17,585. Albergrer, L. R. Aug. 1. Condensers.-Relates to the surface condensers in which steam and air, entering from above, come into contact with the tubes, so that the flow of the steam, air, and water of condensation is at first all in the same direction, but afterwards the steam and air flow in a direction opposite to that of the water of condensation. The various parts are so arranged that the air is brought into contact with the coolest surfaces in the second chamber, and the water of condensation is brought into contact with the hottest surfaces and with the exhaust steam, before removal. Figs. 1 and 2 show one arrangement in which a condenser serving as the base of a turbine is divided into two sections. The steam enters one section 1 at the top, and after flowing over the tubes passes by the outlets 3 to the lower side of the other section 2. Here the steam and air ascend, the air ultimately being withdrawn at the outlet 12. The cooling-water enters one end of water chamber of the apparatus by the inlet 4 and flows through the tubes to the opposite water chamber 7. Thence it passes by the pipe 6 to the corresponding chambers of the section 1 and traverses the tubes therein to the opposite outlet chamber. Fig. 5 shows another arrangement in which two duplicate condensers are employed. The steam entering the top of each chamber flows downwards over the tubes and under the lower end of a longitudinal baffle 15. Thence the air and vapours ascend to the air outlets 35. The water chambers at one end may be divided by horizontal partitions. The two upper chambers thus formed are connected by a pipe provided with an inlet 26, and the two lower chambers are connected by a pipe provided with an outlet 27. In a modification, the baffle-plates are arranged vertically. Fig. 8 shows another form of apparatus in which the tubes are arranged in the rests 57, 58, 59. The steam inlet 64 is arranged laterally so that the steam and air travel downwards over the tubes and after passing under the lower end of the inclined baffle-plate 65 ascend to the air outlet 67. The end water chambers have horizontal partitions. The water enters by the inlet 68 at the upper end of one water chamber and leaves by the outlet 69 at the opposite chamber. An arrangement is described in which the air outlet is connected to an air-pump, and the water inlet to a circulating-pump. The outlet 66 for the water of condensation is connected to a hot-well pump.