GB1597144A - Laminated structures - Google Patents
Laminated structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1597144A GB1597144A GB45816/77A GB4581677A GB1597144A GB 1597144 A GB1597144 A GB 1597144A GB 45816/77 A GB45816/77 A GB 45816/77A GB 4581677 A GB4581677 A GB 4581677A GB 1597144 A GB1597144 A GB 1597144A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bitumen
- sheets
- adhesive
- fabric
- tissue
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate;1,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2O.CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004822 Hot adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/10—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Description
(54) LAMINATED STRUCTURES
(71) We, P & D (BOARDS) LIMITED, a
British Company of Building G1/2, Wem
Industrial Estate, Wem, Shropshire, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to laminated structures in the form of boards coated with a waterproof layer made up of an absorbent carrier material impregnated with a waterproofing substance. The invention is more particularly although not exclusively concerned with the manufacture of such laminated structures for use as roofing material.
A known roofing material is manufactured by bonding a bitumen impregnated felt to a board using hot bitumen as an adhesive.
This method has the disadvantage that it relies on the use of bitumen impregnated felt as a starting material and this may be difficult or inconvenient to handle. Further, the use of hot bitumen as an adhesive may also involve inconvenience or difficulty and further, limits the choice of materials which can be used for the board. It would not be practicable for example to use heat sensitive plastics materials and the method is usually restricted in application to particle board.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of forming a laminated structure which does not rely on the use of an impregnated fabric, nor does it require the use of a hot adhesive substance.
According to the invention therefore there is provided a method of forming a laminated structure comprising the steps of applying an adhesive to one surface of a board, applying a sheet of porous material to said adhesive-coated surface, and then applying a liquid to the sheet of porous material said liquid comprising a substance which impregnates the porous material and renders same waterproof.
With this method it will be readily appreciated that said sheet material need not be impregnated prior to application to the adhesive-coated board whereby conyenience and ease of handling can bye much facilitated. Further, in so far as the adhesive is required simply to form a bond between the porous material and the board it will be appreciated that the adhesive may be in any suitable form and thus need not be heated, although if desired a heated adhesive may be used. More specifically, because the porous material need not be impregnated at the time when it is applied to the adhesive, the adhesive can readily penetrate the porous material and thereby easily form a bond with same even in the absence of heat.
With regard to the board, this may be a particle board, that is, a synthetic board formed from particles or pieces of material which are held together by interlocking and/or bonding of same, such as fiaxhoard, chipboard or the like. Alternatively any other suitable kind of board may be used including wooden boards, foam plastics boards .or moulded plastics boards. It will be coated that the method can be applied to heat senstive materials such as -foamed poly- styrene in so far as heat is not required in the performance of the method.
The said adhesive used in the method will preferably comprise bitumen and this ;will preferably be applied in liquid form, as for example in the form of a soution or a- dispersion in an appropriate solvent. An aqueous emulsion is particularly suitable. Tbe 3iquid adhesive may be spread over the surface of the board in any suitable manner.
The porous material may take any suitable form but is preferably a fabric which may be of felted, woven or other structure. The fabric may be formed from any suitable natural or synthetic fibres including cotton, glass fibres, asbestos fibres and the like.
The weatherproofing substance may be the same as or different from the substance used as the adhesive but preferably- comprises bitumen. The waterproofing substance may be dispersed or dissolved in any suitable liquid but preferably a volatile non-aqueóus liquid is used whereby a dry or rclativ,ely dry surface for the laminated structure can be quickly achieved. Preferably also the liquid acts as a solvent for the said adhesive or at least is compatible with the liquid form of the adhesive whereby the adhesive and waterproofing substance readily intermingle.
It is visualised that the invention will find particular application to the manufacture of roofing material. It is however to be understood that the invention is not restricted to this field and may apply to the manufacture of insulating material or any other suitable material.
The invention will now be described further by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatic illustration of apparatus for use in the mass production of laminated structures in accordance with the method of the invention.
The laminated structures are for use as roofing material and are formed by application of a waterproof covering to chipboard sheets.
Individual sheets 1 are advanced end to end on a conveyor 2. At a first treatment stage 3, an aqueous bitumen emulsion is spread in the form of a coating of uniform thickness over the entire upper surface of each sheet. Spreading apparatus of conventional form utilising an applicator roll 4 is used.
At a second treatment stage 5 a tissue 6 which is a porous fabric of small uniform thickness is applied from a roll 8, by means of a pressure roller 7, over the entire bitumen coated surface of each sheet 1. The fabric 6 is formed from short glass fibres which are held together by bonding. The fabric 6 is strong, dimensionally stable and porous.
The bitumen emulsion on the sheets 1 penetrates slightly the overlying porous fabric 6.
At a third treatment stage 9, the porous fabric 6 on the sheets 1 is sprayed with a solution of bitumen dissolved in a nonaqueous volatile solvent. The bitumen in the solution is a higher grade than the bitumen in the emulsion. Spraying is effected by means of a spray head 10 which is moved repeatedly from side to side across the advancing sheets 1 within an enclosure 11 having an extraction outlet 12 thereto for removing solven fumes. The solution penetrates the tissue and intermingles with the emulsion therebeneath.
The sheets 1 advance further beyond the spraying enclosure 11 and the exposed top surface of the impregnatedt issue 6 quickly becomes relatively dry and hard due to evaporation of the solvent and due to the high grade bitumen used for impregnating the tissue 6. If desired, the evaporation may be assisted by use of heaters and/or air blowers (not shown).
Mineral chippings (not shown) are then applied to the exposed top surface of the impregnated tissue 6 so as to adhere thereto.
The individual sheets 1 are then separated by cutting the impregnated tissue 6 between the sheets 1 and the sheets are then stacked and allowed to dry and harden. Such stacking is possible due to the dry, or relatively dry, surface of the tissue. Alternatively, drying and hardening may be assisted in an oven or the like.
The resulting laminated structures have a strong waterproof covering of adequately large uniform thickness securely affixed to the top surface of the chipboard sheets whereby the laminated structures are suitable for use as roofing materials.
It will be appreciated that the method described above is particularly simple and convenient to perform having regard to the fact that bitumen in emulsion and in solution is used instead of molten bitumen and having regard to the fact that a light, thin tissue is used rather than a heavy bulky impregnated felt.
It is of course to be understood that the invention is not intended to be restricted to the details of the above embodiment which are described by way of example only. Thus, for example, instead of chipboard sheets, sheets of of foamed plastics or any other suitable material or combination of materials may be used. Also, instead of glass fibre fabric, a rag-based fabric, asbestos material or any other suitable material may be used. The aqueous bitumen emulsion may also incorporate other materials e.g. latex and/or fillers.
It will be noted in the above embodiment that the bitumen material is not heated and the glass fibre fabric is not pre-impregnated.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A method of forming a laminated structure comprising the steps of applying an adhesive to one surface of a board, applying a sheet of porous material to said adhesive-coated surface, and then applyingl a liquid to the sheet of porous material, said liquid comprising a substance which impregnates the porous material and renders same waterproof.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the board is a particle board.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive is applied in liquid form.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive is a bitument adhesive.
5. A method according to claim 4, when dependent on claim 3, wherein the bitumen is in the form of an aqueous emulsion.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adhesive is applied to the board by a roller.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the porous material is a fabric.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (13)
1. A method of forming a laminated structure comprising the steps of applying an adhesive to one surface of a board, applying a sheet of porous material to said adhesive-coated surface, and then applyingl a liquid to the sheet of porous material, said liquid comprising a substance which impregnates the porous material and renders same waterproof.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the board is a particle board.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive is applied in liquid form.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive is a bitument adhesive.
5. A method according to claim 4, when dependent on claim 3, wherein the bitumen is in the form of an aqueous emulsion.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adhesive is applied to the board by a roller.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the porous material is a fabric.
8. A method according to claim 7,
wherein the fabric is formed from glass fibres.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the waterproofing
substance comprises bitumen.
10. A method according to any one of
claims 1 to 9, wherein the liquid comprising
the waterproofing substance is sprayed onto
the porous material.
11. A method according to any one of
claims 1 to 10, wherein the waterproofing substance is applied to the porous material in a volatile non-aqueous liquid medium.
12. A method according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
13. A laminated structure when formed by the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45816/77A GB1597144A (en) | 1978-05-30 | 1978-05-30 | Laminated structures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45816/77A GB1597144A (en) | 1978-05-30 | 1978-05-30 | Laminated structures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1597144A true GB1597144A (en) | 1981-09-03 |
Family
ID=10438713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45816/77A Expired GB1597144A (en) | 1978-05-30 | 1978-05-30 | Laminated structures |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1597144A (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-05-30 GB GB45816/77A patent/GB1597144A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |