GB190224235A - Improvements in Heating by Means of Electricity. - Google Patents

Abstract

24,235. Bronn, I. J. Nov. 5. Electric furnaces; heating by electricity.-Conductors of carbon or other material of sufficiently high resistance are enclosed in refractory and non- conducting sheaths or tubes, and employed for heating purposes. Fig. 1 shows a carbon rod a enclosed in a porcelain tube b, the current being supplied through the conductors e, annular clips d, and carbon collars c. Several such resistances coupled in parallel or series may be employed in heating, say, a glass furnace, the porcelain tube preventing contact between the glass and the carbon resistance. Casings filled with pounded, flaky, or granular carbon (coke, charcoal, or graphite) may also be used. The metallic conductors to the resistance may be water-cooled. Fig. 5 shows a section of a vessel comprising an inner wall b and an outer wall b<1>, with intermediate portions b<2> separating the chambers a which receive the carbon resistances. The chambers are spaced unequally to produce a higher temperature at one part than at another. Fig. 4 shows a crucible b heated by a carbon resistance a surrounding it, and Fig. 6 shows a crucible heated by suspending the heating-body a within it. The current may also pass from end to end of a box or trough containing the granular carbon. Fig. 9 shows a pot or crucible furnace for glass-making, and Fig. 12 shows a melting or heating furnace of large dimensions, d denoting the conductors and a the carbon mass in each case. Fig. 16 shows a heating conduit for progressive drying, calcining, &c. Mixtures of clay and graphite &c. may be used instead of granular carbon. Among the purposes to which the invention may be applied are the heating of rooms and of cooking-apparatus, distilling-retorts, apparatus for vaporizing liquids, &c.