GB1588191A - Treatment of waste material - Google Patents
Treatment of waste material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1588191A GB1588191A GB960477A GB960477A GB1588191A GB 1588191 A GB1588191 A GB 1588191A GB 960477 A GB960477 A GB 960477A GB 960477 A GB960477 A GB 960477A GB 1588191 A GB1588191 A GB 1588191A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- liquid
- incinerator
- comminuted
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010887 waste solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
(54) TREATMENT OF WASTE MATERIAL
(71) We, GENERAL ENGINEERING CO.
(RADCLIFFE) LIMITED, a British Company, of Station Works, Bury Road, Radcliffe,
Manchester M26 9UR, do hereby declare
the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be par
ticularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to the treatment of waste materials, and more particularly the treatment of liquid waste materials.
One of the consequences of industrial development is the production of by-products for which no immediate use can be found.
Such by-products are regarded as waste. In the past waste of this kind was dumped in tips or discharged into rivers regardless of the effect it might have on the surrounding flora and fauna. Present day concern for the country side has led to creation of regulations to prevent disposal of waste where it can harm the environment. One way of dealing with this problem is to transport such waste to places where it can be dumped.
However such places are not easily found and those few that exist can be long distances from the place where the waste is produced meansing transport of the waste material with all the expense and risk entailed thereby. Another method of dealing with waste is by expensive treatment processes.
As''an alternative to disposal of untreated waste the aim of the present invention is the inexpensive treatment of waste so that it is no longer ecologically harmful.
The present invention provides a method of treating liquid waste material comprising comminuting domestic refuse to which nonvolatile liquid waste has been added to aid said comminuting process, continuing the comminuting process until said domestic waste/non-volatile waste mixture is reduced predominantly to combustible substantially free flowing small particles, feeding the freeflowing particulate comminuted waste to an incinerator where, if required, further waste may be added, and where combustion is effected without the addition of any further fuel.
In essence, therefore, the present invention consists of two stages; a first stage' wherein domestic refuse and non-volatile liquid waste is comminuted and a second stage wherein the comminuted waste and where required, additional noxious waste is burnt in an incinerator. The first stage of the method is preferably carried out using a rotatable drum. The drum comprises a very large slowly revolving horizontally mounted cylinder into which waste is charged at one end and from which the same waste in a comminutaed state is discharged some hours later. For comminution of waste using a rotary drum, liquid must be added.
As the drum is rotated and the solid content of the material contained therein becomes wetted-out with the liquid material, pulverization and homogenisation is achieved, breakdown of some of the solid materials, particularly those with a low wet strength, being assisted by the presence of the liquid in the drum. In accordance with the present invention liquid added to the domestic waste charged to the drum is waste liquid which in its untreated state cannot normally be discharged into domestic main drains, which is not volatile, which will not deleteriously affect the drum and which can be broken down by heat to harmless product or products which can be readily rendered harmless.There are, of course, a multitude of waste liquids which meet the above criteria of which the following are typical examples: waste ink, garage washdown waste (detergent/ oil/ grease/ water) waste antifreeze/water mixture, waste inorganic chemical solutions or suspensions, waste liquid organic chemicals such as gelatine solution, waste solvents, heavy ends from hydrocarbon distillation and so on.
The material emerging from the drum consists largely of finely comminuted paper -and other vegetable matter impregnated and coated with the non volatile liquid waste.
There may also be a certain amount of mineral, glass and/or metal particles in corporated with the vegetable waste. Large objects may not always be reduced in size by the drum; they can be removed however by, for example, magnetic separation and or screening. Large pieces of combustible material can be pulverized by other known means and fed to the drum for homogenization. The resultant comminuted waste material constitutes a combustible material which can be readily handled. The calorific value of the comminuted waste depends on the nature of the waste refuse and non volatile liquid waste. Normally it will have a low calorific value but if the non volatile liquid waste has some calorific value then naturally the calorific value of the comminuted waste will be improved.
The ratio of the liquid waste to domestic waste will be limited by the nature of the liquid waste and the absorption capacity of the domestic waste. Excessive levels of liquid could lower the calorific value of the comminuted waste below a suitable level for the incinerator being used. Generally fluidized bed incinerators will operate with lower calorific value fuels than other types. The comminuted waste being in free flowing particulate form is easily charged into the incinerator. If excess liquid waste is present in the comminuted waste the handlability thereof will be impaired. For example the particles may stick together or even form a paste.
The comminuted waste produced in the first stage is charged to an incinerator known per se and further waste liquid or solid) may be added at this stage to utilise excess heat of combustion. The waste added at this stage is generally a waste which cannot be charged to the drum because it is toxic, too volatile and/or because it will damage the drum. In addition the waste added in the second stage is one which cannot be discharged in its untreated state into domestic drains and which can be broken down by heat.
The comminuted waste which emerges from the drum is of a substantially uniform quality and changes only slowly. This means that its calorific value, if it changes at all, will only change slowly over a period of time thus making the operation of the incinerator more readily controllable, than with raw comminuted waste produced for example by a hammer mill.
When the incinerator is of the fluidized bed type, the bed material is chosen in accordance with the nature of the products of combustion, that is acidic or alkaline. It is not essential to the invention that incineration result in the waste materials being converted into products which can be released to the environment without further treat- ment. For example if the liquid waste upon
heating in the incinerator produced ammonia that product could be removed from the incinerator exhaust gases by conventional means such as a scrubber. In those cases where hydrocarbon liquid waste is being treated the products will normally be carbon dioxide and water in the form of steam which can be usually discharged directly to atmosphere.
The present invention provides, therefore, in a single method the means whereby many different kinds of waste may be treated so that they can be handled or disposed of by conventional methods. If a liquid waste is not one which can be added in the first stage it will normally be found to be one which can be added in the second stage. It will be understood that adjustments and modifications to the invention may need to be made so as to ensure that it will act effectively on differing kinds of liquid waste. Such adjustments and modifications will, however, be apparent to a chemical engineer once the nature of the liquid waste to be treated is known.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A method of treating liquid waste material comprising comminuting domestic refuse to which non-volatile liquid waste has been added to aid said comminuting process, continuing the comminuting process until said domestic waste/non-volatile waste mixture is reduced predominantly to combustible substantially free flowing small particles, feeding the free-flowing particulate comminuted waste to an incinerator where, if required, further waste may be added, and where combustion is effected without the addition of any further fuel.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the comminuting is effected in a rotatable drum.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the drum comprises a substantially horizontally disposed cylinder having an inlet for receiving waste at one end and an outlet for discharging comminuted waste at the other end.
4. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the liquid waste includes liquid which cannot normally be discharged into domestic drains, and which is broken down by heat.
5. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein solids above a predetermined size are removed from the comminuted waste prior to incineration.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the solids are removed by screening.
7. A method as claimed in Claim 5 or Claim 6, wherein the solids are removed by magnetic separation.
8. A method as claimed in any of
Claims 5 to 7, wherein the removed solids
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (12)
1. A method of treating liquid waste material comprising comminuting domestic refuse to which non-volatile liquid waste has been added to aid said comminuting process, continuing the comminuting process until said domestic waste/non-volatile waste mixture is reduced predominantly to combustible substantially free flowing small particles, feeding the free-flowing particulate comminuted waste to an incinerator where, if required, further waste may be added, and where combustion is effected without the addition of any further fuel.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the comminuting is effected in a rotatable drum.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the drum comprises a substantially horizontally disposed cylinder having an inlet for receiving waste at one end and an outlet for discharging comminuted waste at the other end.
4. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the liquid waste includes liquid which cannot normally be discharged into domestic drains, and which is broken down by heat.
5. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein solids above a predetermined size are removed from the comminuted waste prior to incineration.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the solids are removed by screening.
7. A method as claimed in Claim 5 or Claim 6, wherein the solids are removed by magnetic separation.
8. A method as claimed in any of
Claims 5 to 7, wherein the removed solids
are treated to reduce the particle size thereof and then recycled with waste to the comminuting process.
9. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein liquid waste added to the incinerator is volatile, toxic, and/or damaging to apparatus for the comminuting process.
10. A method as claimed in Claim 9, wherein the liquid waste added to the incinerator cannot be discharged into domestic drains and is broken down by heat.
11. A method as claimed in any preceding Claim, wherein the incinerator is of the fluidized bed type.
12. A method of treating liquid waste material substantially as described herein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB960477A GB1588191A (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | Treatment of waste material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB960477A GB1588191A (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | Treatment of waste material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1588191A true GB1588191A (en) | 1981-04-15 |
Family
ID=9875192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB960477A Expired GB1588191A (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | Treatment of waste material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1588191A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0099261A2 (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1984-01-25 | Greater Manchester Council | Refuse treatment |
-
1978
- 1978-05-24 GB GB960477A patent/GB1588191A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0099261A2 (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1984-01-25 | Greater Manchester Council | Refuse treatment |
| EP0099261A3 (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1986-02-12 | Greater Manchester Council | Refuse treatment |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |