GB1604717A - Mixed grease thermoparticulating composition - Google Patents
Mixed grease thermoparticulating composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1604717A GB1604717A GB21812/78A GB2181278A GB1604717A GB 1604717 A GB1604717 A GB 1604717A GB 21812/78 A GB21812/78 A GB 21812/78A GB 2181278 A GB2181278 A GB 2181278A GB 1604717 A GB1604717 A GB 1604717A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- grease
- composition according
- temperature
- krytox
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000017915 BDKRB2 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101150022344 BDKRB2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L fluoridophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(F)=O DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000809 Alumel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101001005711 Homo sapiens MARVEL domain-containing protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/26—Thermosensitive paints
Description
(54) MIXED GREASE THERMOPARTICULATING
COMPOSITION
(71) We, WESTINGHOUSE ELEC
TRIC CORPORATION, a corporation organised and existing under the laws of the state of Pennsylvania, United States of America, residing at Westinghouse Building, Gateway
Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222,
United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - This invention relates to thermoparticulating compositions as well as to a method of protecting electrical apparatus from damage due to overheating and for thereafter determining the location of the overheating.
It is to be understood that a compound thermoparticulates if it forms particles which can enter a gas stream passing over the compound and which can be detected in the gas stream.
Electrical apparatus, such as motors and turbine generators, occasionally overheat due to shorts or other malfunctions. The longer the overheating continues the more damage is done to the apparatus. A malfunction detected immediately may mean only a quick repair but if the overheating continues, the entire machine may be damaged.
Large rotating electrical apparatus is usually cooled with a hydrogen gas stream. The organic compounds in the apparatus are first to be affected by the overheating and they decompose to form particles which enter the gas stream. Monitors then detect particles in the gas stream and sound a warning or shut down the apparatus when too many particles are detected. Special coatings, however, may be applied to the apparatus which contains compounds which decompose and form detectable particles at a lower temperature than the usual organic compounds found in the apparatus.
Until now most thermoparticulating compositions consisted of a thermoparticulating compound in a solution of an air-dryable resin.
The composition was applied to an area inside a generator and when the solvent had evaporated a solid coating was formed.
However, there are certain locations in a generator, such as where flaking may block passages (e.g., the inside of parallel rings), where resinous coatings cannot be used. Also, the residual solvent emanating from a resinous coating may occasionally give a false signal in the monitor.
For these reasons the greases described in
U.S. Patent 3,955,417 may be more suitable, because the greases do not flake and do not contain a solvent. The principal disadvantage of using those greases, however, is that they do not thermoparticulate at very low temperatures. Thus, a warning signal may not be given until considerable damage has already occurred.
According to the present invention a solventless composition free of non-grease resin comprises at least one compound stable at 600C which thermoparticulates between 800C and 2000 C; and at least one grease unreactive with said compound and stable at the thermoparticulation temperature of said compound.
The invention also includes a method of protecting electrical apparatus from damage due to overheating and for thereafter determining the location of said overheating, said electrical apparatus including a gas stream and a monitor for detecting particles in said gas stream and for emitting a signal when said particles are detected, said method comprising preparing a composition as recited in the last preceding paragraph; applying said composition to said electrical apparatus at positions exposed to said gas stream; and monitoring said gas stream for the presence of particles therein.
It has thus been found that compounds which thermoparticulate can be incorporated directly into greases, without the use of a solvent or a resin in the final composition.
The compounds thermoparticulate from the grease as easily and at the same temperature as they did from the resin. In addition, if a
thermoparticulating grease is used, it will also
thermoparticulate, giving an additional signal.
The mixed grease of this invention can be
easily applied to inside portions of the
generator. It does not flake or give off solvent
vapors.
A suitable composition is from 10 to 300
parts by weight thermoparticulating compound per 100 parts by weight of grease, and a pre
ferred composition is from 150 to 250 parts
by weight thermoparticulating compound per
100 parts by weight grease. A ratio which has
been used experimentally and has been found
to work well is 2 parts by weight thermo
particulating compound per part by weight of
grease.
Compounds which thermoparticulate bfr tween 80 and 200"C are now well known in
the art. An extensive list of such compounds
can be found in U.S. Patent 3,957,014 and
in Canadian Patent No. 1,079,165. Families
of such compounds include diazonium salts,
malonic acid and its derivatives, metal acetyl
acetonates, blocked isocyanates, sulfonic acids
(U.S. Patent 4,179,926) and metal dithiocar
bamates (U.S. Patent 4,056,006). A par
ticularly useful thermoparticulating compound
is zinc acetylacetonate because it therm particulates at a low temperature with a strong
signal. Mixtures of thermoparticulating corn
pounds can also be used to provide a series
of signals as the temperature rises.
Although greases which do not thermo
particulate can be used, preferably the grease
is a thermoparticulating grease which prefer
ably thermoparticulates at a temperature at
least 20 higher than the thermoparticulating
compound, so that two distinct signals are
received, thereby providing additional con
formation that overheating is occurring. Des
criptions of thermoparticulating greases can
be found in U.S. Patent 3,955,417. Mixtures
of greases are also contemplated.
The thermoparticulating grease composition
of this invention can usually be made by
simply blending the thermoparticulating com
pound and the grease together until a homo
geneous blend is produced. However, some
thermoparticulating compounds, such as, for
example, zinc acetylacetonate, do not blend
well. As to these compounds it may be
necessary to dissolve the compound, and pre
ferably also the grease, in a solvent, e.g. Freon
113 (CC12FCCIF2) (Freon is a Registered
Trade Mark). The solvent is then evaporated
so that the final composition contains no sol
vent, nor does it contain any organic resin.
The absence of solvents in the composition
eliminates the problems of residual solvent
vapors in the generator. The absence of resins eliminates problems with resin flakes clogging ducts and signals resulting from the decomposition of the resin. The composition may contain a small amount (up to 20;, and preferably 3 to 5%, of a thixotrope, e.g. finelydivided silica (e.g., "Cab-O-Sil") if the composition is too liquid to stay in place. ("Cab
O-Sil" is a Registered Trade Mark). The composition is applied by wiping or other means to areas inside the generator which are exposed to the cooling hydrogen gas stream.
The composition is particularly applicable to those areas of the generator where only greases can be used, such as the inside surfaces of parallel rings, or where flaking from decomposing resins could clog passage ducts, or where solvents are not easily evaporated.
The invention will now be illustrated with reference to the following Example:
EXAMPLE.
Compositions of various thermoparticulating greases and various thermoparticulating compounds were prepared using a ratio of 2 parts by weight thermoparticulating compound to
1 part by weight grease. The compositions were prepared by blending until homogenous, except for the composition containing zinc acetylacetonate, which was prepared by form
ing an 80% solids solution of the grease and zinc acetylacetonate in Freon 113 and evaporating the Freon 113. The compositions were coated on 10 mil thick, 4 inches X 1 inch aluminium straps to a depth of about 1 to 3 mils and aged for 16 hours at 60"C except for the compositions which contained benzene
sulfonic acid and benzene disulfonic acid which were not aged as they tended to flow at 60"C.
The samples were placed one at a time in a stainless steel boat within a 1-inch stainless steel tube. Hydrogen was passed over the
samples at a flow rate of 7 1/mien. A phasecontrolled temperature regulator and pro gramme controlled the temperature in the boat
and the temperature in the boat was measured by mounting a hot junction chromel-alumel thermocouple within a small hole in the boat.
The output of the thermocouple and the detector were monitored on a two-pen potentiostatic recorder. A 6"C/min. heating rate was maintained in each experiment after the in
sertion of the sample in the boat. The threshold temperature at which considerable particulation occurred was taken from the chart produced by the recorder. The occurrence of particulation was detected using a Generator
Condition Monitor or a Condensation Nuclei
Monitor. Both instruments are sold by Environment One Corporation.
The following table gives the results:
Thermoparticulating Organoparticulation
Grease Compound Temperature Range ( C) A mixture of about 20% (by weight) telomer of polytetrafluoroethylene and about 80% perfluoro- None 194-198 alkyl polyether, sold by
DuPont under the trade-mark "Krytox 24eAD" A polyurea-thickened hydrocarbon oil sold by Chevron Oil Co.None 181-184 under the trademark "Chevron BRB2"
A grease made of colloidal copper, molybdenum,-sulfide, and a hydrocarbon oil solid None 174-178 by Fel-Pro Company under the trademark "Fel-Pro C-100" "Krytox 240-AD" Zinc acetylacetonate 132-142 "Krytox 240-AD" Malonic acid 133-140 "Krytox 24WAD" pchlorobenzene- diazonium penta
fluorophosphate, sold 125-129
by Ozark-Mahoning Co.
under the trademark "Phosfluorgen 'A' "
"Krytox 240-AD" Benzene-sulfonic acid 125-128 "Krytox 24eAD" Benzene disulfonic acid 147-153
The first number in the organoparticulation range is the temperature of the sample when the alarm sounded on the ion chamber monitor. The second number in the organoparticulation range is the temperature of the sample when the current in the ion chamber had dropped to about half its normal value (i.e., from about 0.8mA to about 014mA).
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A solventless composition free of nongrease resin which comprises at least one compound stable at 600C which thermo particulates, as herein defined, between sOOC and 200"C; and at least one grease unreactive with said compound and stable at the thermoparticulation temperature of said compound.
2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the grease thermoparticulates between 80"C and 200"C, at a temperature higher than the thermoparticulation temperature of the compound.
3. A solventless, resinless composition according to Claim 2, wherein the grease thermoparticulates at least 20"C higher than the thermoparticulating temperature of the compound.
4. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the amount of the compound is from 10 to 300 parts by weight per every 100 parts by weight of the grease.
5. A composition according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the compound is from 150 to 250 parts by weight per every. 100 parts by weight of the grease.
6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound to the grease is about 2:1.
7. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compound is zinc acetylacetonate.
8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein the compound is prepared by dissolving said zinc acetylacetonate and the grease in a solvent and evaporating said solvent.
9. A method of protecting electrical apparatus from damage due to overheating and for thereafter determining the location of said
overheating, said electrical apparatus including a gas stream and a monitor for detecting par
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (10)
1. A solventless composition free of nongrease resin which comprises at least one compound stable at 600C which thermo particulates, as herein defined, between sOOC and 200"C; and at least one grease unreactive with said compound and stable at the thermoparticulation temperature of said compound.
2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the grease thermoparticulates between 80"C and 200"C, at a temperature higher than the thermoparticulation temperature of the compound.
3. A solventless, resinless composition according to Claim 2, wherein the grease thermoparticulates at least 20"C higher than the thermoparticulating temperature of the compound.
4. A composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the amount of the compound is from 10 to 300 parts by weight per every 100 parts by weight of the grease.
5. A composition according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the compound is from 150 to 250 parts by weight per every. 100 parts by weight of the grease.
6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound to the grease is about 2:1.
7. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compound is zinc acetylacetonate.
8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein the compound is prepared by dissolving said zinc acetylacetonate and the grease in a solvent and evaporating said solvent.
9. A method of protecting electrical apparatus from damage due to overheating and for thereafter determining the location of said
overheating, said electrical apparatus including a gas stream and a monitor for detecting par
ticles in said gas stream and for emitting a signal when said particles are detected, said method comprising preparing a composition according to any of claims 1 to 8; applying said composition to said electrical apparatus at positions exposed to said gas stream; and monitoring said gas stream for the presence of particles therein.
10. Solventless compositions free of nongrease resin according to claim 1 and substantially as described herein with particular reference to the foregoing - Example.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83362377A | 1977-09-15 | 1977-09-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1604717A true GB1604717A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
Family
ID=25264891
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB21812/78A Expired GB1604717A (en) | 1977-09-15 | 1978-05-24 | Mixed grease thermoparticulating composition |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5453687A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE870377A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7806030A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1118158A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2837162A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES473113A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1604717A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1107371B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7809697L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4961069B2 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2012-06-27 | ソニー株式会社 | Audio system and electronic equipment |
| JP5135038B2 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2013-01-30 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Lighting device |
| JP5769835B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-26 | 日油技研工業株式会社 | High temperature irreversible temperature control material |
-
1978
- 1978-05-24 GB GB21812/78A patent/GB1604717A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-15 CA CA000309314A patent/CA1118158A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-25 DE DE19782837162 patent/DE2837162A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-09-06 ES ES473113A patent/ES473113A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-11 BE BE190402A patent/BE870377A/en unknown
- 1978-09-13 JP JP11182378A patent/JPS5453687A/en active Pending
- 1978-09-14 SE SE7809697A patent/SE7809697L/en unknown
- 1978-09-14 IT IT41638/78A patent/IT1107371B/en active
- 1978-09-14 BR BR7806030A patent/BR7806030A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5453687A (en) | 1979-04-27 |
| BR7806030A (en) | 1979-04-24 |
| IT7841638A0 (en) | 1978-09-14 |
| SE7809697L (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| CA1118158A (en) | 1982-02-16 |
| IT1107371B (en) | 1985-11-25 |
| ES473113A1 (en) | 1979-10-16 |
| BE870377A (en) | 1979-03-12 |
| DE2837162A1 (en) | 1979-03-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |