GB1592946A - Intumescent coating materials - Google Patents
Intumescent coating materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1592946A GB1592946A GB49567/76A GB4956776A GB1592946A GB 1592946 A GB1592946 A GB 1592946A GB 49567/76 A GB49567/76 A GB 49567/76A GB 4956776 A GB4956776 A GB 4956776A GB 1592946 A GB1592946 A GB 1592946A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- resin
- intumescent
- composition
- pts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OWUDFCCCSKRXAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical group OC(=O)C(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 OWUDFCCCSKRXAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical group NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCC(=O)O)(=O)O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- KCZIUKYAJJEIQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazin-2-amine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC=N1 KCZIUKYAJJEIQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NAMCDLUESQLMOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical group CCC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 NAMCDLUESQLMOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NJYZCEFQAIUHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoguanamine Chemical group CC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 NJYZCEFQAIUHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC)(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)O)(=O)O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 usually polyhydric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorendic acid Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C2(Cl)C(C(=O)O)C(C(O)=O)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-BPOCMEKLSA-N (1s,4r,5s,6r)-1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)[C@]2(Cl)[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@]1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-BPOCMEKLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEJFMOILXWJPCN-ODZAUARKSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 CEJFMOILXWJPCN-ODZAUARKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHUGKEQJSLOLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CBr)CBr CHUGKEQJSLOLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMAAWZONVLTAMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromopropyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCC(Br)CBr GMAAWZONVLTAMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYXHKHDZJSDWEF-LHLOQNFPSA-N CCCCCCC1=C(CCCCCC)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)CC1 Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=C(CCCCCC)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)CC1 KYXHKHDZJSDWEF-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000756759 Homo sapiens MHC class II regulatory factor RFX1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022819 MHC class II regulatory factor RFX1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPLVDHZTYBSFMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 HPLVDHZTYBSFMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URQWFHGMQAUTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro ethyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)OCl URQWFHGMQAUTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-NXVVXOECSA-N dioctyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCCCCCC TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-NXVVXOECSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004335 litholrubine BK Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUSFEBGYPWJUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaazanium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O GUSFEBGYPWJUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G63/682—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing halogens
- C08G63/6824—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing halogens derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/6828—Polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
- C09D5/185—Intumescent paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/10—Organic materials containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/06—Organic materials
- C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
- Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S521/907—Nonurethane flameproofed cellular product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Priority Applications (31)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB49567/76A GB1592946A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1976-11-27 | Intumescent coating materials |
| US05/851,375 US4195115A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-14 | Coating compositions |
| US05/851,380 US4144385A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-14 | Intumescent coating materials |
| IL53393A IL53393A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-15 | Intumescent coating compositions |
| ZA00776804A ZA776804B (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-15 | Improvements in or relating to intumescent coating materials |
| ZA00776803A ZA776803B (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-15 | Coating compositions |
| IL5339477A IL53394A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-15 | Intumescent coating compositions |
| CA291,015A CA1106549A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-16 | Coating compositions |
| CA291,066A CA1106550A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-16 | Intumescent coating materials |
| NL7712906A NL7712906A (nl) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-23 | Opzwellend mengsel. |
| BE182873A BE861122A (fr) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-23 | Compositions de revetement intumescentes |
| BE182874A BE861123A (fr) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-23 | Compositions de revetement |
| AU30914/77A AU3091477A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-24 | Intumescent coating materials |
| AU30913/77A AU3091377A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-24 | Intumescent compositions |
| NZ185781A NZ185781A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-24 | Intumescent composition comprising a 2-amino-s-triazine derivative as a blowing agent |
| NZ18578277A NZ185782A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-24 | Intumescent composition based on plasticized unsaturated polyester in an unsaturated monomer |
| SE7713302A SE7713302L (sv) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-24 | Overdragskomposition |
| FR7735467A FR2372218A1 (fr) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Compositions intumescentes, notamment pour revetements gelifies |
| NO774050A NO774050L (no) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Produkt som har evne til aa svulme opp |
| PT6732977A PT67329B (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Coating compositions |
| ES464488A ES464488A1 (es) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Procedimiento para preparar una composicion intumescente |
| SE7713361A SE7713361L (sv) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Komposition |
| ES464489A ES464489A1 (es) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Procedimiento para preparar una composicion intumescente de revestimiento |
| BR7707852A BR7707852A (pt) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Aperfeicoamento em composicao intumescente |
| PT67328A PT67328B (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Improvements in or relating to intumescent coating materials |
| NO774049A NO774049L (no) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Svellende produkt. |
| NL7713002A NL7713002A (nl) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Opzwellend mengsel. |
| FR7735466A FR2372217A1 (fr) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Compositions intumescentes a agent gonflant, notamment pour materiaux ignifuges |
| BR7707853A BR7707853A (pt) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-25 | Composicao intumescente |
| JP14256177A JPS5377264A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-28 | Expandable composition |
| JP14256077A JPS5369272A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1977-11-28 | Expandable composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB49567/76A GB1592946A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1976-11-27 | Intumescent coating materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1592946A true GB1592946A (en) | 1981-07-15 |
Family
ID=10452762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB49567/76A Expired GB1592946A (en) | 1976-11-27 | 1976-11-27 | Intumescent coating materials |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4144385A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| JP (1) | JPS5369272A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AU (1) | AU3091477A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| BE (2) | BE861122A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| BR (1) | BR7707852A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| CA (1) | CA1106550A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ES (1) | ES464488A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| FR (1) | FR2372217A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| GB (1) | GB1592946A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| IL (1) | IL53393A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| NL (1) | NL7713002A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| NO (1) | NO774050L (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| NZ (1) | NZ185781A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| PT (1) | PT67328B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| SE (1) | SE7713361L (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ZA (2) | ZA776804B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2200915A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-17 | Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie | An insulating composition for producing an insulating layer on a rocket solid propellant charge |
| DE102007034458A1 (de) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-22 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Harzsystem für Intumeszent Beschichtung mit verbesserter Metallhaftung |
| EP1636318B2 (en) † | 2003-06-24 | 2011-05-18 | W. & J. Leigh & Co. | Intumescent coating compositions |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5924589A (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 1999-07-20 | Gordon; Gerald A. | Fire resistant composite intermediate bulk container |
| US5984126A (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 1999-11-16 | Gbc Holding Co. | Container with fire protective intumescent layer |
| GB0428005D0 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2005-01-26 | W & J Leigh & Co | Intumescent coating compositions |
| DE102005003167B4 (de) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-07-12 | Manfred PETERMÜLLER | Brandschutzmittel, sowie Verfahren zu dessen Anwendung |
| US8029704B2 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2011-10-04 | American Thermal Holding Company | Flexible protective coating |
| US7652087B2 (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2010-01-26 | American Thermal Holdings Company | Protective coating |
| US8555566B2 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2013-10-15 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Two-piece track system |
| US8499512B2 (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2013-08-06 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Exterior wall construction product |
| US10563399B2 (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2020-02-18 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Two-piece track system |
| US8087205B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2012-01-03 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall construction product |
| US10619347B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2020-04-14 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall and ceiling system |
| US7681365B2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2010-03-23 | James Alan Klein | Head-of-wall fireblock systems and related wall assemblies |
| US8671632B2 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2014-03-18 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Wall gap fire block device, system and method |
| US9683364B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2017-06-20 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall construction product |
| US8793947B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2014-08-05 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall construction product |
| CA2736834C (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2015-12-15 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall construction product |
| US10184246B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2019-01-22 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated wall construction product |
| US8590231B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-11-26 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint system |
| US9045899B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2015-06-02 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint system |
| US12215498B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2025-02-04 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated joint system |
| US8595999B1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2013-12-03 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint system |
| US9523193B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-12-20 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint system |
| US10077550B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-09-18 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint system |
| WO2015073229A1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hot melt intumescent materials for fire protection |
| US9879421B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2018-01-30 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-resistant angle and related assemblies |
| US10000923B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2018-06-19 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire blocking reveal |
| US9752318B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2017-09-05 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire blocking reveal |
| US9551148B2 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2017-01-24 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Header track with stud retention feature |
| WO2019158866A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-22 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Procede de depot d'un revetement intumescent organique sur feuille de verre |
| FR3078014A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-16 | 2019-08-23 | Saint Gobain Glass France | Vitrage anti-feu |
| US10689842B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2020-06-23 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Multi-layer fire-rated joint component |
| US10753084B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2020-08-25 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire-rated joint component and wall assembly |
| US11162259B2 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Mechanically fastened firestop flute plug |
| US11111666B2 (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2021-09-07 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Fire or sound blocking components and wall assemblies with fire or sound blocking components |
| US10914065B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2021-02-09 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Wall joint or sound block component and wall assemblies |
| US11268274B2 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2022-03-08 | California Expanded Metal Products Company | Two-piece deflection drift angle |
| US11920343B2 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2024-03-05 | Cemco, Llc | Fire-rated wall joint component and related assemblies |
| US12454824B2 (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2025-10-28 | Cemco, Llc | Building joint with compressible firestopping component |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2596938A (en) * | 1948-12-30 | 1952-05-13 | Monsanto Chemicals | Coating composition composed of nitrogen-phosphorus compound with an aldehyde resin together with a water-soluble alkyd resin |
| US2984640A (en) * | 1956-12-06 | 1961-05-16 | Albi Mfg Company Inc | Weather resistant, fire retardant paint containing chlorine-containing organic polymer, and a spumific |
| US3037951A (en) * | 1959-07-21 | 1962-06-05 | Moore Benjamin & Co | Intumescing, water resistant fire retardant compositions comprising at least one water-insoluble metal metaphosphate, a polypentaerythritol, and a water insoluble aminoplast resin |
| US3396129A (en) * | 1964-07-31 | 1968-08-06 | Agriculture Usa | Intumescing fire-retardant coating compositions and method for making same |
| US3422046A (en) * | 1966-02-03 | 1969-01-14 | Sherwin Williams Co | Coating containing a condensate of a phosphate ether polyol and a melamine,an alkylated amine,and a halogenated hydrocarbon |
| US3914193A (en) * | 1969-04-17 | 1975-10-21 | American Cyanamid Co | Intumescent coating compositions containing crystalline melamine pyrophosphate |
| US3654190A (en) * | 1970-05-28 | 1972-04-04 | Us Navy | Fire retardant intumescent paint |
| US4043950A (en) * | 1973-08-27 | 1977-08-23 | Wilmsen Hans | Process for the manufacture of plastic foams and flame-proofing foams characterized by the use of a carrier foam |
| US3955987A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1976-05-11 | Monsanto Research Corporation | Intumescent compositions and substrates coated therewith |
| US4026810A (en) * | 1976-03-02 | 1977-05-31 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Intumescent flame retardants |
| US4035315A (en) * | 1976-05-03 | 1977-07-12 | Arco Polymers, Inc. | Fire-resistant styrene polymer foams |
-
1976
- 1976-11-27 GB GB49567/76A patent/GB1592946A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-11-14 US US05/851,380 patent/US4144385A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-11-15 ZA ZA00776804A patent/ZA776804B/xx unknown
- 1977-11-15 IL IL53393A patent/IL53393A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-15 ZA ZA00776803A patent/ZA776803B/xx unknown
- 1977-11-16 CA CA291,066A patent/CA1106550A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-23 BE BE182873A patent/BE861122A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-23 BE BE182874A patent/BE861123A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-24 NZ NZ185781A patent/NZ185781A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-24 AU AU30914/77A patent/AU3091477A/en active Pending
- 1977-11-25 NO NO774050A patent/NO774050L/no unknown
- 1977-11-25 PT PT67328A patent/PT67328B/pt unknown
- 1977-11-25 SE SE7713361A patent/SE7713361L/xx unknown
- 1977-11-25 FR FR7735466A patent/FR2372217A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-11-25 ES ES464488A patent/ES464488A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-11-25 BR BR7707852A patent/BR7707852A/pt unknown
- 1977-11-25 NL NL7713002A patent/NL7713002A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-11-28 JP JP14256077A patent/JPS5369272A/ja active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2200915A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-17 | Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie | An insulating composition for producing an insulating layer on a rocket solid propellant charge |
| EP1636318B2 (en) † | 2003-06-24 | 2011-05-18 | W. & J. Leigh & Co. | Intumescent coating compositions |
| US8784705B2 (en) | 2003-06-24 | 2014-07-22 | W. & J. Leigh & Co. | Intumescent coating compositions |
| DE102007034458A1 (de) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-22 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Harzsystem für Intumeszent Beschichtung mit verbesserter Metallhaftung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ185781A (en) | 1980-04-28 |
| JPS5369272A (en) | 1978-06-20 |
| FR2372217A1 (fr) | 1978-06-23 |
| SE7713361L (sv) | 1978-05-28 |
| CA1106550A (en) | 1981-08-04 |
| PT67328A (en) | 1977-12-01 |
| ZA776804B (en) | 1978-09-27 |
| BR7707852A (pt) | 1978-07-11 |
| US4144385A (en) | 1979-03-13 |
| ES464488A1 (es) | 1979-06-01 |
| BE861123A (fr) | 1978-05-23 |
| BE861122A (fr) | 1978-05-23 |
| AU3091477A (en) | 1979-05-31 |
| NO774050L (no) | 1978-05-30 |
| ZA776803B (en) | 1978-09-27 |
| IL53393A0 (en) | 1978-01-31 |
| FR2372217B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1980-08-22 |
| IL53393A (en) | 1981-09-13 |
| PT67328B (en) | 1979-04-24 |
| NL7713002A (nl) | 1978-05-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |