GB1588125A - District heating systems - Google Patents
District heating systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1588125A GB1588125A GB45335/76A GB4533576A GB1588125A GB 1588125 A GB1588125 A GB 1588125A GB 45335/76 A GB45335/76 A GB 45335/76A GB 4533576 A GB4533576 A GB 4533576A GB 1588125 A GB1588125 A GB 1588125A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pipe
- steam
- heat exchanger
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D10/00—District heating systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/17—District heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS
(71) We, NORTHERN ENGINEERING IN
DUSTRIES LIMITED, a British Company of
Nei House, Regent Centre, Newcastle-upon
Tyne, NE3 3SB, Tyne & Wear, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to district heating systems in which steam associated with steam turbine plant is used to heat water which is circulated through a pipe system extending over a district in which means for heat extraction from the system are provided at selected locations.
The transmission and distribution of heat from thermal power plant for district heating purposes has received considerable attention as a partial solution to avilable energy conservation problems. Water heated by the plant is circulated to and from the district heating outlets in such systems by means of feed and return pipes and proposals to use two concentric pipes for this purpose have previously been made.
Whilst economic factors may be per
suasive in leading to the adoption of district heating systems, the systems may be con
sidered unattractive where any substantial
degree of flexibility of temperature control is required. The object of the present invention is to provide a district heating distribution system whereby flexibility of temperature control is greatly facilitated.
The invention consists in a district heating distribution system providing at least two supply streams of heating water at different temperature ranges from a steam turbine plant in which the heating water is heated by steam extracted from the turbine plant, said distribution system incorporating a concentric pipe arrangement having at least three pipes substantially co-axially arranged, the central pipe being connected to convey water at the highest temperature range in the distribution system to utilization points in the system and the space between the outermost pipes being connected to convey return water at the lowest temperature range in the distribution system to the turbine plant, whilst each interpipe space between the central pipe and the outermost pipe but one is connected to convey water at an intermediate temperature range to utilization points in the system such that successive inter-pipe spaces radially outward from the central pipe are arranged to convey water at successively lower temperature ranges.
The invention further consists in a district heating distribution system in accordance with the preceding paragraph which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, the junction between a duct and the outermost pipe being made by way of a thermal sleeve extending along and surrounding the duct external to the outermost pipe, one end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of a hole in the outermost pipe through which the duct passes and the other end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of the duct and a space being provided between the duct and sleeve which communicates with the space between the outermost pipes.
The invention also consists in a district heating distribution system in accordance with the first of the preceding two paragraphs which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, at least one of the junctions between a pipe and a duct being provided with piston ring sealing means.
The invention also consists in a district heating distribution system in accordance with the first of the preceding three paragraphs which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which an inner pipe is supported and positioned within the adjacent surrounding pipe by a plurality of supporting arms arranged circumferentially about the inner pipe and being fixed to the inner pipe so as to extend substantially tangentially therefrom.
The invention also consists in a district heating distribution system comprising steam turbine plant; a boiler for supplying high pressure steam to the turbine plant; a condenser for receiving exhaust steam from the turbine plant; a first heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a first temperature; a second heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a second temperature lower than said first temperature; a concentric pipe arrangement comprising three pipes for the supply and return of hot water to utilization points in the district heating system; a water pass through the first heat exchanger connected to the innermost pipe of the concentric pipe arrangement for the supply of water at a first temperature range; a water pass through the second heat exchanger connected to the space surrounding the innermost pipe for the supply of water at a second temperature range lower than the said first temperature range; water ducting connecting the inter-pipe space surrounded by the outermost pipe to the water passes in the first and second heat exchangers; and at least one water circulating pump to circulate water through the heat exchanger water passes and inter-pipe spaces.
The invention also consists in a district heating distribution system comprising steam turbine plant; a boiler for supplying high pressure steam to the turbine plant; a condenser for receiving exhaust steam from the turbine plant; a first heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a first temperature: a second heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a second temperature lower than said first temperature; steam ducting provided with a steam control valve connecting the outlet of the steam pass of the first heat exchanger to the inlet of the steam pass of the second heat exchanger; steam ducting provided with a steam control valve connecting the outlet of the steam pass of the second heat exchanger with the condenser; a concentric pipe arrangement comprising three pipes for the supply and return of hot water to utilization points in the district heating system; a water pass through the first heat exchanger connected to the innermost pipe of the concentric pipe arrangement for the supply of water at a first temperature range; awater pass through the second heat exchanger connected by way of a control valve to the space surrounding the innermost pipe for the supply of water at a second temperature range lower than the said first temperature range; water ducting connecting by way of a control valve the outlet of the water pass through the second heat exchanger to the inlet of the water pass through the first heat exchanger; and water ducting connecting the space between the two outer pipes to the water pass in the second heat exchanger by way of a circulating pump for the return of water to the heat exchangers from utilization points in the system.
The invention also consists in district heating distribution systems substantially as described herein and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the aforesaid drawings,
Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a district heating arrangement having a distribution system according to the present invention;
Figure 2 shows a partially cut-away perspective view of a section of concentric piping for a distribution system as shown in
Figure 1;
Figure 3 shows a cross-section through the concentric pipe arrangement shown in Figure 2 at a position where connecting ducts to the interpipe spaces are provided; and
Figure 4 shows a cross-section through the concentric pipe arrangement shown in Figure 2 at a position where support and positioning means for the inner pipes are provided.
Referring first to Figure 1, the district heating arrangement shown comprises a steam turbine 1 driving a generator 2, a condenser 3 receiving steam from the turbine, heat exchangers 4 and 5 receiving steam tapped from the turbine, a concentric arrangement of pipes 6, 7 and 8 forming part of a distribution system (not shown) for hot water and a circulating pump 9 for circulating water through the pipes and the heat exchangers 4 and 5. The boiler supplying steam to turbine 1 is not shown in Figure 1 but the steam supply therefrom is indicated by arrow 10, and, similarly, the condensate return to the boiler is indicated by arrow 11, a feedwater circulation pump 12 being provided.
Steam is tapped from the turbine 1 at two points to give two steam lines 13 and 14 at an appreciable temperature differential.
The higher temperature steam in line 13 is fed to heat exchanger 4 where it passes through a steam pass 15 and on leaving the exchanger is passed through a steam control valve 16. The lower temperature steam in line
14 is fed to the downsteam side of valve 16 and thence through a steam pass 17 in heat exchanger 5. The steam line from heat exchanger 5 then passes to the condenser 3 by way of a control valve 18.
Heating water for the district heating distribution system (not shown) is controllably circulated through the heat exchangers 4, 5 and the three flow channels form by
pipes 6, 7 and 8 by passing water from
circulating pump 9 first through a water pass
19 in heat exchanger 5 and then through a second water pass 20 in heat exchanger 4.
A control valve 21 is provided in the water line connecting the two water passes in the respective heat exchangers, a tapping point for water being arranged upstream of this valve by means of which water is fed via a control valve 22 to the space 23 between pipes 6 and 7. Water pass 20 is connected to feed water into the central pipe 6 and, following circulation via the pipe distribution system to utilization points in the system, the return flow of water is fed back to circulating pump 9 via the space between pipes 7 and 8.
The system described thus provides two sources of heating water at different temperatures, the hotter water being supplied from pass 20 in heat exchanger 4, whilst water at lower temperature is supplied from pass 19 in exchanger 5. Thus, consumers on the system have the choice of tapping from an individual temperature level or a combination of temperature levels, allowing much enhanced flexibility in prdviding heating levels according to individual requirements.
The grading of temperature through the concentric pipe system whereby the hottest water is in the innermost pipe whilst the return water is in the outermost channel enables minimum temperature differences across boundaries to be attained thus reducing the need for elaborate lagging and limiting heat loss from the system to a low-rate heat loss situation at the outermost pipe, where lagging 24 is provided.
Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the ducting arrangements whereby hot water may be extracted from and returned to the system at a utilization point are shown.
Figure 2 indicates the water flow arrangements at such a point, the temperature T1 being substantially higher than temperature
T2, and there being at least one extraction duct 25 and a return duct 26. In the crosssection shown in Figure 3, extraction ducts 26 and 27 for feeds at the different temperatures T1 and T2 are shown, together with a return duct 28 for water at temperature T3, but it should be noted that in practice all three ducts would not be situated at the same axial location in the concentric pipes as appears in the drawing.
Thermal sleeves 29 are provided on the ducts 26, 27 and 28, as shown to cater for differential expansion between the external diameter of a duct and the outer pipe 8 resulting from the different temperatures of the water flowing through the pipe and ducts.
Sliding sealed joints incorporating piston rings 30 are provided where the ducts are required to enter or penetrate the inner pipes 6 and 7, again to provide for differential expansion between pipes 6, 7 and 8. It may be noted that any leakage at these sliding ducts is not detrimental and only the outer pipe 8 is required to be leak-tight.
A preferred arrangement according to the invention for supporting pipes 6 and 7 within pipe 8 is shown in Figure 4. Each internal pipe is provided at axially spaced intervals with three support arms 31, the arms preferably being welded to the outer surface of the pipe which they support and extending tangentially therefrom so that the outer ends of the arms lie on a circle of diameter equal to or slightly less than the internal diameter of the supporting pipe. This arrangement allows the arms to flex without their being unduly stressed should differential expansion cause their outer tip circle diameter to exceed the internal diameter of the supporting pipe.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS 1. A district heating distribution system providing at least two supply streams of heating water at different temperature ranges from a steam turbine plant in which the heating water is heated by steam extracted from the turbine plant, said distribution system incorporating a concentric pipe arrangement having at least three pipes substantially co-axially arranged, the central pipe being connected to convey water at the highest temperature range in the distribution system to utilization points in the system and the space between the outermost pipes being connected to convey return water at the lowest temperature range in the distribution system to the turbine plant, whilst each interpipe space between the central pipe and the outermost pipe but one is connected to convey water at an intermediate temperature range to utilization points in the system such that successive inter-pipe spaces radially outward.
from the central pipe are arranged to convey water at successively lower temperature ranges.
2. A district heating distribution system as claimed in claim 1, which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, the junction between a duct and the outermost pipe being made by way of a thermal sleeve extending along and surrounding the duct external to the outermost pipe, one end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of a hole in the outermost pipe through which the duct passes and the other end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of the duct and a space being provided between the duct and sleeve which communicates with the space between the outermost pipes.
3. A district heating distribution system as claimed in claim 1, which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, at least one of the junctions between a pipe and a duct being provided with piston ring sealing means.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (7)
1. A district heating distribution system providing at least two supply streams of heating water at different temperature ranges from a steam turbine plant in which the heating water is heated by steam extracted from the turbine plant, said distribution system incorporating a concentric pipe arrangement having at least three pipes substantially co-axially arranged, the central pipe being connected to convey water at the highest temperature range in the distribution system to utilization points in the system and the space between the outermost pipes being connected to convey return water at the lowest temperature range in the distribution system to the turbine plant, whilst each interpipe space between the central pipe and the outermost pipe but one is connected to convey water at an intermediate temperature range to utilization points in the system such that successive inter-pipe spaces radially outward.
from the central pipe are arranged to convey water at successively lower temperature ranges.
2. A district heating distribution system as claimed in claim 1, which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, the junction between a duct and the outermost pipe being made by way of a thermal sleeve extending along and surrounding the duct external to the outermost pipe, one end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of a hole in the outermost pipe through which the duct passes and the other end of the sleeve being in sealing engagement with the periphery of the duct and a space being provided between the duct and sleeve which communicates with the space between the outermost pipes.
3. A district heating distribution system as claimed in claim 1, which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which each pipe is provided with at least one ingress duct and at least one egress duct, at least one of the junctions between a pipe and a duct being provided with piston ring sealing means.
4. A district heating distribution system
as claimed in claim 1, which includes a concentric pipe arrangement in which an inner pipe is supported and positioned within the adjacent surrounding pipe by a plurality of supporting arms arranged circumferentially about the inner pipe and being fixed to the inner pipe so as to extend substantially tangentially therefrom.
5. A district heating distribution system comprising steam turbine plant; a boiler for supplying high pressure steam to the turbine plant; a condenser for receiving exhaust steam from the turbine plant; a first heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a first temperature; a second heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a second temperature lower than said first temperature; a concentric pipe arrangement comprising three pipes for the supply and return of hot water to utilization points in the district heating system; a water pass through the first heat exchanger connected to the innermost pipe of the concentric pipe arrangement for the supply of water at a first temperature range; a water pass through the second heat exchanger connected to the space surrounding the innermost pipe for the supply of water at a second temperature range lower than the said first temperature range; water ducting connecting the inter-pipe space surrounded by the outermost pipe to the water passes in the first and second heat exchangers, and at least one water circulating pump to circulate water through the heat exchanger water passes and inter-pipe spaces.
6. A district heating distribution system comprising steam turbine plant; a boiler for supplying high pressure steam to the turbine plant, a condenser for receiving exhaust steam from the turbine plant; a first heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a first temperature; a second heat exchanger having a steam pass arranged to receive steam tapped from the turbine plant at a second temperature lower than said first temperature; steam ducting provided with a steam control valve connecting the outlet of the steam pass of the first heat exchanger to the inlet of the steam pass of the second heat exchanger; steam ducting provided with a steam control valve connecting the outlet of the steam pass of the second heat exchanger with the condenser, a concentric pipe arrangement comprising three pipes for the supply and return of hot water to utilization points in the district heating system; a water pass through the first heat exchanger connected to the innermost pipe of the concentric pipe arrangement for the supply of water at a first temperature range; a water pass through the second heat exchanger connected by way of a control valve to the space surrounding the innermost pipe for the supply of water at a second temperature range lower than the said first temperature range; water ducting connecting by way of a control valve the outlet of the water pass through the second heat exchanger to the inlet of the water pass through the first heat exchanger; and water ducting connecting the space between the two outer pipes to the water pass in the second heat exchanger by way of a circulating pump for the return of water to the heat exchangers from utilization points in the system.
7. A district heating distribution system substantially as described herein and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45335/76A GB1588125A (en) | 1977-10-19 | 1977-10-19 | District heating systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45335/76A GB1588125A (en) | 1977-10-19 | 1977-10-19 | District heating systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1588125A true GB1588125A (en) | 1981-04-15 |
Family
ID=10436829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB45335/76A Expired GB1588125A (en) | 1977-10-19 | 1977-10-19 | District heating systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1588125A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3634104A1 (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1988-04-21 | Karl Hollemann | One-pipe heating system outlet piece with building-side house connection |
| GB2273980A (en) * | 1993-01-04 | 1994-07-06 | Falmer Investment Ltd | Concentric tube heat exchanger |
| WO2006101621A2 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-28 | Joseph Carl Firey | Coal fired gas turbine for district heating |
| CN104896800A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-09 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Double reverse heat exchanger |
| WO2015161987A1 (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-29 | Vito | Broad band district heating and cooling system |
| NL2027063B1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-07-07 | Derks Innovatie & Advies B V | HEAT TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTING LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT AND METHOD FOR TRANSPORTING HEAT |
-
1977
- 1977-10-19 GB GB45335/76A patent/GB1588125A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3634104A1 (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1988-04-21 | Karl Hollemann | One-pipe heating system outlet piece with building-side house connection |
| GB2273980A (en) * | 1993-01-04 | 1994-07-06 | Falmer Investment Ltd | Concentric tube heat exchanger |
| WO2006101621A2 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-28 | Joseph Carl Firey | Coal fired gas turbine for district heating |
| WO2006101621A3 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2009-12-17 | Joseph Carl Firey | Coal fired gas turbine for district heating |
| WO2015161987A1 (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-29 | Vito | Broad band district heating and cooling system |
| US10883728B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2021-01-05 | Vito | Broad band district heating and cooling system |
| CN104896800A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-09 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Double reverse heat exchanger |
| NL2027063B1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-07-07 | Derks Innovatie & Advies B V | HEAT TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTING LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT AND METHOD FOR TRANSPORTING HEAT |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |