, the ss,ss-dichloro-2-alkyl-semicarbazones reported in the following Table 1 were prepared.
TABLE 1 Compounds of the formula:
Elementary Analysis (%) Yield on Melting Theoretical Found converted Compound point product No. R Y ( C) C N C N (%) 1 CH3 NH2 130-132 30.63 21.43 31.20 22.10 95 2 CH3 OC2H5 77-78 37.35 12.45 38.28 12.71 90 3 C2H5 NH2 127-128 34.20 20.00 34.90 20.12 95 4 CH2-CH=CH2 NH2 107-108 37.86 18.92 38.17 18.70 80 5 CH2-C=CH NH2 38.20 19.09 38.12 18.79 80 6 CH2-C6H5 NH2 128-130 48.55 15.44 49.65 15.70 60 EXAMPLE 4 The following Example illustrates the high selectivity of the process of the invention.
Preparation of }5,,B-dichloroacrylidene-2-ethyl-semicarbazone
2.3 g of KzCOB and 1.93 g of C2H5l were added to a solution of 1.82 g of ,B"B-dichloroacrylidene- semicarbazone (I) in 30 ml of N,N-dimethyl-formamide. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours at 50 to 600 C, cooled to 20 C and additioned with 120 ml of H20. A solid product separated which was collected by filtration, washed with water and dried. 2 g of a yellowish solid were obtained which was then suspended in ethyl-acetate (100 ml).The insoluble product was collected by filtration and washed with ethyl-acetate (30 ml) to yield 0.8 g of unreacted P,P-dichloroacrylidene-semicarbazone.
The ethyl-acetate solutions were gathered and the solvent was evaporated to yield 1.1 g of ss,ss dichloroacrylidene-2-ethyl-semicarbazone as a yellow solid, melting at 1 27 to 1 28 OC.
Conversion: 55%, yield on converted product: 95%.
EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of benziliden-2-methyl-semicarbazone (2)
1.63 g of benziliden-semicarbazone (1), 1.5 ml of (CH3)2SO4 and 0.1 g of trimethylcetylammonium bromide were dissolved in 20 ml of methylene chloride. An aqueous solution of NaOH (50% concentration, 3 ml) was added and the resulting heterogeneous mixture was stirred for 3 hours.
20 ml of water was then added to the mixture and the organic phase was separated and dried on an anhydrous Na2SO4 and filtered. The solvent was evaporated to yield 1.7 g of (2) having a melting point of 1600 C. Yield on converted product 97%.

Claims (9)

1. A process for the preparation of compounds of general formula:
in which R represents an alkyl, allyl, propargyl or benzyl group, which groups may be substituted, R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or vinyl group, which groups may be substituted, and Y represents NH2 or O-alkyl, in which a compound of the general formula:
in which R1, R2 and Y are as defined above, is reacted with a compound of the formula: R-X in which X represents a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom of the group SO4R, and R is as defined above.
2. A process as claimed in Claim 1, in which the reaction between the compound of general formula (Vl) and R-X is conducted in the presence of an alkaline base and in an aprotic polar solvent
3. A process as claimed in Claim 2, in which the aprotic polar solvent is dimethylformamide.
4. A process as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3, in which the alkaline base is potassium carbonate (K2CO3).
5. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the reaction between the compound of general formula (Vl) and R-X is conducted at 50 to 600C for a period of time of 3 to 4 hours.
6. A process as claimed in Claim 1, in which the reaction between the compound of general formula (VI) and R-X is conducted in a biphasic system consisting of an organic solvent immiscible with water and an aqueous solution of an alkaline base, in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst.
7. A process as claimed in Claim 6, in which the organic solvent is methylene chloride (CH2CI2).
8. A process as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, in which the aqueous solution of the alkaline base is an aqueous NaOH solution at about a 50% concentration.
9. A process as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, in which the phase-transfer catalyst is a quaternary ammonium salt.
1 0. A process as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, in which the reaction mixture is subjected to vigorous agitation for a period of 3 to 4 hours.
1 1.A process for the preparation of compounds of formula VII substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the Examples.
GB7926300A 1978-07-28 1979-07-27 Preparation of 2-substituted-semicarbazones and carbalkoxy hydrazones Expired GB2027705B (en)

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IT26231/78A IT1097754B (en) 1978-07-28 1978-07-28 PREPARATION OF 2-ALCHIL-SEMICARBAZONI AND 2-ALCHIL-CARBALCOSSI-IDRAZONI

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GB (1) GB2027705B (en)
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SU (1) SU1003753A3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0254461A2 (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-27 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Combatting plant nematodes using substituted hydrazones

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56139246A (en) * 1981-03-16 1981-10-30 Ono Naifu Seisakusho:Kk Caulking machine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0254461A2 (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-27 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Combatting plant nematodes using substituted hydrazones
EP0254461A3 (en) * 1986-07-17 1990-06-13 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Combatting plant nematodes using substituted hydrazones
US4983755A (en) * 1986-07-17 1991-01-08 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Substituted hydrazones, process for the preparation and their use as pesticide

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DE2930169A1 (en) 1980-02-07
GB2027705B (en) 1982-11-10
SU1003753A3 (en) 1983-03-07
IT7826231A0 (en) 1978-07-28
IT1097754B (en) 1985-08-31
JPS5520778A (en) 1980-02-14

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