GB1594683A - Low pressure mercury-vapour discharge lamp - Google Patents
Low pressure mercury-vapour discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1594683A GB1594683A GB19060/78A GB1906078A GB1594683A GB 1594683 A GB1594683 A GB 1594683A GB 19060/78 A GB19060/78 A GB 19060/78A GB 1906078 A GB1906078 A GB 1906078A GB 1594683 A GB1594683 A GB 1594683A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- neon
- krypton
- helium
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001621399 Lampris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VKDJIPBMRCGQMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon krypton xenon Chemical compound [Ar].[Kr].[Xe] VKDJIPBMRCGQMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/01—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens
- B60R25/02—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the steering mechanism
- B60R25/022—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the steering mechanism operating on the steering wheel, e.g. bars locked to the steering wheel rim
- B60R25/0221—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the steering mechanism operating on the steering wheel, e.g. bars locked to the steering wheel rim restraining means joining the steering wheel with another part of the car, e.g. pedals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
- H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Description
(54) LOW PRESSURE MERCURY-VAPOUR DISCHARGE LAMP
(71) We, PATENT-TREUHAND
GESELLSCHAFT FUR ELEKTRISCHE
GLUHLAMPEN m.b.H., of 1 Hellabrunner
Strasse, 8 Munchen 90, Federal Republic of
Germany, a German body corporate, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method buy which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
The invention relates to a low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp with a phosphor coating applied to the inner wall surface of the discharge tube, the inner diameter of the discharge tube being smaller than 36 mm and containing a fill of basic gas which is a mixture of at least two inert gases.
It is knownper se that under certain conditions it is possible to obtain with low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamps an increased luminous efficiency when reducing the inner diameter of the discharge tube relative to a standard lamp. Generally, a standard lamp means a fluorescent lamp which - apart from the data defined by the IEC-publications 81 - has an inner diameter of 36 mm, a spacing of the electrode coil from the bottom of the base of from 30 to 40 mm, and a fill of basic gas of about 3.3 millibars of argon. The reduction of the tube diameter brings about not only a change in luminous efficiency but also in the electric operating data of the lamps. For example, with the characteristic basic gas fill of argon for the standard lamp, the operating voltage of the lamp increases, whereas at the same time the lamp current decreases. Since the electrodes of the lamp are adapted to predetermined operating currents, the starting and service life characteristics of the lamp are impaired if the electrodes are not adjusted to the new operating conditions. With regard to the operating voltage, it has to be taken into account that the existing installations permit only small tolerances. As a rule, lamps of increased operating voltage cannot be operated in these installations. In order to avoid the drawbacks of a reduction in diameter, the lamps disclosed in US-PS 3 538 370 are subject to a structural change intended to effect a drop in the operating voltage. By retaining the overall outer length of the lamp, the spacings of the electrode coils from the respective lamp ends are enlarged whereby the electrode spacing and, consequently, the operating voltage is reduced. In order to adapt the electrodes to the altered current intensity, the electrode coils in these lamps are made of a wire of reduced thickness. In another publication (DT-OS 2 255 165) in which lamps are also disclosed which have a reduced diameter of the discharge tube, the electrode spacing is also reduced for the aforesaid reasons by enlarging the spacing of the electrode coils from the lamp ends. Instead of adapting the electrode coils to the changed operating conditions, there is used in these lamps a mixture of xenon-krypton-argon as the basic gas.
Though the filament life is at least kept constant in spite of lower current, the luminous efficiency is lower than would be the case with a lamp of the same structure but with argon as the basic gas.
The present invention seeks to devise a lamp of increased luminous efficiency relative to known lamps which can be operated in existing lighting installations. Also, no further structural change of the lamp should be carried out apart from the change in diameter because of the cost involved.
According to the invention, there is provided a low pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp comprising a discharge tube of an interior diameter of from 20 to 35 mm, an electrode spaced 40 mm or less from each tube end, a lamp length according to lEC- publication 81, and a basic gas comprising a mixture of at least two inert gases of which one has an atomic weight higher and another has an atomic weight lower than argon, at an inert gas pressure of-from 0.65 to 3.2 millibars. Preferably a phosphor coating is applied to the inner wall surface of the discharge tube.
It is of advantage to provide an inner diameter of the discharge tube of from 23 to 30 mm. a spacing of the electrode coil from the bottom of the base of from 30 to 40 mm, and a pressure of the inert gases in the lamp ranging from 1.1 to 2.3 millibars. In specific cases, however, the spacing of the electrode coil from the bottom of the base may be smaller. A predetermined ratio of mixture of the inert gases has to be observed. In accordance with the invention, the following combinations proved suitable: 90-50% krypton and 10-50% neon or 95-70% krypton and 5-30% helium or 95-60% xenon and 5-40% helium or 95-40% xenon and 5-60% neon.
Furthermore, the presence of at least one amalgam in the lamp may be desirable in specific cases and assist in stabilizing the optimum mercury-vapor pressure. Mixtures of three inert gases e.g. xenon, neon and helium or krypton, neon and helium may also be used.
With the lamp in accordance with the invention, the coordination of inner diameter, gas pressure, gas selection and gas composition relative to one another, surprisingly revealed that, without changing the overall lamp length and the electrode spacing, the electrical data determined by the lEC- publication 81 can be observed and, consequently, no further changes such as filament wire thickness or the like, have to be made so that processing with the conventional semifinished products and machines is possible.
Nevertheless, the lamp can be used as a replacement for conventional standard lamps in existing installations and its luminous efficiency is increased by more than 10%.
In the following, cooperation of the individual components will be explained in more detail by way of example. When changing the inner diameter to 25 mm, in a 40 W standard lamp which, as already mentioned, has an inner diameter of 36 mm and argon at a pressure of about 3.3 millibars as the basic gas, then the discharge current drops from 435 mA to 388 mA, i.e., by more than 10%.
The operating voltage of the lamp rises from 102 V to 121 V, i.e. by 20%. With these high operating voltages there is the risk that, apart from starting difficulties, the starter connected in parallel with the lamp during operation, responds continuously thus involving drawbacks as to useful life, etc. By replacing argon by one of the inert gas mixtures in accordance with the invention, for example, 70% krypton and 30% neon at a pressure of 1.6 millibars, unexpectedly it is possible to increase the discharge current to 425 mA and to set the operating voltage to 108 V.
With a power input of 37.6 W, the lamp yields a luminous flux of 3440 lumens. This corresponds to a luminous efficiency of 91.5 lumens per watt. By this the luminous efficiency has been increased by about 15% relative to the standard lamp and exhibits at least the same service life.
The change to a reduced diameter which, of course, can also be effected in case of ringor U-shaped lamps, offers further advantages such as savings in materials, e.g., up to 30% of glass and of possibly expensive phosphors, and a cost reduction in packaging, transport and storage.
Furthermore it should be mentioned that low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamps without phosphor coating are used as UVradiation sources. The above described effect on the discharge according to the invention leads also in this case to an increase in radiant efficiency.
An exemplified embodiment of the lamp in accordance with the invention is illustrated in the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a lamp in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 gives a survey of percentage increase in luminous efficiency in umens per watt in a lamp according to the invention as compared with a standard lamp.
In Fig. 1, the electrode stems 3 comprising flare stem 4, pinch seal 5 through which the lead-in wires 6 and 7 are passed, and exhaust tube 8, are sealed to the ends of lamp bulb 1 which is internally provided with a phosphor coating 2. The electrode coil 9 coated with oxide paste is affixed to the inner ends of lead-in wires 6 and 7. The diameter of the lamp bulb 1 is 25 mm. The spacing of the electrode coil from the bottom of the base, i.e. from the end of the tube, is about 36 mm.
The lamp contains at least 5 mg of mercury and, as the basic gas, a mixture of inert gases of 70% krypton and 30% neon. The pressure of the inert gas mixture is 1.6 millibars. The lamp length and the electrical data of the lamp comply with the values as determined by the IEC-publication 81.
Fig. 2 clearly shows that by varying the tube diameter, it is possible to obtain an increase in luminous efficiency of about 7.4% - however, with all the aforesaid drawbacks but with the lamp embodiment according to the invention, an increase of about 14% is obtained without any drawbacks whatsoever.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A low pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp comprising a discharge tube of an interior diameter of from 20 to 35 mm, an electrode spaced 40 mm or less from each tube end, a lamp length according to IECpublication 81, and a basic gas comprising a mixture of at least two inert gases of which one has an atomic weight higher and another has an atomic weight lower than argon, at an inert gas pressure of from 0.65 to 3.2 millibars.
2. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1, wherein a phosphor coating is applied to the inner wall surface of the discharge tube.
3. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge vessel has an inner diameter of from 23 to 30 mm.
4. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the pressure of the inert gases is
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (9)
1. A low pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp comprising a discharge tube of an interior diameter of from 20 to 35 mm, an electrode spaced 40 mm or less from each tube end, a lamp length according to IECpublication 81, and a basic gas comprising a mixture of at least two inert gases of which one has an atomic weight higher and another has an atomic weight lower than argon, at an inert gas pressure of from 0.65 to 3.2 millibars.
2. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1, wherein a phosphor coating is applied to the inner wall surface of the discharge tube.
3. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge vessel has an inner diameter of from 23 to 30 mm.
4. A lamp as claimed in Claim 1,2 or 3, wherein the pressure of the inert gases is
from 1.1 to 2.3 millibars.
5. A lamp as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 4, wherein the fill of inert gases comprises 90-50% krypton and 10-50% neon or 95-70% krypton and 5-30% helium or 95-60% xenon and 5-40% helium or 95-40% xenon and 5-60% neon.
6. A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the fill of inert gases comprises xenon, neon and helium or krypton, neon and helium.
7. A lamp as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 6, wherein the discharge vessel contains at least one amalgam.
8. A lamp as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 7, wherein the spacing of each electrode from its respective tube end is from 30 to 40 mm.
9. A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp substantially as described herein with reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2722694A DE2722694C2 (en) | 1977-05-18 | 1977-05-18 | Mercury vapor low pressure discharge lamp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1594683A true GB1594683A (en) | 1981-08-05 |
Family
ID=6009399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB19060/78A Expired GB1594683A (en) | 1977-05-18 | 1978-05-11 | Low pressure mercury-vapour discharge lamp |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2722694C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2391558A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1594683A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1107874B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008140889A3 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2009-02-12 | Gen Electric | Low wattage fluorescent lamp |
| US7948182B2 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2011-05-24 | Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp with a reduced argon proportion in the gas filling |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7811351A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-05-20 | Philips Nv | LOW-PRESSURE MERCURY DISCHARGE LAMP. |
| NL185639C (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1990-06-01 | Philips Nv | LOW-PRESSURE MERCURY DISCHARGE LAMP. |
| DE3305625A1 (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-08-23 | Ceag Licht- Und Stromversorgungstechnik Gmbh, 4770 Soest | Method for operating a fluorescent lamp |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL153292B (en) * | 1949-06-29 | Atag Bv Apparatenfab | WASHING, RINSING OR COLLECTING BIN. | |
| US3373303A (en) * | 1965-04-29 | 1968-03-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Amalgam-containing fluorescent lamp with integral starting aid |
| CA971214A (en) * | 1971-11-12 | 1975-07-15 | Matsushita Electronics Corporation | Fluorescent tube for lamp |
-
1977
- 1977-05-18 DE DE2722694A patent/DE2722694C2/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-05-11 GB GB19060/78A patent/GB1594683A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-05-17 IT IT68131/78A patent/IT1107874B/en active
- 1978-05-17 FR FR7814541A patent/FR2391558A1/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7948182B2 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2011-05-24 | Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung | Low-pressure gas discharge lamp with a reduced argon proportion in the gas filling |
| WO2008140889A3 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2009-02-12 | Gen Electric | Low wattage fluorescent lamp |
| US7800291B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2010-09-21 | General Electric Company | Low wattage fluorescent lamp |
| CN101689475B (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2014-06-25 | 通用电气公司 | Low wattage fluorescent lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2722694A1 (en) | 1978-11-30 |
| FR2391558B1 (en) | 1983-04-29 |
| IT7868131A0 (en) | 1978-05-17 |
| FR2391558A1 (en) | 1978-12-15 |
| DE2722694C2 (en) | 1985-01-10 |
| IT1107874B (en) | 1985-12-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19920511 |